Китайский космос

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http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-07/08/c_137310103.htm

China readying for space station era: Yang Liwei
Source: Xinhua | 2018-07-08 16:12:22 | Editor: Yamei

BEIJING, July 8 (Xinhua) -- China is accelerating its timetable for a space station, with the core capsule expected to be launched in 2020, says Yang Liwei, director of the China Manned Space Engineering Office and the country's first astronaut.

Yang told Chinese media recently that the two experiment modules of the space station will be sent into space in 2021 and 2022. Three or four manned missions and several cargo spacecraft are planned in 2021 and 2022.

After construction of the main parts of the space station, a capsule holding a large optical telescope will be sent into the same orbit to fly with the station, Yang said.

During construction of the station, the number of manned space missions will rise to about five a year, compared with once every two or three years when China began sending astronauts into space more than a decade ago. Astronaut recruitment will be expanded.

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Born in Suizhong County, of Huludao City, northeast China's Liaoning Province, in 1965, Yang has the rank of major general. He became China's first astronaut when he went into space aboard the Shenzhou-5 craft on Oct. 15, 2003.

"Every second of that day was totally new to me. Nothing can surpass that stunning memory," Yang recalled.

China drew up a manned space flight plan code named "Dawn Project" in the 1970s, but lacked the economic and technological conditions to implement it.

In 1986, the State Council listed space technology in a high-tech development plan. In 1992, China launched its manned space flight program. The success of Shenzhou-5 made China the third country to acquire manned space travel technology on its own.

China gained space transport technologies through the Shenzhou-5 and Shenzhou-6 spacecraft, and extra-vehicular space-walk technologies through the Shenzhou-7 mission.

The Shenzhou-8 and Shenzhou-9 missions helped China master autonomous and manned rendezvous and docking technologies. China's manned space flight technologies have matured since the Shenzhou-10 mission. From Shenzhou-5 to Shenzhou-11, China has sent 11 astronauts into space.

Yang said he could only eat prepared food like moon cake when he was aboard Shenzhou-5. But when Shenzhou-11 carried Jing Haipeng and Chen Dong to China's first space lab Tiangong-2 in 2016, the two astronauts chose more than 100 kinds of food for their one-month stay.

Yang likened Shenzhou-5 to a tractor and Shenzhou-11 to a limousine.

"When Shenzhou-5 was orbiting the Earth in 2003, I could communicate with the ground controllers only 15 percent of the time. When Jing and Chen were in space in 2016 they could communicate with the ground for 85 percent of the flight. They could watch news programs, use mobile phones, send messages to the ground and log on to the Internet," Yang said.

China has become a major power in space, but still lags behind the leading powers, Yang said.

China's reform and opening up over the past four decades have emancipated mindset, promoting economic growth and enhancing comprehensive national strength. The past 20 years have witnessed the rapid development of its space industry, Yang said.

Exploration of the unknown is the impetus of human advancement. Many technologies first developed during space exploration are later used to benefit ordinary people, such as CT or MRI for medical use, Yang said.

"I'm expecting more resources for the development of the space industry. China's space station will be a platform for more advanced space science experiments to serve economic and social development on Earth," Yang said.

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http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-07/09/c_137311817.htm

China launches two satellites for Pakistan
Source: Xinhua | 2018-07-09 13:16:18|Editor: Chengcheng

JIUQUAN, July 9 (Xinhua) -- China launched two satellites for Pakistan on a Long March-2C rocket from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwest China at 11:56 a.m. Monday.

The PRSS-1 is China's first optical remote sensing satellite sold to Pakistan and the 17th satellite developed by the China Academy of Space Technology (CAST) for an overseas buyer.

A scientific experiment satellite, PakTES-1A, developed by Pakistan, was sent into orbit via the same rocket.

This is another space cooperation between China and Pakistan since the launch of PAKSAT-1R, a communication satellite, in August 2011.

The PRSS-1 will be used for land and resources surveying, monitoring of natural disasters, agriculture research, urban construction and providing remote sensing information for the Belt and Road region.

Monday's launch is the 279th mission of the Long March rocket series.

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http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-07/09/c_137311897.htm

China launches two satellites for Pakistan
Source: Xinhua | 2018-07-09 14:01:25 | Editor: Liangyu

JIUQUAN, July 9 (Xinhua) -- China launched two satellites for Pakistan on a Long March-2C rocket from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwest China at 11:56 a.m. Monday.

The PRSS-1 is China's first optical remote sensing satellite sold to Pakistan and the 17th satellite developed by the China Academy of Space Technology (CAST) for an overseas buyer.

A scientific experiment satellite, PakTES-1A, developed by Pakistan, was sent into orbit via the same rocket.

After entering orbit, the PRSS-1 is in good condition with its solar panels unfolded smoothly, according to CAST.

The satellite, which has a designed life of seven years, is equipped with two panchromatic/multispectral cameras, with a resolution up to a meter and a coverage range of 60 km.

Designers say the two cameras are among the best exported remote sensing cameras made by China. They can be used to monitor plant diseases and pests.

The PRSS-1 will be used for land and resources surveying, monitoring of natural disasters, agriculture research, urban construction and providing remote sensing information for the Belt and Road region.

Monday's launch is the 279th mission of the Long March rocket series.

It is another space cooperation between China and Pakistan since the launch of PAKSAT-1R, a communication satellite, in August 2011.

It is also the first international commercial launch for a Long March-2C rocket within nearly two decades after it carried Motorola's Iridium satellites into orbit in 1999.

Long March-2C rockets are mainly used to send satellites into low Earth or Sun-synchronous orbits.

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Синьхуа

http://russian.news.cn/2018-07/09/c_137311987.htm

Китайская ракета-носитель вывела на орбиту два спутника для Пакистана
2018-07-09 14:40:14丨Russian.News.Cn

Цзюцюань, 9 июля /Синьхуа/ -- Китай в понедельник вывел на орбиту два спутника для Пакистана. Запуск ракеты-носителя "Чанчжэн-2С" с космическими аппаратами на борту состоялся в 11:56 по пекинскому времени с космодрома Цзюцюань на северо-западе Китая.

Спутник PRSS-1 является первым оптическим спутником дистанционного зондирования, разработанным Китайской академией космических технологий для Пакистана, и 17-м спутником, разработанным ей для иностранных покупателей.

Спутник для научных экспериментов PakTES-1A, разработанный Пакистаном, был выведен на орбиту одновременно с помощью ракеты-носителя "Чанчжэн-2С".

Это еще один проект сотрудничества между Китаем и Пакистаном в космической области с момента запуска спутника связи 1R в августе 2011 года.

Спутник PRSS-1 предназначен для обследования земель и ресурсов, мониторинга стихийных бедствий, проведения исследований в области сельского хозяйства и городского планирования, а также для предоставления информации дистанционного зондирования для региона вдоль "Пояса и пути".

Данная миссия - 279-й по счету запуск ракеты-носителя серии "Чанчжэн" /"Великий поход"/.

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CGWIC‏ @CGWIC 46 сек. назад

The Successful Launch of PRSS-1/PakTES-1A/LM-2C/SMA MISSION

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http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-07/09/c_137312041.htm

China Focus: China launches two satellites for Pakistan
Source: Xinhua | 2018-07-09 15:06:36 | Editor: ZX

JIUQUAN, July 9 (Xinhua) -- China launched two satellites for Pakistan on a Long March-2C rocket from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwest China at 11:56 a.m. Monday.

The PRSS-1 is China's first optical remote sensing satellite sold to Pakistan and the 17th satellite developed by the China Academy of Space Technology (CAST) for an overseas buyer.

A scientific experiment satellite, PakTES-1A, developed by Pakistan, was sent into orbit via the same rocket.

After entering orbit, the PRSS-1 is in good condition with its solar panels unfolded smoothly, according to CAST.

The PRSS-1 will be used for land and resources surveying, monitoring of natural disasters, agriculture research, urban construction and providing remote sensing information for the Belt and Road region.

The satellite, which has a designed life of seven years, is equipped with two panchromatic/multispectral cameras, with a resolution up to a meter and a coverage range of 60 km.

Designers say the two cameras are among the best exported remote sensing cameras made by China. They can be used to monitor plant diseases and pests.

Each camera has independent image processing, storage and transmission capability. The design of lossless compression could greatly improve the quality of the images, according to designers.

A specially designed orbit will ensure the satellite operates steadily and will optimize the image quality.

The satellite can turn at wide angles to enable the cameras to cover a wider range. The PRSS-1 has an information security design, and the data can be encrypted.

The data transmission system is a mature technology, which has been used in more than 20 Chinese satellites, said He Xinyang, vice president of the Xi'an branch of CAST.

When the satellite flies over Pakistan, it can send back real-time images, said Zhang Qian, a designer for the data transmission system.

When it exhausts its fuels and comes to the end of its life, it will be steered out of orbit and burned up in the atmosphere to avoid becoming space trash.

Monday's launch is the 279th mission of the Long March rocket series. Long March-2C rockets are mainly used to send satellites into low Earth or Sun-synchronous orbits.

It is another space cooperation between China and Pakistan since the launch of PAKSAT-1R, a communication satellite, in August 2011.

It is also the first international commercial launch for a Long March-2C rocket within nearly two decades after it carried Motorola's Iridium satellites into orbit in 1999.

Chinese and Pakistani engineers have cooperated closely in the development of the satellite. French space experts were invited to supervise the manufacturing of key parts.

Chinese space experts also helped train technologists from Pakistan on its operation.

China has previously manufactured two remote sensing satellites for Venezuela. Chinese space engineers implemented international standards in the production of PRSS-1, which will help expan

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http://russian.news.cn/2018-07/10/c_137313924.htm

Китай успешно запустил навигационный спутник "Бэйдоу-2"
2018-07-10 10:20:14丨Russian.News.Cn

Сичан, 10 июля /Синьхуа/ -- С китайского космодрома Сичан 10 июля в 04:58 с помощью ракеты-носителя "Чанчжэн-3А" /серия "Великий поход"/ был успешно запущен спутник "Бэйдоу-2" - 32-й спутник навигационной системы "Бэйдоу".

Сообщается, что в ближайшие два года Китай запустит два резервных спутника "Бэйдоу-2" с целью обеспечения стабильного повышения уровня услуг системы "Бэйдоу-2".

Спутник "Бэйдоу-2" и ракета-носитель "Чанчжэн-3А" были разработаны соответственно Китайским исследовательским институтом космических технологий и Китайским исследовательским институтом ракетной техники.

Данный запуск стал 280-м стартом ракет-носителей серии "Чанчжэн". -0-

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China Reveals First Commercial Medium-Lift Liquid-Propellant Rocket

CCTV+

Опубликовано: 7 июл. 2018 г.

China on Thursday revealed details of its first commercial medium-lift liquid-propellant carrier rocket, which is scheduled to make its maiden launch in 2020. http://www.cctvplus.com/news/20180706...

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China space program's "Super 2018"

New China TV

Опубликовано: 4 июл. 2018 г.

China has completed 18 space missions in the first half of this year, which equals the total of last year.

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http://russian.news.cn/2018-07/12/c_137320187.htm

Китай запустит во втором полугодии первый спутник своей глобальной системы спутниковой связи
2018-07-12 20:53:39丨Russian.News.Cn

Чанша, 12 июля /Синьхуа/ -- Китай запустит во втором полугодии первый спутник своей глобальной системы спутниковой связи, получившей название "Хунъянь" /"Сухонос"/. Об этом стало известно на проходящем в г. Чанша /провинция Хунань, Центральный Китай/ форуме по вопросам аэрокосмической и морской техники.

Образовывать систему "Хунъянь" будут несколько сотен низкоорбитальных спутников, связанных между собой межспутниковой линией связи /ISL/. Формирование каркаса спутниковой сети планируется завершить в 2023 году.

Система "Хунъянь" призвана оказывать в глобальном масштабе услуги по обеспечению мобильной связи и широкополосных коммуникаций, отметил директор Китайского института космических технологий Чжан Хунтай. Как он ожидает, эта система будет востребована, в частности, в связи с внедрением интернета вещей пятого поколения.

Институт космических технологий также работает над созданием коммерческих спутников дистанционного зондирования Земли с разрешением до 0,5 м, сообщил эксперт.

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http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-07/19/c_137335852.htm

China developing in-orbit satellite transport vehicle
Source: Xinhua | 2018-07-19 20:37:03 | Editor: Xiang Bo

BEIJING, July 19 (Xinhua) -- China is developing a space vehicle to help transport orbiting satellites that have run out of fuel, Science and Technology Daily reported Thursday.

Fuel is a key factor limiting the life of satellites. Most satellites function for years after entering orbit, but eventually, they have to end their missions and burn up into the atmosphere due to fuel exhaustion.

The vehicle is being developed by an academy affiliated to the China Aerospace Science and Industry Corp. The carrier, instead of refueling the satellite, will use a robotic arm to dock with it, and will then carry the satellite to maintain its original orbit.

Hu Di, the chief designer of the vehicle, said compared with foreign research that focuses on refueling satellites that have run out of fuel, their option is much simpler and efficient.

The vehicle will take about two years to complete.

On June 19 last year, China's communications satellite Zhongxing-9A failed to enter the preset orbit after launch. The satellite then took two weeks to conduct ten orbit adjustments to reach its correct orbit, resulting in large fuel consumption and a shortened working life.

Hu's team has listed Zhongxing-9A as a potential satellite on which to apply the new technology.

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https://ria.ru/science/20180719/1524950743.html

В Китае создают аппарат для транспортировки спутников без топлива

16:38 19.07.2018 (обновлено: 16:39 19.07.2018)

ПЕКИН, 19 июл – РИА Новости. Китайские ученые разрабатывают космический аппарат для транспортировки по орбите спутников, у которых закончилось топливо, таким образом специалисты намерены продлить срок службы спутников, пишет издание "Кэцзи жибао".

Топливо является важнейшим фактором, сокращающим срок эксплуатации спутника на орбите. Именно поэтому многие страны пытаются разработать дозаправщик для спутников. Ученые Китайской аэрокосмической научно-промышленной корпорации (CASIC) работают над проектом аппарата, который будет пристыковываться к спутнику и поддерживать его на заданной орбите.

По мнению главного конструктора аппарата Ху Ди, китайский проект является наиболее эффективным и простым способом отсрочить спутникам "выход на пенсию". В лаборатории аппарат уже прозвали "космическая скорая помощь", по предварительным оценкам, его создание займет еще около двух лет.

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Andrew Jones‏ @AJ_FI 2 ч. назад

Chinese rocket startup iSpace says it has performed a payload fairing separation test as part of development of its orbital Hyperbola-1Z launcher

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Andrew Jones‏ @AJ_FI 2 ч. назад

Parachute test, apparently for the Shijian-19 ('Practice-19') satellite...which could be a new generation of retrievable satellite (or something else entirely...)...carried out by the Beijing Institute of Space Mechanics and Electronics, which belongs to CAST.

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Синьхуа

http://russian.news.cn/2018-07/29/c_137355395.htm

Китай успешно запустил два навигационных спутника "Бэйдоу-3"
2018-07-29 14:49:54丨Russian.News.Cn

Сичан /пров. Сычуань/, 29 июля /Синьхуа/ -- В воскресенье Китай с помощью ракеты-носителя "Чанчжэн-3Б" /серия "Великий поход"/ вывел на орбиту два навигационных спутника "Бэйдоу-3".

Это девятый и десятый спутники, запущенные Китаем для спутниковой навигационной системы "Бэйдоу-3".

Запуск был произведен 29 июля в 09:48 по пекинскому времени с космодрома Сичан в юго-западной китайской провинции Сычуань. После более чем трехчасового полета спутники успешно вышли на рабочие орбиты.

К концу 2018 года Китай планирует запустить 18 спутников с целью предварительно сформировать систему "Бэйдоу-3". В приоритетном порядке система будет предоставлять услуги странам, расположенным вдоль "Пояса и пути".

Новые спутники и ракета-носитель "Чанчжэн-3Б" разработаны и изготовлены Китайским исследовательским институтом космических технологий и Китайским исследовательским институтом ракетной техники соответственно.

С учетом нынешнего запуска китайские ракеты-носители семейства "Чанчжэн" совершили 281 полет. -0-

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Andrew Jones‏ @AJ_FI 9 мин. назад

Looks like the return-to-flight of China's Long March 5 heavy-lift rocket will slip from ~November to January 2019. No idea if its a delay due to the new DFH-5 based Shijian 20 comms satellite, or the rocket itself. Nothing confirmed yet.

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http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-07/31/c_137359033.htm

China launches high-resolution Earth observation satellite
Source: Xinhua | 2018-07-31 12:11:50 | Editor: zh

TAIYUAN, July 31 (Xinhua) -- China on Tuesday launched Gaofen-11, an optical remote sensing satellite, as part of the country's high-resolution Earth observation project.

The Gaofen-11 satellite was launched on a Long March 4B rocket at 11 a.m. Beijing Time from the Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center in northern Shanxi Province. It was the 282nd flight mission by a Long March carrier rocket.

The satellite can be used for land survey, urban planning, road network design, agriculture, and disaster relief. Its data will also be used for the Belt and Road Initiative.

Since the Gaofen project began in 2010, China has gained an increasingly clearer view of the planet.

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http://russian.news.cn/2018-07/31/c_137359472.htm

Китай успешно запустил спутник наблюдения Земли с высоким разрешением
2018-07-31 16:29:55丨Russian.News.Cn

Тайюань, 31 июля /Синьхуа/ -- Китай во вторник успешно запустил оптический спутник дистанционного зондирования "Гаофэнь-11". По сообщению, космический аппарат был выведен на заданную орбиту.

Запуск данного спутника является одной из составляющей важного государственного научно-технического проекта по созданию системы наблюдения Земли с высоким разрешением.

Запуск был осуществлен с космодрома Тайюань в провинции Шаньси на севере Китая с помощью ракеты-носителя "Чанчжэн - 4Б" /"Long March - 4B" / в 11:00 по пекинскому времени. Это 282-я по счету миссия ракет-носителей серии "Чанчжэн".

Спутник предназначен, главным образом, для детального обследования территории государства, городского планирования, проектирования дорожной сети, оценки урожая сельхозкультур и минимизации последствий стихийных бедствий.

Спутник также будет предоставлять информационное обеспечение для реализации инициативы "Пояс и путь" и работы в области модернизации государственной обороны. -0-

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China Launches High-resolution Earth Observation Satellite

CCTV+

Опубликовано: 31 июл. 2018 г.
3 часа назад

China on Tuesday launched Gaofen-11, an optical remote sensing satellite, as part of the country's high-resolution Earth observation project.

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https://spacenews.com/china-completes-22nd-launch-this-year-with-gaofen-11-matches-national-record/

China completes 22nd launch this year with Gaofen-11, matches national record
by Andrew Jones — July 31, 2018


A Long March 4B carrying the Gaofen-11 satellite lifts off from Taiyuan 11:00 p.m. Eastern on July 30. Credit: CCTV/frame grab

HELSINKI, Finland — China launched an Earth observation satellite July 30, seeing the country equal its record for launches in a calendar year with 22.

A three-stage Long March 4B lifted off from the Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center in northern China at 11:00 p.m. Eastern Monday, carrying the Gaofen-11 satellite into a Sun-synchronous orbit.

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The China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (CASC), the main contractor for the space program, confirmed both the launch and its success just over half an hour after liftoff.

Gaofen-11, a sub-meter resolution optical satellite, will become part of the China High-resolution Earth Observation System (CHEOS), initiated in 2010 to provide all-weather, all-day coverage by 2020 with optical and synthetic aperture radar satellites, and could also include airborne and near-space systems such as stratospheric balloons.

Gaofen-11 was developed by the China Academy of Space Technology (CAST), a spacecraft and satellite maker under CASC, but few details on its capabilities have been released.

Chinese state media report that the Gaofen-11 satellite will be used for land surveys, urban planning, road network design, agriculture, and disaster relief, while its data will also be used for the country's Belt and Road international trade and infrastructure initiative.

The satellite is the sixth in the Gaofen series launched this year, following a triplet of Gaofen-1 satellites, and the larger Gaofen-5 and -6, all placed in Sun-synchronous orbits. The series, which means "high resolution" in Chinese, also includes one geosynchronous satellite, Gaofen-4, launched in 2015. Gaofen-7 could also be launched to SSO before the end of the year.

The Gaofen-11 launch was the 63rd launch worldwide in 2018 and also sees China draw level with its record of 22 launches, set in 2016, which included one failure and another partial failure. The failure in August 2016 prevented the Gaofen-10 satellite from reaching orbit due to an issue with the third stage of the Long March 4C rocket.

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Dual Beidou launch

Спойлер

The launch followed a weekend mission which saw two Beidou satellites successfully sent into medium Earth orbits as part of the Beidou global navigation and positioning system, a Chinese answer to the GPS, GLONASS and Galileo systems developed by the U.S., Russia and Europe respectively.

The Long March 3B with a Yuanzheng-1Z upper stage lifted off from Xichang in the southwest of the country at 9:48 p.m. Eastern on Saturday, July 28, sending the satellites directly into 55-degree inclined medium Earth orbits at around 22,000 kilometers altitude.

The satellites — the eighth and ninth Beidou system satellites launched in 2018 — are the 33rd and 34th overall. The first Beidou satellite was sent into orbit in 2000.

Further Beidou launches are expected from Xichang in the coming months as China seeks to complete the system of 35 active satellites by 2020.

Along with civilian uses such as navigation and positioning, Beidou will also provide weapons targeting, guidance and other services for the People's Liberation Army.

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China's record-setting 2018

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CASC is aiming to launch around 35 times in 2018 and appears on course to get close to this number with five months to go, having succeeded with all 22 of its missions so far.

China's 2018 launch manifest is partly made up of missions delayed by a near three-month cessation of launch activities last year, following the failure of the second Long March 5 heavy lift rocket.

An issue with the first stage engines meant the launch vehicle failed to reach orbit on July 2, 2017, prompting an investigation and engine redesign. The return-to-flight of the Long March 5 was scheduled for late this year, but that may now slip into 2019.

Dependent on the success of the launch are two major 2019 missions: the Chang'e-5 lunar sample return on the fourth Long March 5 and the test flight of the Long March 5B variant, which is designed for lofting the 20-metric-ton modules of the planned Chinese Space Station into low Earth orbit.

Late 2018 will see the Long March 3B launch of the Chang'e-4 lunar mission which will attempt the first-ever soft-landing on the far side of the Moon which, due to tidal locking, never faces the Earth. A relay satellite named Queqiao was launched to the second Earth-Moon Lagrange point beyond the Moon in May and will facilitate communications between the Chang'e-4 lunar lander, rover and ground stations on Earth.

Additionally, private rocket companies Onespace and Landspace, two startups which have emerged since a Chinese policy shift in 2014, will also aim to perform their first orbital launches in late 2018. Expace, a nominally private launch provider tied to China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation, the state-owned missile maker and defense giant, is also expected to launch a number of commercial satellites this year using its Kuaizhou solid propellant rockets.

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