Марсианская Вечная Мерзлота имени РОНАТУ

[korund]

И никакой там мерзлоты

[Дмитрий Виницкий]

Корунд, вы ясней выражаться можете? Что выглядит как? На Церере нет мерзлоты? Возможно. Или на Марсе нет ледяной коры? :wink:

[korund]

Марс в разрезе выглядит так же, только пропорции другие.

[Дмитрий Виницкий]

Вам было божественное откровение? На чём основаны столь смелые "гипотезы"?

[Старый]

Tak go/\>keH 6bI/\ BbIr/\RgeTb OKEAH CTAPOro...



   

Да!

[Зомби. Просто Зомби]

А я уже говорил, что он просто планеты перепутал
И не мудрено: она выглядит вполне как Марс, издали :mrgreen:

[ronatu]

А я уже говорил, что он просто планеты перепутал
И не мудрено: она выглядит вполне как Марс, издали :mrgreen:

:!:  :!:

[ronatu]

Recent Rivers on the Red Planet
By Jackie Grom
ScienceNOW Daily News
12 May 2009

Apart from two wandering rovers, there's not much going on the martian surface these days. In fact, scientists believe the planet has been relatively dead for the past 3.5 billion years. But new research suggests that in at least one place, water gushed over Mars's surface less than 1 billion years ago. The finding increases the likelihood that life may have existed relatively recently there.

In 2004, the twin Mars rovers, Spirit and Opportunity, confirmed scientists' suspicions that water covered much of the martian surface from about 4.5 to 3.75 billion years ago, when it was a much warmer planet (ScienceNOW, 16 December 2004). After that time, Mars cooled down and dried up. Scientists have found evidence of flowing water, as revealed by gullies that formed over the past few million years (ScienceNOW, 22 June 2000), but the amount of water has been relatively small, and where the water came from is still unknown. Now researchers have evidence that rivers, tens of kilometers in length and about 250 meters across, carved valleys up to 20 meters deep across the martian landscape.

Planetary geologist Jay Dickson of Brown University and colleagues looked at a 7000-meter-deep depression in the martian surface known as the Lyot crater. Situated at about the same latitude as southern Canada in Mars's northern hemisphere, the crater contains buried glaciers and has a current average temperature of –16°C.

But its location in the mid-latitudes could have seen temperatures up to 15°C during times when Mars was tilted more toward the sun than it is today, Dickson says. And because the crater is so deep, the atmospheric pressure is high enough to allow ice to melt, instead of turning into a vapor as it typically does over the rest of the planet.

Using high-resolution images from the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, a spacecraft that orbits the planet, Dickson's group zoomed in on the eastern half of the crater and discovered about 20 winding valleys and a number of deposited materials typically found at the end of rivers. Counting the number of impact craters on the surface (the older the surface, the more impact craters it will have), the researchers managed to date the surface to about 1 billion years old. That means that the rivers must have formed after this time, the team reports in the last issue of Geophysical Research Letters. Because water was there relatively recently, the river valleys might also be a good place to look for evidence of life, Dickson says......

http://sciencenow.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/2009/512/2

[ronatu]

...Peter Smith, the principal investigator on the Mars mission, said several major discoveries were made once all the data was collected and analyzed by the team - the biggest of which was the discovery of ice.

"We went there because we were told that in the northern plains there was a lot of ice, but we never knew for sure that we would land on the ice," Smith said. "Discovering the ice at our landing site was a big deal for us."

The ice that was found by the Lander was about two or three inches below the ground, Smith said. Later in the mission, snow began to fall and the team found ice crystals.

"You've got ice on the top of the ground, ice underneath the ground ... sort of a sandwich, like a reverse Oreo cookie, and in between there's materials that form in liquid water," he said. "So draw your own conclusion, but it's very likely that this has been a wet place in the past and perhaps habitable."

The soil on Mars also has interesting chemicals in it that suggest the planet at one time was capable of sustaining life.

"There's calcium carbonate which is limestone and that forms in liquid water, so clearly it didn't form in ice ... somehow the soil was wet," Smith said. "We think that perhaps 100,000 years ago it was wet enough that this might have been a habitable zone."

According to Smith, in order for a planet to be habitable it must have water, nutrients and a food source.

"We found something called perchlorate which microbes on the earth sometimes use as a food source," he said. "That was very unexpected and a big discovery."

These important discoveries on Mars led the Phoenix Mars Lander team to receive several awards for their work.

Among others, the team received the 2009 John L. "Jack" Swigert Jr. Award for Space Exploration as well as The Cullum Geographical Medal from the American Geographical Society, which puts them in the same ranking as the explorers who discovered the North and South poles.

...

http://media.wildcat.arizona.edu/media/storage/paper997/news/2009/05/13/News/Mars-Mission.Finds.Evidence.Of.Water-3740828.shtml

[ronatu]

DyMaeTe eTO Mapc?

ETo Вечная мерзлота в Канаде с высоты птичьего полета. Фото пользователя Mbz1 с сайта wikipedia.org

[ronatu]

A view of Mars as it might have appeared more than 2 billion years ago, with a low-latitude ocean filling the lowland basin that now occupies the north polar region.

Topographic deformation of features that ring the basin, which are hypothesized to be shorelines formed by an ancient ocean, suggests that Mars experienced significant true polar wander--reorientation of the planet relative to its rotation axis--that brought the planet into its present rotational state.

The margins of the ocean shown here account for the topographic deformation that would have resulted from this reorientation. Sinuous features near the top of the image are valleys carved by large floods that may have supplied the ocean water.

The image was generated using Viking Orbiter images and topographic data from the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter on board the Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft.
Credit: Taylor Perron/UC Berkeley



http://www.spacedaily.com/reports/Wandering_Poles_Could_Explain_Ups_And_Downs_Of_Ancient_Martian_Shoreline_999.html

[KBOB]

A view of Mars as it might have appeared more than 2 billion years ago, with a low-latitude ocean filling the lowland basin that now occupies the north polar region.

Topographic deformation of features that ring the basin, which are hypothesized to be shorelines formed by an ancient ocean, suggests that Mars experienced significant true polar wander--reorientation of the planet relative to its rotation axis--that brought the planet into its present rotational state.

The margins of the ocean shown here account for the topographic deformation that would have resulted from this reorientation. Sinuous features near the top of the image are valleys carved by large floods that may have supplied the ocean water.

The image was generated using Viking Orbiter images and topographic data from the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter on board the Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft.
Credit: Taylor Perron/UC Berkeley



http://www.spacedaily.com/reports/Wandering_Poles_Could_Explain_Ups_And_Downs_Of_Ancient_Martian_Shoreline_999.html

Это вроде старая теория о повороте оси вращения Марса и деформации береговой линии. Или что-то новенькое появилось?

[ronatu]

.....В рамках исследования специалисты изучили данные, собранные аппаратом Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO), в частности, его камерой высокого разрешения HiRISE (High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment). На снимках, сделанных этой камерой, геологам удалось обнаружить следы таяния вечной мерзлоты в долинах Атабаска на Марсе.

Следы представляют собой прямоугольные области, которые покрывают поверхность планеты в этом районе. Они появились в результате многочисленных циклов замораживания и оттаивания вечной мерзлоты, которые продолжались до недавнего времени. Ранее исследователи предполагали, что данные следы являются следствием вулканической активности.

Ученые считают, что мерзлота таяла на Красной планете еще примерно 2-8 миллионов лет назад.

Это исследование хорошо согласуется с недавним анализом марсианских оврагов, проведенным по фотографиям, также полученным камерой HiRISE. Тогда исследователи установили, что овраги являются результатом течения по поверхности Марса жидкой воды. Анализ снимков позволил установить, что возраст некоторых каналов не превосходит 1,25 миллиона лет. .....


http://lenta.ru/news/2009/06/30/mars/

[ronatu]

Старый, надо учиться у более старых - здесь я привел кандидатов в грязевые вулканы на Марсе. И их только в одной области насчитали уже 18000.

The Mud Volcanoes shown here, located in the Southern Acidalia Planitia, range in size between 20 and 500 meters in diameter. Credit: NASA/JPL/University of Arizona

http://www.physorg.com/news201452152.html

After mapping more than 18,000 mud-volcano-like structures in Acidalia Planitia located in the northern plains of Mars, Oehler and Allen believe it is one of the best places to search for traces of life.

Credit: U.S. Geological Survey/ NASA/ D. Oehler

[Старый]

Старый, надо учиться у более старых - здесь я привел кандидатов в грязевые вулканы на Марсе. И их только в одной области насчитали уже 18000.

Ну ничего, подождём пока распространят на все остальные. В динамике надо смотреть, диалектически. Ситуацию надо видеть в развитии. И в каком направлении развивается ситуация?

[ronatu]

...Вообще нафига нужны эти грязевые вулканы?...

Они не нужны - они факт.
Этот факт показывает наличие вечно мерзлого слоя из льда-воды перемешанных с породами и разогреваемых внутренним теплом планеты.
Причем грязевые вулканы и причины их порождающие весьма распространены на Марсе.
Весьма.

А размеры их не слабые - от сотен метров до километров в поперечнике

[ronatu]

Старый, надо учиться у более старых - здесь я привел кандидатов в грязевые вулканы на Марсе. И их только в одной области насчитали уже 18000.

Ну ничего, подождём пока распространят на все остальные. В динамике надо смотреть, диалектически. Ситуацию надо видеть в развитии. И в каком направлении развивается ситуация?

Идет накопление информации. Через 2 года очень многое проясниться. И перейдет из разряда предположений в разряд знаний... :wink:

[ronatu]

Possible Mud Volcanoes on Mars
Credit: HiRISE, MRO, LPL (U. Arizona), NASA

Explanation: Is this a mud volcano on Mars?

If so, could it be dredging up martian microbes?

This strange possibility has been suggested recently and seems to fit several recent observations of Mars.

First of all, hills like this seem to better resemble mud volcanoes on Earth than lava volcanoes and impact craters on Mars.
Next, the pictured dome has an unusually textured surface consistent with fractured ice.

Infrared images from space indicate that hills like this cool more quickly than surrounding rock, consistent with a dried mud composition.

The hills also reflect colors consistent with a composition that formed in the presence of water.

Finally, unusual plumes of gas containing methane have been found on Mars with unknown origin.

These gas plumes could conceivably have been liberated by mud volcanoes, were the initially warm mud to contain methane-producing microbes drifting in a previously unobservable underground lake.

A candidate mud volcano over 100 meters across is pictured above in the northern plains of Mars.

[Yurdel]

DyMaeTe eTO Mapc?
ETo Вечная мерзлота в Канаде с высоты птичьего полета. Фото пользователя Mbz1 с сайта wikipedia.org

Это проявления Вечной мерзлоты в Якутии с окна автомобиля. Фото Yurdel.

[Yurdel]

еще одна картина по Саха-Якутии:

   Правда не по теме, - это настоящий потухший вулкан. Но на вечной мерзлоте .