Китайская космическая станция

[Bell]

http://www.satnews.com/cgi-bin/story.cgi?number=161664004

Satnews Daily
 October 30, 2010

China... Station In Space Scheduled

[SatNews] China said Wednesday it plans to complete a manned space station around 2020, as the Asian nation pushes ahead with its ambitious space exploration program.


Artistic rendition of a proposed Chinese space station, courtesy of the Chinese Society of AstronauticsChina's Manned Space Engineering Project announced in a statement that it expected to launch a space laboratory before 2016 to study key technology involved in a space station, such as living conditions for astronauts. The country would then develop and launch a core cabin and a second laboratory module around 2020, which would be assembled in orbit into a space station, it added. The station would study technologies involved in long-term manned space flights, the statement said.

China had already announced plans to launch two unmanned modules next year, which are expected to undergo the nation's first space docking — an essential step towards building the space station. These steps are all part of the nation's ambitious space exploration program, which experts say it wants to put on a par with those of the United States and Russia. China sees the program as a symbol of its global stature, growing technical expertise, and the Communist Party's success in turning around the fortunes of the formerly poverty-stricken nation. The nation became only the third in the world to put a man in space independently — after the United States and Russia — when Yang Liwei piloted the one-man Shenzhou-5 space mission in 2003. And in September 2008, the Shenzhou-7, piloted by three astronauts, carried out China's first space walk.

China has also made strides in lunar exploration, aiming to become the second country to put a man on the moon. It launched its second lunar probe on October 1, hopes to bring a moon rock sample back to Earth in 2017, and has planned a manned mission to the moon for around 2020, according to state media.


Artistic rendition of a proposed Chinese space station, courtesy of the Chinese Society of Astronautics

Что-то, блин, подозрительно напоминает Служебный модуль с двумя НЭМами  :wink:

[Alex_II]

Что-то, блин, подозрительно напоминает Служебный модуль с двумя НЭМами  :wink:

Размерчик не тот - модули-то не 20-тонные, а максимум 10т.

[Дмитрий В.]

Что-то, блин, подозрительно напоминает Служебный модуль с двумя НЭМами  :wink:

Размерчик не тот - модули-то не 20-тонные, а максимум 10т.

Да, размерчик-то тот. Это ведь не "Тянгун", а эскиз будущей ОС, которая будет собираться из 20-25-тонных модулей, выводимых одним из вариантов CZ-5.

[Alex_II]

Да, размерчик-то тот. Это ведь не "Тянгун", а эскиз будущей ОС, которая будет собираться из 20-25-тонных модулей, выводимых одним из вариантов CZ-5.

:oops: А, да. Виноват, текст не дочитал... Если вывод на CZ-5 - действительно... ББ и правда Мир напоминает... А вот НЭМы наши вроде ж должны были цилиндрическими быть, не? Без вот этих вот изменений диаметра?

[Старый]

Что-то, блин, подозрительно напоминает Служебный модуль с двумя НЭМами  :wink:

У сэсайти любителей тайконавтики плохо с фантазией.

[Salo]

http://www.china-defense-mashup.com/?p=8306

Tiangong Space Lab Spurs China Space PR Blitz[/size]

Nov. 09 (China Military Analysis cited from spacedaily.com and written by Morris Jones) -- In 2011, China will launch Tiangong 1, its first space laboratory. The flight of Tiangong has been openly discussed for years, and we have even seen video of the actual spacecraft being assembled.

Nevertheless, there's been a recent spate of reporting on the subject, mostly in the form of confusing stories appearing in the Chinese media. The sudden release of these stories, which really provide no enlightenment to dedicated space observers, is curious.

It's as if China suddenly feels the need to remind the world of its aspirations in spaceflight. The timing of the stories, coinciding with the end of NASA Administrator Charles Bolden's visit to China, is probably no coincidence.

The Chinese reportage is somewhat garbled and potentially misleading, suggesting that the stories were probably run in haste. This, in turn adds further weight to my speculation that China felt the need to make a publicity splash, quickly, on the instruction of higher government authorities.

It's worthwhile pausing to consider what we know about the Tiangong space laboratory, and what China is really planning to do. Beyond the upcoming launch of Tiangong 1 and the confirmed launches to follow it, nobody can be totally sure of what will happen next.

Not all the reportage and statements are consistent. Nobody really knows the precise launch dates or technical details of what will come after Tiangong 1 is finished. Nobody knows if Chinese authorities will change their plans in the future, given the somewhat dynamic state of international space activity. But we can make probable case that fits most of the available evidence.

Tiangong 1 is a small laboratory module, with roughly the same internal volume as a compact van. The spacecraft will launch in the first half of 2011, and will spend a few months flying solo.

During this time, Tiangong will be put through a "shakedown" flight as its spaceworthiness is checked out. Some experiments will also be run on board, such as remotely operated cameras for Earth observation.

In late 2011, the Shenzhou 8 spacecraft will be launched. Carrying no crew, it will dock automatically with Tiangong 1 in orbit.

This will confirm China's ability to perform rendezvous and docking operations, and transfer crews to the laboratory. After staying together for a few weeks, Shenzhou 8 will undock and its descent module will return to Earth. Experiments carried inside the module will then be retrieved.

In 2012, Shenzhou 9 will be launched. It will carry the first astronauts to travel to Tiangong. The crew is expected to be three. The astronauts will enter the laboratory and live aboard for a short period, possibly around two weeks. Afterwards, they will return to Earth on Shenzhou 9.

Later in 2012, or possibly 2013, Shenzhou 10 will be launched to Tiangong 1. This will carry two or three astronauts. There's a good chance that this mission will carry China's first female astronaut, one of two recent recruits whose identities remain officially guarded.

The crew of Shenzhou 10 will possibly stay a bit longer at Tiangong than the crew of Shenzhou 9. After their return to Earth, Tiangong 1 will probably be operated in autonomous mode for a few months. Later, it will probably be de-orbited over the Pacific Ocean.

Time will pass while China prepares its next laboratory. Tiangong 2 will probably be almost identical to Tiangong 1, but China will probably replace some components and fine-tune the overall design. We have seen similar evolution taking place in the Shenzhou program, which was gradually tweaked with each successive launch.

Tiangong 2 will probably carry different experimental payloads, and also improve the habitability and endurance for the crew. This spacecraft will probably carry improvements in its life- support system and logistics.

Tiangong 2 will probably launch in 2013 or 2014. There will be no need for an unmanned docking test with this module. Instead, the Shenzhou 11 spacecraft will carry a crew of two or three astronauts to occupy it. After their mission ends, there will be gap of a few months or possibly a year. Then, a second crew will fly to Tiangong 2. There could even be a third expedition to this laboratory.

Tiangong 3 is expected to be the last laboratory planned for this program. It will be more evolved in its design than its two predecessors. Chinese statements have indicated that it will be capable of receiving cargo vehicles as well as Shenzhou spacecraft.

In practice, this means that Tiangong 3 will need a docking hub, capable of supporting more than one spacecraft simultaneously. Tiangongs 1 and 2 are expected to hold just a single docking port. The docking hub will probably be a spherical unit with docking ports at 90-degree angles.

The cargo vehicle for Tiangong is expected to be another Tiangong module, its interior filled with food and other expendables as well as equipment. China would be expected to launch the cargo ship to Tiangong 3 before it sends any crews there.

The cargo vessel would probably dock nose-to-nose with Tiangong 3. When the first Shenzhou spacecraft arrives, it will probably dock with the hub at right- angles to the two modules, making a T-shaped complex of three spacecraft.

The use of a supply spacecraft will greatly expand the endurance of crews to this laboratory. It's possible that a crew could be sent on an extended-duration stay of a month or even more. If the crew size is kept at only two astronauts, the logistics can be stretched even further.

Tiangong 3 will probably fly around 2016. It is unclear how many expeditions will be sent to it, how long each will stay, or how large the crews will be. Such details have probably not been determined precisely by the Chinese at this stage.

After Tiangong 3 is finished, China can begin work on its goal of launching a large, multi-module space station. This space station will be constructed from large modules, similar in appearance to the Russian Salyut space stations of the 1970s.

The development of this station will draw upon all the experience gained in the Tiangong space laboratory program. Artwork of this space station suggests that there will be three large modules arranged in a T-fashion. Crews will be launched to the station aboard Shenzhou spacecraft.

The Tiangong spacecraft will be used as a cargo resupply vehicle for this new station. The first core module for this new station should be launched around 2020.

While the exact details may change, there's one clear message that needs to be taken from the recent

statements. China is willing and able to support an autonomous human spaceflight program. It is preparing a diverse stable of space hardware, removing any potential dependence on other nations.

Although there could be international co-operation in the future, China's plans do not place other nations in the "critical path", where a problem with an international partner can derail the overall course of a program. This is an important issue for other nations to remember in forging any future partnerships in space.

[SpaceR]

ББ и правда Мир напоминает... А вот НЭМы наши вроде ж должны были цилиндрическими быть, не? Без вот этих вот изменений диаметра?

Цилиндрическими. Как раз цилиндр от НЭМа к МКС на Шаттле и доставили - "Рассвет" называется.

[Salo]

[Salo]

http://www.rian.ru/photolents/20101115/296628565_3.html

Авиасалон Airshow China-2010 в Чжухае[/size]


Космический аппарат "Тяньгун-1" предназначен для отработки стыковки в космосе. Он уже собран, в настоящее время китайские специалисты приступают к тестированию электронных систем аппарата, далее последуют испытания механических систем и систем термозащиты. Запуск аппарата намечен на 2011 год. "Тяньгун-1" предназначен для осуществления первой в истории китайской космической программы стыковки космических аппаратов. Как сообщалось ранее, в 2011 планируется осуществить стыковку "Тяньгун-1" с космическим кораблем "Шэньчжоу-8" без экипажа, затем, в 2012 и 2013 годах, к "Тяньгун-1" полетят корабли "Шэньчжоу-9" и "Шэньчжоу-10" с экипажами. В дальнейшем "Тяньгун-1" планируется использовать в качестве орбитальной лаборатории.


Китай уже официально приступил к реализации проекта по созданию космической станции, начало ее работы намечено на 2020 год. Сравнительно крупная по размеру, рассчитанная на длительное пребывание в ней людей космическая лаборатория начнет работу около 2020 года. Согласно проекту, до 2016 года будет разработана и запущена орбитальная лаборатория, отработана технология среднесрочного пребывания космонавтов на орбите, а также развёрнут определенный объем прикладных работ в космосе. Около 2020 года будет разработан и запущен центральный и исследовательский отсеки станции, которые будут смонтированы на орбите.
На фото: китайская космическая станция, модель 1:10.

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Китайский грузовой корабль снабжения орбитальной станции
(судя по всему слегка уменьшенная копия модификции ГКС ППТС):

60th International Astronautical Congress (IAC) in Daejeon, Korea October 2009

[ronatu]

Тенденция однако.
Еще лет десять и все будет на уровне лидеров. :wink:

[Старый]

Китайский грузовой корабль снабжения орбитальной станции
(судя по всему слегка уменьшенная копия модификции ГКС ППТС):

60th International Astronautical Congress (IAC) in Daejeon, Korea October 2009

Так это ж Тяньлянь!

[ronatu]

[frigate]

Старый, только сегодня и только для Вас:

[Дмитрий В.]

Старый, только сегодня и только для Вас:

А заодно и основа для специализированных модулей будущей ОС. :roll:

[Старый]

Он!

[Дмитрий В.]

Так это ж Тяньлянь!

А это еще что такое? :shock:

[Старый]

Так это ж Тяньлянь!

А это еще что такое? :shock:

Ну это, с которым будет стыковаться следующий Шэньчжоу. Или я опять перепутал название?

[Дмитрий В.]

Так это ж Тяньлянь!

А это еще что такое? :shock:

Ну это, с которым будет стыковаться следующий Шэньчжоу. Или я опять перепутал название?

А, Тяньгун, ты хотел сказать? :wink: