KH-9 и KH-11

[Старый]

Междупрочим массивность КН-11  в говорит о высокой точности его качания из за инерционности, чт оспособствует качетвенному разрешению. Пр обыстроту тут могут быть вопросы, н оесли н ебрать вг олову бздю , пришедщую нашим конструкторам  по поводу разных  малых космических аппаратов,то можно постатвить и соответственно массивные гиродины.

Это что за поток сознания? Опять пежмарь пьяный?

[Старый]

А технология производства и запуска телескопов 2-3 метар типа Хаббла   она плёвая, даже на укровне 80-х годов.

Нда.. Меня веселит этот человек...

 Да, ужжжж...

[volod]

А с чего бы это №28888 и №23607 вчера вечером парочкой ходили?

[Старый]

Хм.
А с чего бы это №28888 и №23607 вчера вечером парочкой ходили?
Американцы таким образом пытаются запутать наблюдателей и подстроить ситуацию так что бы и этот (какой-то КН уже давно не обновлялся) аппарат потеряли?

Ээээ... А 23607 это что? Вроде всю жизнь это было UPMсатом?

[volod]

11 числа я наблюдал по данным classfd.tle и ошибка наведения была незначительной.
Но есть два смущающих момента.
-   Для КН характерна мощная вспышка, а на том витке вспышки не было.
-   После окончания наблюдений по этой же траектории прошел (СЛЕДОМ!) другой объект. По прогнозу д.б. наоборот- сначала этот, а только потом КН!

Возможно, товарищи наблюдатели когда выходят наблюдать радуются что увидели  что то подходящее по яркости и траектории и выдают данные на этот объект...  Таким образом их запутали, возможно специально. А на самом деле КН в любой момент может уйти в сторону и этого простые смертные не заметят...

[Liss]

Возможно, товарищи наблюдатели когда выходят наблюдать радуются что увидели  что то подходящее по яркости и траектории и выдают данные на этот объект...  Таким образом их запутали, возможно специально. А на самом деле КН в любой момент может уйти в сторону и этого простые смертные не заметят...

Нет, невозможно. Этих птичек одни и те же люди наблюдают по 10 и более лет и знают их "в лицо". Ошибется один, увидит ошибку другой.

[carlos]

Официальный FAQ по некоторым вопросам, связанным с КН-7 и КН-9

[carlos]

8. 8. Вопрос:
Does NGA have plans to declassify other systems?
Ответ:
There currently are no ongoing efforts to declassify imagery from other national satellite imaging systems.

9. 9. Вопрос:
Who built the KH-7 surveillance and the KH-9 mapping camera systems?
Ответ:
A partnership of Government and industry, including major technological firms, accomplished these efforts.
А я как-то считал, что факт производства пост-КОРОНАвских камер фирмой Perkin-Elmer рассекречен?

16. 16. Вопрос:
Was any imagery from either system acquired in stereo?
Ответ:
Yes, there were stereo acquisitions on some KH-7 imagery, and stereo coverage on most KH-9 frame imagery for mapping purposes.

17. 17. Вопрос:
How does the best KH-7 imagery compare to the current commercial imaging systems in terms of resolution?
Ответ:
Imagery acquired at nadir (when the camera acquires an image looking straight down) on the later KH-7 imagery missions compares favorably with the best commercial systems (Quickbird and IKONOS).

18. 18. Вопрос:
How does resolution from the KH-9 mapping imagery compare to other systems?
Ответ:
Resolution from the KH-9 mapping imagery is better than the original Landsat system but not as good as SPOT imagery.

21. 21. Вопрос:
Were color and/or color infrared imagery ever acquired by either system?
Ответ:
The KH-7 missions acquired a very limited amount of color imagery; KH-7 missions 4024 and 4030 acquired the most color imagery. A limited amount of color infrared was acquired on Mission 1206-5. All other imagery was acquired on black and white film.

24. 24. Вопрос:
Why is the imagery being released limited to only the KH-7 and the KH-9 mapping systems? It has been reported in the press, journals and books that current systems can take photos of license plates.
Ответ:
Imagery is only considered for declassification when it is no longer considered necessary to protect national security. The scope of this declassification is in consonance with this security principle. Some of the KH-7 imagery (Missions 4001 through 4038) is comparable to current high-resolution commercial imaging systems such as IKONOS and Quickbird. Only the KH-9 frame camera (mapping) imagery (Missions 1205-5 through 1216-5) and the system designators (KH-9/System 1201 through 1220) were approved for release by the DCI. Other imagery has not been declassified and there currently are no plans to declassify this imagery. All other systems provide higher quality products and reflect more current intelligence interests. Release of imagery from these systems would have a negative impact on US intelligence and jeopardize our national security.

[Брабонт]

Что-то подсказывает, что в ближайшее время появится кое-какая новая инфа по сабжам. Или не появится .

[Старый]

Хорошо бы...
 Хотя спутники РТР представляются более интересными...

[Брабонт]

Telescopic high res images USA-161 KH

[Старый]

Эххх, чтото непонятное...
Хаббла и Терру никто в таком ракурсе не снимал?

А какой тут линейный масштаб?

[Брабонт]

Ральфу про Терру никто и не намекал. Потому и увидел в спеклах то, что хотел увидеть, а именно "хаббл".

Варианты реконструкций:

http://img208.imageshack.us/img208/692/usa161100523set2.jpg
http://img85.imageshack.us/f/img85/2640/usa161100523set2a.jpg

[Старый]

А просто сфотографировать в таких же условиях Хаббл и сопоставить, чтоб не пришлось гадать?
 И ещё интересно, в тот момент когда сделаны снимки, продольная ось воображаемого хаббла направлена в надир или куда?

[Брабонт]

С ориентацией неясно. А HST ему на 52-й широте попросту не виден.

[Sharicoff]

NRO History And Heritage[/size]

Founding the NRO
In the 1950s, President Dwight D. Eisenhower approved reconnaissance systems that included high-altitude balloons, airplanes,
and satellites to gain strategic intelligence on the Soviet Union, China, and other potential threats to the United States. On August
31, 1960, Secretary of the Air Force Dudley C. Sharp established the Office of Missile and Satellite Systems to direct the Air Force
satellite reconnaissance program. On September 6, 1961, Acting Director of Central Intelligence General Charles P. Cabell and
Deputy Secretary of Defense Roswell L. Gilpatric officially established management arrangements for the National Reconnaissance
Program. These arrangements consolidated many of America's national space and aerial reconnaissance projects under a covert,
highly compartmented National Reconnaissance Office.

Notable Reconnaissance Systems

GRAB and POPPY

On August 24, 1959, President Eisenhower authorized the Naval Research Laboratory to develop the GRAB (Galactic Radiation and
Background) experimental satellite to collect Soviet air-defense radar emissions. Ten months later, GRAB-1, America's first signals
intelligence satellite, launched from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida. GRAB operated from 1960-1962; its successor, POPPY,
operated from 1962-1977.

CORONA

On August 18, 1960, the United States launched the first CORON A imagery intelligence satellite that successfully returned a photo from
space. A cooperative venture between the CIA and U.S. Air Force, CORON A photographed "denied territories" and returned the exposed
film to earth in capsules, which Air Force planes recovered in mid-air over the Pacific Ocean. The CORONA program flew 145 missions
and produced over 800,000 images. When the program ended in 1972, it boasted a significant list of firsts in space history:
First man-made object retrieved from space
First photograph taken from space
First recovery of an intelligence payload from orbit
First mid-air recovery of an object from space
First mapping of the earth from space
First use of multiple reentry vehicles

KH-7 and KH-9

Developed in the 1960s, the KH-7 and KH-9 film-return satellites provided imagery of Soviet and Chinese nuclear installations,
missile sites, and other activities in "denied territories." Between July 1963 and June 1967, the NRO operated 38 KH-7 missions,
with durations ranging from one to eight days. Only 30 missions obtained usable imagery, totaling about 43,000 linear feet, with
resolutions that improved from four to two feet. Between March 1973 and October 1980, 12 KH-9 Mapping Camera System (MCS)
missions, with durations ranging from 43 to 119 days, collected 48,000 linear feet of film, with resolutions typically between 30
and 20 feet. The U.S. Geological Survey and Defense Mapping Agency used this KH-9 MCS imagery for mapping and digital terrain
elevation data.

Advanced Reconnaissance: KH-11

On December 19, 1976, the NRO launched the KH-11 near real-time electro-optical satellite, which transmitted its images to earth
via a relay satellite. As demand for satellite reconnaissance grew, the NRO developed increasingly sophisticated technology to
collect signals and imagery intelligence from space. These systems contributed to the verification of arms control treaties, global
transparency, and the end of the Cold War.

http://www.nro.gov/articles/50th_flyer_6-14-10_%282%29.pdf

[Брабонт]

Ральфу про Терру никто и не намекал. Потому и увидел в спеклах то, что хотел увидеть, а именно "хаббл".

Любопытно, что сам Ральф куда-то пропал. Я далёк от теории заговоров, но... 5-го сентября сообщил, что отснял KH на дальности 336 км, обещал выложить; 13-го крайний раз написал на CloudyNights, 15-го отметился в Твиттере. И всё, тишина...

[Salo]

http://www.thespacereview.com/article/1720/1

Deep ops[/size]
by Dwayne A. Day
Monday, November 1, 2010

In April 1972 the Deep Submergence Vehicle Trieste II, operating on a secret mission, recovered a film-return capsule from the first, top-secret mission of a KH-9 HEXAGON reconnaissance satellite from 16,400 feet (5,000 meters) below the Pacific Ocean.

The HEXAGON was a massive spacecraft, as big as a bus. (See "A paler shade of black" The Space Review, September 20, 2010; and "Black Fire: De-orbiting spysats during the Cold War" The Space Review, October 25, 2010.) When it launched from Vandenberg Air Force Base atop a Titan III rocket in June 1971, it carried four of the large Satellite Recovery Vehicles (SRV), each the size of the cabin of a Volkswagen Beetle. The SRVs collected the film after it had run through the cameras at high speed. Each SRV had takeup wheels for film from the two main cameras as big as truck tires.
Something went wrong with one of the reentry vehicles from this first KH-9 mission. It is unclear which of the vehicles it was, and what exactly went wrong, but the capsule plummeted to the ocean.

When an SRV was full, the film was cut and the SRV sealed up. It then ejected off the spacecraft in low Earth orbit and retrorockets slowed it down enough so that it reentered the atmosphere over the northern Pacific. The vehicles used an ablative heat shield and after getting through the hottest part of the reentry, they ejected the heat shield and deployed a parachute. Behind the heat shield was a rounded, kettle-shaped container called a "bucket" that held the actual film. The bucket was heavy—at least several hundred pounds for the early missions and possibly up to 2,000 pounds (900 kilograms) for later missions—and it swung under a large parachute.

As all of this was happening a fleet of aircraft launched out of Hickham Field on Oahu was heading into position over the Pacific, northwest of the Hawaiian island chain. What happened next was like an idea out of a James Bond movie: an Air Force C-130, trailing a cable between two poles sticking out of the back of the airplane, flew over the top of the parachute. Because the parachutes were so big, they could not be captured between the two poles, so they were equipped with what looked like a nipple at the top that was small enough to fit between the poles, and it was snagged by the steel cable behind the airplane. The parachute collapsed, and the heavy capsule trailed hundreds of feet behind the plane. Pilots have said that when they caught the really big ones, the buckets that were full of film, their C-130 Hercules aircraft jerked with the weight. A sergeant in the noisy open cargo bay of the plane would then start winching in the cable, and the very heavy bucket with its precious cargo.

But something went wrong with one of the reentry vehicles from this first KH-9 mission. It is unclear which of the vehicles it was, and what exactly went wrong, but the capsule plummeted to the ocean. Perhaps the parachute never properly deployed, or perhaps the plane hit it and collapsed the chute. It seems unlikely that the problem was a simple miss, since the Air Force deployed multiple planes in just such an eventuality. No matter what the cause, the bucket ended up in the water. And it sank.

It finally hit bottom over three miles (five kilometers) down.

What followed was a secret mission involving the Trieste II and her two support vessels, the floating dry dock White Sands and the fleet tug Apache. In November 1971 the Apache towed the White Sands with Trieste II to a location approximately 300 nautical miles (550 kilometers) from Oahu, smack dab in the middle of the SRV reentry footprint, 25 degrees North by 167 degrees West. The White Sands flooded her dock and partially submerged into the ocean. This allowed the Trieste II to float out and then submerge.

The Trieste II was the world's deepest-diving submersible, daughter of the Trieste, which had descended into the deepest spot on Earth, the Mariana Trench, in 1960. She was not really much of a submarine, because she lacked the ability to maneuver very much. For the most part she went up and down, and that was it. But during this dive the Trieste II apparently went down to the bottom and located the KH-9's bucket. How exactly she did this is still unknown, but it is possible that the bucket was equipped with an underwater noisemaker similar to that used on aircraft data recorders—also known as "black boxes"—so they can be located at sea. But Trieste II returned to the surface without the bucket and its load of precious film.
A few months later the ships received a Meritorious Unit Commendation from the Secretary of the Navy for "the deepest navigation, search and recovery operation in the world."

In April 1972 Apache, White Sands, and Trieste II returned to the same location, using what the Navy referred to as "sophisticated surface navigation equipment" that put them in the exact same spot as before. They had to be right on top of it, because Trieste II could not exactly travel very far to locate it. This time, though, they brought with them an additional device, a large mechanical claw, with four prongs. It was about the size and shape of the kinds of claws used in automobile junkyards to pick up old cars by their tops, except it was intended for a much more delicate mission.

The Trieste II submerged and went to the bottom 16,400 feet down. At the front of the Trieste II was a special frame that held the claw in place. The claw was attached to a short cable and above the cable were flotation bladders. Trieste II maneuvered the claw over the bucket and closed it, trapping it. Then the submersible let it go, and the bladders started to rise up, towing the bucket below them, all the way to the surface, where a crane from the White Sands lifted the bucket onto deck.

A few months later the Trieste II, White Sands, and USS Apache received a Meritorious Unit Commendation from the Secretary of the Navy for "the deepest navigation, search and recovery operation in the world." It stated that they had "recovered a research instrument from the ocean floor at a greater depth than previously recorded." The commendation stated that the officers and men "upheld the highest tradition of the United States Naval Service."

A few of the facts of this effort are reported in Project Azorian, by Norman Polmar and Michael White, a fascinating book which is mostly focused on the story of the Glomar Explorer and the recovery of part of the Soviet submarine K-129. But there are many more details that will hopefully emerge from the depths of secrecy if the KH-9 program is declassified in the coming year.


Deep Submergence Vessel Trieste II. In 1972 the Trieste II successfully recovered a lost film-return vehicle from the first KH-9 HEXAGON reconnaissance satellite. The frame visible at the front of the vehicle at left was used for towing the submersible, but also could carry equipment down to the ocean floor, such as the claw-like device used to recover the sunken spysat bucket. (credit: US Navy)

[Старый]

Значит с кабину автомобиля была капсула КН-9?

[G.K.]

Значит с кабину автомобиля была капсула КН-9?

Это же какого размера должен быть спутник  :shock: