Dragon Crew v.2.0

[Salo]

SpaceX Crew Dragon Challenges: Welds, Cracks & Water Seepage             
Posted by Doug Messier on September 4, 2016, at 4:29 am

SpaceX Crew Dragon Weldment Structure (Credit: SpaceX)
 
Excerpted from, "NASA's Commercial Crew Program: Update on Development and Certification Efforts," NASA Office of Inspector General, Report No. IG-16-028, September 1, 2016
SpaceX's CCtCap contract initially included 18 milestones ranging from establishment of the original requirements baseline to final vehicle certification. During the first year of the contract, SpaceX and NASA agreed to separate SpaceX's Propulsion Module Testing and Critical Design Review into multiple segments, which increased the total milestones to 21.20

 As of June 2016, SpaceX had completed eight milestones (38 percent), five less than planned under the original schedule, and received $469 million (18 percent) of the total contract value. Of the 18 SpaceX milestones, five related to specific NASA program requirements:
 

• Certification Baseline Review,
• Design Certification Review,
• Flight Test Readiness Review,
• Operations Readiness Review, and
• Certification Review.
  

As with Boeing, these reviews are intended to ensure SpaceX has developed its transportation system design, defined its plan and schedule, and demonstrated that the system meets NASA requirements for one uncrewed and one crewed flight test leading up to final certification for operational flights to the ISS (click here for detailed descriptions of these review).
The dates for all of these milestones have also been extended, which has in turn delayed the two test flights. As of June 2016, SpaceX had not revised its schedule and was still planning its first certified crewed flight in December 2017. However, given the delays in achieving milestones necessary to receive certification, we believe it highly unlikely SpaceX will meet this goal.
As of July 2016, SpaceX has completed four significant milestones:
 

[/li]
• Certification Baseline Review. For this review, baseline requirements were confirmed to bein line with NASA guidance; the plan and schedule for completing design, development, test,and evaluation and certification for the system was defined; and top safety, technical, cost, and schedule risks were defined. SpaceX completed this milestone in December 2014 after a1-month delay.
• Initial Propulsion Module Testing. This test of a flight-representative spacecraft propulsion system was conducted in October 2015 after a 6-month delay.
• Critical Design Review, Delta Critical Design Review, and Delta Critical Design Review 2. These reviews are intended to ensure the Falcon 9/Crew Dragon design satisfied all applicable requirements; assess the maturity of the system to determine whether it is appropriate to proceed to fabrication, assembly, integration, and testing; and secure NASA approval of the contractor's product verification and validation plans. SpaceX completed the first part of the review, which focused on the design of its launch vehicle and uncrewed ground systems, in November 2015 after a 5-month delay. It completed the second part, which focused on the capsule and mission operations in December 2015 as scheduled. SpaceX is planning to undertake the third part of the review, which will focus on any remaining Dragon components, an updated seat design, and crewed ground systems, in August 2016. In total, SpaceX anticipates completing all three components 13 months later than originally planned.
• Propulsive Descent Test Complete. This test of the Pad Abort Test Vehicle to perform controlled propulsive burns in a dynamic environment was completed in December 2015 after a 3-month delay.
  

SpaceX also has not yet completed all milestones associated with Critical Design Review – a stage in the development process that often reveals shortcomings a contractor must address before it proceeds with full-scale fabrication, assembly, integration, and testing of its capsule. SpaceX officials attributed the delays to capsule design challenges, specifically switching from a design that used a ground-based landing to a water-based landing design in the first year after contract award. This resulted in significant challenges, including complications with vendor components and the effectiveness of the integrated landing system designed to ensure parachutes work and the capsule does not take on excessive water after landing in the ocean.
In addition, SpaceX stated it had underestimated the number of interfaces to the weldment and radial bulkheads, which also resulted in design delays.21 The Government Accountability Office recently reported that several of the SpaceX key subsystem vehicle designs are not yet mature, finding that SpaceX does not plan to complete seat designs until mid-2016.22
Once SpaceX completes the final phase of Critical Design Review, it must meet several additional milestones, including
 

[/li]
• the uncrewed flight test currently scheduled for December 2016 (originally scheduled for March 2016);
• the Design Certification Review in January 2017 (originally scheduled for July 2016);
• a Flight Test Readiness Review in March 2017 (originally scheduled for September 2016);
• the crewed test flight in April 2017 (originally scheduled for October 2016); and
• the Operations Readiness Review in July 2017 (originally scheduled for January 2017).
  

NASA hopes to conduct SpaceX's final certification review in October 2017 (originally scheduled for April 2017).
NASA Program officials anticipate SpaceX will encounter additional delays on the path to certification. For example, in January 2015, the tunnel that provides a passageway for astronauts and cargo between the Dragon and the ISS was reported to have cracked during the heat treatment phase of the manufacturing process. As a result, SpaceX delayed qualification testing by approximately one year to better align the tests as SpaceX moves toward certification. SpaceX has also experienced ongoing issues with stress fractures in turbopumps that must be resolved prior to flight.23
Additionally, SpaceX has not yet completed parachute system level testing which may reveal issues that would require redesign that could further delay the test flights. Accordingly, we anticipate additional schedule slippage and do not expect certified flights by SpaceX earlier than late 2018.
As stated earlier, SpaceX is scheduled to complete the final phase of its Critical Design Review in August 2016. As part of this review, SpaceX and NASA will assess lessons learned from the SpaceX's failed June 2015 cargo mission. According to the Associate Administrator for Human Exploration and Operations Mission Directorate, the accident provided an opportunity to gain a better understanding of weaknesses in SpaceX's rocket design, which in turn can be used to inform its crew design. Although SpaceX officials told us that the mishap has not delayed its crew development efforts because it had built sufficient margin into the schedule, they also noted the lack of margin remaining to accommodate any additional unexpected issues that may arise.
20 The total contract cost did not increase as a result of the increase in total number of milestones.
 21 A weldment is formed by welding together an assembly of pieces. For the SpaceX vehicle, the radial bulkheads attach to the lower part of the weldment and separate the housing for thrusters, propellant tanks, parachutes, and other vital systems.
 22 Government Accountability Office, "NASA: Assessments of Major Projects" (GAO-16-309SP, March 30, 2016).
 23 A turbopump provides fuel to the main combustion chamber of an engine.

[us2-star]

А тут как я понял:
1) По состоянию на июнь 2016 года, компании spacex прошли восемь этапов (38 процентов), на пять меньше, чем планировалось по первоначальному графику, и получил 469 млн. долларов (18 процентов) от общей стоимости контракта.
2) По состоянию на июнь 2016 года,  spacex планировала полет с экипажем в декабре 2017 года.
3) Чиновники программы НАСА предполагают дополнительные задержки, и не ожидают начала регулярных рейсов ранее конца 2018 года.

[Quооndo]

А в связи с аварией 1 сентября и разрушение 40-го СК задержки будут еще больше

[Quооndo]

а все по причине того что у НАСА возникло очень много вопросов и требований к пилотируемому Фалькону

[Salo]

Jeff Foust ‏@jeff_foust  11 мин.11 минут назад  
Reed also says "we'll fly when we're ready" but gives no dates. #AIAASpace
 
  Jeff Foust ‏@jeff_foust  11 мин.11 минут назад  
Ferguson: our schedule is "very aggressive" but we'll fly when we're ready and when vehicle is safe. #AIAASpace
 
  Jeff Foust ‏@jeff_foust  16 мин.16 минут назад  
Reed didn't give any specific schedules for Crew Dragon demo missions, which likely in flux anyway. #AIAASpace
 
  Jeff Foust ‏@jeff_foust  25 мин.25 минут назад  
Reed: going through lot of testing on Crew Dragon, including parachutes, capsule qualification, design closeouts. #AIAASpace
 
  Jeff Foust ‏@jeff_foust  28 мин.28 минут назад
Benji Reed of SpaceX says to drive by company HQ in Hawthorne to see landed F9 booster. "It's a lot bigger than you think." #AIAASpace

[Quооndo]

По слухам в НАСА, пока не разберуться с Фальконом никто не даст летать на Дрэгонах. Похоже уже 2018-й год под вопросом

[Salo]

[Salo]

http://spacenews.com/commercial-crew-companies-emphasize-safety-over-schedule

[Quооndo]

Salo пишет:
http://spacenews.com/commercial-crew-companies-emphasize-safety-over-schedule

Я же говорю. Сейчас ситуация такая что все полеты вообще могут перенестись за 2018 г. И НАСА и дальше с радостью будет покупать себе и своим партнерам дополнительные места на Союзах. Болеее того, в отношении Спэйс Х возникают дополнительные требования по сертификации и безопасности после аварии 1 сентября. Возможно в связи с дополнительными требованиями полеты Драгона вооббще перенесутся за 2019 г. Таким образом начиная с 2011 г. Союз в одиночку практически на протяжении десятилетия возит экипажи на МКС и вытягивает мировую пилотируемую космонавтику.

[Max Andriyahov]

Оптимистично: 

"Представитель частной аэрокосмической компании SpaceX миллиардера Элона Маска заявил, что расследование пожара на стартовой площадке не повлияет на график разработки и сертификации «космического такси» для Национального управления США по воздухоплаванию и исследованию космического пространства (NASA)."

http://www.3dnews.ru/939539

[triage]

Max Andriyahov пишет:
Оптимистично: http://www.3dnews.ru/939539

а источник кажется выше 

Salo пишет:
http://spacenews.com/commercial-crew-companies-emphasize-safety-over-schedule

[Max Andriyahov]

а, точно. я тормоз

[Salo]

http://izvestia.ru/news/633318

— Согласно наиболее свежему расписанию, первый беспилотный полет космического корабля Dragon в его пилотируемой версии — SpaceX Crew Dragon — намечен на май 2017 года, а полет корабля с экипажем назначен на август 2017 года, — заявила «Известиям» официальный представитель Центра Кеннеди NASA Табата Томпсон. — Первый беспилотный полет корабля Boeing's CST-100 Starliner намечен на декабрь 2017 года, а полет с экипажем — на февраль 2018 года. Даты дальнейших полетов новых кораблей пока не определены.

[triage]

http://izvestia.ru/news/633318
20 сентября 201

NASA решило не переносить полетов к МКС после взрыва ракеты Falcon

Американцы назвали даты запусков новых пилотируемых кораблей Crew Dragon и CST-100 Starliner

NASA не будет переносить даты запусков новых пилотируемых кораблей к Международной космической станции, несмотря на аварию с ракетой Falcon 9, причины которой пока не выяснены и, соответственно, не устранены.

— Согласно наиболее свежему расписанию, первый беспилотный полет космического корабля Dragon в его пилотируемой версии — SpaceX Crew Dragon — намечен на май 2017 года, а полет корабля с экипажем назначен на август 2017 года, — заявила «Известиям» официальный представитель Центра Кеннеди NASA Табата Томпсон. — Первый беспилотный полет корабля Boeing's CST-100 Starliner намечен на декабрь 2017 года, а полет с экипажем — на февраль 2018 года. Даты дальнейших полетов новых кораблей пока не определены.

Решению руководства NASA о назначении дат полетов пилотируемых кораблей к МКС предшествовал ряд дискуссий, одна из них состоялась 15 сентября в Американском институте аэронавтики и космонавтики в Лонг-Бич. В ходе дискуссии директор по сертификации SpaceX Абхишек Трипати заявил, что компания «на всех парах движется к сертификации и по-прежнему пытается соответствовать графику создания «космического такси». Он подчеркнул, что работу не задерживает расследование причин взрыва ракеты Falcon 9, который произошел 1 сентября на стартовом комплексе мыса Канаверал.

Но как занятно, хотелось вначале ответить

Валерий Жилинский пишет:

Решению руководства NASA о назначении дат полетов пилотируемых кораблей к МКС предшествовал ряд дискуссий, одна из них состоялась 15 сентября в Американском институте аэронавтики и космонавтики в Лонг-Бич. ...

Так что это расписание действует и после аварии.

http://spacenews.com/commercial-crew-companies-emphasize-safety-over-schedule/
by Jeff Foust — September 14, 2016

LONG BEACH, Calif. — In the wake of a launch accident and a critical report, the two companies with NASA commercial crew contracts say they're committed to maintaining their development schedules, but not at the expense of safety.

During a panel session at the AIAA Space 2016 conference here Sept. 14, officials with Boeing, SpaceX and NASA went to great lengths to emphasize they would not rush the development and test flights of crewed vehicles despite a desire to have at least one company's system ready to start ferrying astronauts to and from the ISS before the end of 2018.

Prior to the Sept. 1 pad accident that destroyed a Falcon 9 rocket and its satellite payload, SpaceX had planned to perform a demonstration mission of its Crew Dragon spacecraft to the International Space Station without a crew as soon as May 2017, with a crewed demo mission to follow later in the year. But at the conference, Benji Reed, director of crew mission management at SpaceX, declined to give estimated dates for those missions.

"Our focus is getting able to fly again soon from our overall fleet perspective," he said of returning the Falcon 9 to flight. That investigation is not affecting various commercial crew activities, he added. "We're full steam ahead on crew, while we listen to the data and understand what's going on."

However, he did not commit to even approximate schedules for those key demo flights, or when he expected NASA to certify the Crew Dragon for operational missions. "We need to get that capability going, and we need to do it right," he said. "We'll fly when we're ready."

Kathy Lueders, NASA commercial crew program manager, said her program is participating in the accident investigation team established by SpaceX after the pad explosion. NASA's ISS and launch services programs are also represented on the team, which is led by SpaceX and also includes the U.S. Air Force and Federal Aviation Administration.

Другое лицо SpaceX Benji Reed 14 числа не может назвать даты, а Известия утверждет что расписание не изменилось - что НАСА не перенесло даты. В тексте Абхишек Трипати вообще про даты не говорил.

[Валерий Жилинский]

pnetmon пишет:
Другое лицо SpaceX Benji Reed 14 числа не может назвать даты, а Известия утверждет что расписание не изменилось - что НАСА не перенесло даты. В тексте Абхишек Трипати вообще про даты не говорил.

Другое лицо 14 сентября ответить не может, а Известия пишут 20, с учётом результатов встречи, прошедшей 15-го...
   
Какие проблемы, если незадолго до аварии следующий полёт Дракона к МКС был перенесён на будущий год, и имелись в виду испытательные беспилотные полёты пилотируемого Дракона, которые, кстати, так же запланированы очень не скоро?

[triage]

Известия могут написать что угодно - дадите нормальные анголоязычные источники слов представителей SpaceX что после аварии даты запуска были подтверждены как и прежде?

вот например 15 число

 http://www.reuters.com/article/us-spacex-taxi-idUSKCN11L2O8
SpaceX on Thursday said efforts to develop and certify a space taxi for NASA are not being slowed by an investigation into a launch pad fire that destroyed its rocket and a $200 million Israeli communications satellite.
...
"We're full-steam head for certification. We're still trying to remain on schedule," Abhishek Tripathi, director of certification for SpaceX, said during a webcast panel discussion at an American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics conference in Long Beach, California.
"I know what I need to do in the next day and in the next month," Tripathi said, adding that his work is not being affected by the accident investigation.
...

То что один из SpaceX ответственный за пилотажку не может назвать даты, а товарищ по сертификации говорит что они пытаются придерживаться графика. Расписание НАСА кто и когда его утверждал?
Вон Роскосмос утверждает, а исполнитель переносит.

[Apollo13]

Peter B. de Selding ‏@pbdes  5h5 hours ago

Shotwell(3): Goal is still to fly 1st Commercial Crew Dragon next year.

[Salo]

Richard Lunak ‏@rlunak
Cool seeing a @SpaceX Dragon capsule at @CarnegieMellon for the #WHFrontiers Conference today!
 

[Astro Cat]

Судя по фото, супердрако не симметричны относительно друг друга...

[Валерий Жилинский]

Astro Cat пишет:
Судя по фото, супердрако не симметричны относительно друг друга...

У меня впечатление (не только по этому фото), что они расположены в углах вытянутого прямоугольника (возможно трапеции). Боковой люк расположен там, где длинная сторона прямоугольника (или основание трапеции). Если СуперДраго расположены в углах трапеции, то центр тяжести Дракона капсулы смещён?