Новости МКС

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http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Human_Spaceflight/International_Space_Station/Paolo_Nespoli_returns_to_Earth

Paolo Nespoli returns to Earth

ESA astronaut Paolo Nespoli will return to Earth on 14 December after his third mission to the International Space Station. Paolo and crewmates Randy Bresnik of NASA and Sergei Ryazansky of Roscosmos will return in their Soyuz MS-05 spacecraft. Watch the events from farewell to touchdown live by tuning in at these times:
 

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• 01:30 GMT (02:30 CET): farewells and hatch closure. Hatch closure scheduled for 02:00 GMT (03:00 CET)
• 04:30 GMT (05:30 CET): undocking of Soyuz MS-05 spacecraft. Undocking scheduled for 05:16 GMT (06:16 CET)
• 07:00 GMT (08:00 CET): reentry and landing coverage. First thruster firing to brake and reenter atmosphere scheduled for 07:44 GMT (08:44 CET). Touchdown in Kazakhstan expected at 08:38 GMT (09:38 CET)
  

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The ride home from the International Space Station will see the trio brake from 28 800 km/h to a standstill at touchdown in barely three hours.

Paolo completed more than 60 experiments during his Vita mission, which stands for Vitality, Innovation, Technology and Ability.

His body was itself an arena for research: his eyes, headaches, sleeping patterns and eating habits were monitored to learn more about how humans adapt to life in space.

Temperature recordings, muscle exercises and plenty of blood and saliva samples will add to the picture and prepare humans for missions further from Earth.



Last update: 12 December 2017

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SpaceX‏Подлинная учетная запись @SpaceX 34 мин назад

Taking additional time for the team to conduct full inspections and cleanings due to detection of particles in 2nd stage fuel system. Now targeting CRS-13 launch from SLC-40 on Dec. 15. Next launch opportunity would be no earlier than late December.

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https://blogs.nasa.gov/spacestation/2017/12/12/station-gets-ready-to-swap-two-crews-in-five-days/

Mark Garcia
Posted on December 12, 2017

Station Gets Ready to Swap Two Crews in Five Days


Expedition 52-53 crew members (from left) Paolo Nespoli, Sergey Ryazanskiy and Randy Bresnik are suited up for a test run of their Soyuz undocking and landing.

The Expedition 53 crew is getting ready to split up Thursday morning before another crew begins its mission next week. Soyuz Commander Sergey Ryazanskiy will pilot his crew mates Randy Bresnik of NASA and Paolo Nespoli of the European Space Agency in the Soyuz MS-05 spacecraft back to Earth after 139 days in space. The trio is scheduled to undock from the Rassvet module at 12:14 a.m. Thursday and parachute to a landing in Kazakhstan at 3:38 a.m.

New Expedition 54 Commander Alexander Misurkin will stay onboard the orbital laboratory with Flight Engineers Joe Acaba and Mark Vande Hei of NASA until March. The trio have been onboard the station since Sept. 12 and will welcome a new set of crewmates next week when the Soyuz MS-07 crew ship arrives.

The next space travelers to board the station will be veteran cosmonaut Anton Shkaplerov of Roscosmos and new astronauts Scott Tingle of NASA and Norishige Kanai of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency. They are the Expedition 54-55 crew and are in Kazakhstan in final training ahead of their launch Sunday at 2:21 a.m. Shkaplerov, flanked by Tingle and Kanai, will take a two-day trip inside the Soyuz to the station before docking Tuesday at 3:43 a.m. for a four-month stay at the station.

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https://blogs.nasa.gov/kennedy/2017/12/12/spacex-crs-13-update-launch-no-earlier-than-dec-15/

Anna Heiney
Posted on December 12, 2017

SpaceX CRS-13 Update: Launch No Earlier Than Dec. 15

NASA and SpaceX are now targeting no earlier than 10:35 a.m. EST Friday, Dec. 15, for the company's 13th commercial resupply services mission to the International Space Station. SpaceX is taking additional time for the team to conduct full inspections and cleanings due to detection of particles in the second stage fuel system. The next launch opportunity would be no earlier than late December.

A Dragon spacecraft will launch atop a Falcon 9 rocket from Space Launch Complex 40 at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida. Dragon is now scheduled to arrive at the space station on Sunday, Dec. 17.

On Sunday, Scott Tingle of NASA, Anton Shkaplerov of Roscosmos and Norishige Kanai of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency are also scheduled to launch at 2:21 a.m. (1:21 p.m. Baikonur time) from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan to the International Space Station.

NASA Television coverage for launch and arrival activities are as follows:

Friday, Dec. 15

 ● 10 a.m. – Launch commentary coverage begins
 ● 12 p.m. – Post-launch news conference with representatives from NASA's International Space Station Program and SpaceX

Sunday, Dec. 17

 ● 1:15 a.m. – Soyuz MS-07 launch coverage begins
 ● 4:30 a.m. – Dragon rendezvous at the space station and capture coverage begins
 ● 7:30 a.m. – Installation coverage begins

Watch live on NASA Television and the agency's website: www.nasa.gov/live.

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https://spaceflightnow.com/2017/12/13/spacex-cargo-launch-slips-to-friday-allowing-for-additional-rocket-inspections/

SpaceX cargo launch slips to Friday, allowing for additional rocket inspections
December 13, 2017 Stephen Clark


SpaceX's mission patch for the CRS-13 cargo mission. Credit: SpaceX

SpaceX has delayed liftoff of its next cargo ship bound for the International Space Station until Friday, setting up a one-shot attempt to launch the commercial supply carrier from Cape Canaveral before a potential slip to late December due to high solar angles in orbit.

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The company confirmed multiple reports that the flight would be pushed back until Friday in a tweet Tuesday evening, blaming the delay on the discovery of unexpected particles in the Falcon 9 rocket's second stage fuel system.

"Taking additional time for the team to conduct full inspections and cleanings due to detection of particles in 2nd stage fuel system," the company tweeted. "Now targeting CRS-13 launch from SLC-40 on Dec. 15. Next launch opportunity would be no earlier than late December."

SpaceX's 13th resupply launch to the International Space Station, known as CRS-13, is set to deliver 4,861 pounds (2,205 kilograms) of cargo and experiments to the research outpost, including biomedical investigations and scientific instruments to study the sun's total energy output and space junk in the space station's orbit.

Liftoff from Cape Canaveral's Complex 40 launch pad Friday is set for 10:35 a.m. EST (1535 GMT), roughly the moment Florida's Space Coast rotates under the space station's orbital plane.

The launch was set for Tuesday, but SpaceX announced a one-day delay Monday night to give workers additional time for pre-launch ground system checks.

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Assuming the robotic cargo mission takes off Friday, the Dragon capsule should arrive at the space station Sunday. Capture of the automated cargo carrier by the space station's Canadian-built robotic arm is expected at 6 a.m. EST (1100 GMT), less than four hours after three new crew members heading for the outpost are scheduled to launch from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.

The fresh residents, led by Soyuz commander Anton Shkaplerov, will fly to the station inside the Russian Soyuz MS-07 spacecraft. Shkaplerov, a veteran Russian cosmonaut, will be joined by two spaceflight rookies: NASA astronaut Scott Tingle and Japanese flight engineer Norishige Kanai.

The trio will dock to the space station two days after launch on Dec. 19, replacing a three-man crew preparing to return to Earth this week.

The Soyus MS-05 capsule will bring home Russian cosmonaut Sergey Ryazanskiy, European Space Agency astronaut Paolo Nespoli and outgoing Expedition 53 commander Randy Bresnik, aiming for landing on the Kazakh steppe at 3:38 a.m. EST (0838 GMT; 2:38 p.m. Kazakh time) Thursday, a few hours after departing the station.

If SpaceX is forced to delay the cargo launch again, the next chance to send the supply shipment to the space station will not come until late December. A period of constant sunlight in the space station's orbit, known as a high solar beta angle, will prevent the outpost from receiving the Dragon cargo craft.

"In a high solar beta, or a high solar angle regime, basically the ISS doesn't see a sunset or a sunrise," said Kirk Shireman, NASA's space station program manager, in a briefing with reporters Monday. "It's basically one long, long day, and it puts a lot of thermal constraints on the vehicle, so we try to avoid critical operations — dynamic operations — like spacewalks and vehicle dockings and undockings during this high solar beta."

Shireman said launch opportunities could open back up for SpaceX around Dec. 25, but it's not clear if SpaceX or NASA would attempt to launch the mission on Christmas Day.

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Intl. Space Station‏Подлинная учетная запись @Space_Station 5 ч. назад

Three crew members are returning to Earth after 139 days in space. Got questions? Use #AskNASA and we'll try to answer them during live @NASA TV coverage late Wednesday and early Thursday. https://www.nasa.gov/live 

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Символический ключ от станции - у нового командира!

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ЦЭНКИ. Трансляция посадки Союз МС-05

http://www.russian.space/306/

Прямая трансляция посадки спускаемого аппарата ТПК "Союз МС-05"

начало трансляции:			14 декабря 2017 05:00:00 (Московское время)
окончание трансляции:			14 декабря 2017 12:40:00 (Московское время)

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http://spaceflight101.com/soyuz-ms-05/soyuz-ms-05-landing-preview/

Soyuz MS-05 with Three-Nation Crew Targets Thursday Landing in Freezing Kazakh Steppe
December 13, 2017


Photo: NASA

Three International Space Station crew members from Russia, Italy and the U.S. are on the verge of closing out a four-and-a-half month space flight, set for a parachute-and-rocket-assisted touchdown in the Kazakh steppe on Thursday aboard their Soyuz MS-05 spacecraft.

Спойлер

Sergey Ryazanskiy of Roscosmos, ESA's Paolo Nespoli and NASA Astronaut Randy Bresnik have finished preparations for their homecoming after 138 days aboard the Space Station and are ready to depart the complex Wednesday night for a brief free-flight ahead of a rocket-powered braking maneuver to set the stage for landing in frigid weather with temperatures expected below -10° Celsius in the designated landing area in south-central Kazakhstan – a stark contrast to the crew's last contact with Earth's climate when departing on a warm summer night.

>> Live Landing Coverage

The crew's return will begin with the closure of the hatches between the Soyuz capsule and the International Space Station at 2:00 UTC on Thursday morning that will set in motion the final preparatory steps for the spring-loaded undocking of the seven-metric ton spacecraft at 5:14 UTC.


Photo: NASA

Drifting away from the International Space Station, Soyuz will fire its engines to speed up its departure and, over the course of one and a half laps around Earth, open up a sufficient gap for the deorbit burn – a 4.5-minute braking maneuver planned at 7:44 UTC to place the spacecraft on a downward arc intercepting the atmosphere over the Middle East for a blazing re-entry. Suspended under its large orange-and-white main chute, Soyuz is planned to touch down at 8:38 UTC near the remote town of Zhezkazgan after a mission of 138 days and 16 hours.

Soyuz MS-05, the 134th mission of a Soyuz spacecraft, lifted off from Kazakhstan's Baikonur Cosmodrome in the evening hours of July 28 after a month-long delay due to a technical problem on an earlier Soyuz mission that necessitated a swap between Soyuz vehicles and caused delays to subsequent missions that had to wait for spacecraft to finish production.


Expedition 53 – Photo: NASA

Arriving at ISS six hours after launch, second-time Soyuz fliers Sergey Ryazanskiy and Paolo Nespoli along with Space Shuttle veteran Randy Bresnik were welcomed by the Expedition 52 crew of Fyodor Yurchikhin, Peggy Whitson and Jack Fischer for a month-long handover. The six-member Expedition 52 crew supported the arrival of the Dragon SpX-12 cargo spacecraft and Yurchikhin and Ryazansky stepped outside on August 17 for a spacewalk dedicated to the release of CubeSats and the installation of experiments outside the Russian ISS segment.

Whitson who had spent over ten months in space and her landing crew mates Yurchikhin and Fischer bid farewell on September 3rd. Transitioning into Expedition 53, ISS Commander Randy Bresnik and his Flight Engineers had ISS to themselves for ten days before Aleksandr Misurkin, Mark Vande Hei and Joe Acaba arrived aboard Soyuz MS-06. The crew primarily focused on over 300 active studies aboard the orbiting laboratory, in part enabled by the addition of a fourth U.S. Segment crew member after Russia reduced its permanent ISS crew to two.


Photo: NASA

Three spacewalks were carried out in October – Randy Bresnik was the lead spacewalker for all three and was joined by Vande Hei for the first two and by Acaba for the third excursion. These spacewalks were primarily dedicated to the replacement of one of two Latching End Effectors on the Station's Canadarm2 and some external outfitting tasks including the installation of HD cameras and preparatory steps for future equipment replacements.

With the mission of Soyuz MS-05 approaching its end, Ryazanskiy, Bresnik and Nespoli began stepping up their daily exercise sessions to prepare for the return to gravity while the Soyuz spacecraft completed a series of mandatory checkouts including a thruster test to ensure the craft is ready to fly on its own again after spending over four months at ISS. The three crew members completed leak checks of their Sokol launch and entry suits and verified a good fit of their seats inside the Soyuz that will be tasked with absorbing some of the shock at touchdown.


ISS Change of Command – Photo: NASA TV

Procedure reviews for landing scenarios in nominal and contingency modes were also on tap for the crew and they began packing return items into the Soyuz Entry Module while loading the Orbital Module with disposal items. External surveys of the Soyuz took advantage of the HD still and video cameras installed outside ISS starting in 2016, providing close-up views of areas of interest for visual confirmation of vehicle health.

The six members of ISS Expedition 53 gathered Wednesday morning for the traditional change of command ceremony as Randy Bresnik handed the reigns over ISS to veteran Cosmonaut Aleksandr Misurkin who will lead Expedition 54 that formally starts at the moment Soyuz MS-05 departs the complex.

It will only be a short period of three-crew operations for Misurkin, Vande Hei and Acaba as the next Soyuz spacecraft is already being integrated with its Soyuz FG launch vehicle, targeting liftoff from Baikonur on Sunday to bring Anton Shkaplerov, Scott Tingle and Norishige Kanai to ISS before the holidays. Squeezing between the launch and docking of Soyuz MS-07 will be the Dragon SpX-13 cargo spacecraft, provided its latest launch target of December 15 can hold after the mission suffered repeat delays this week.

Soyuz Return Profile

Photo: NASA

After the Change of Command Ceremony, the six Expedition 53 crew members will be able to enjoy several hours of rest before final return preparations begin for the Soyuz MS-05 trio – starting with the activation of the Soyuz spacecraft, a final round of communication checks through Russian ground stations and an upd ate to the entry timeline based on the latest trajectory update from Mission Control.

Once hatches on both sides of the interface are closed, the crew will command the vestibule area between the Rassvet module and Soyuz to depressurize for an hour of leak checks. While keeping an eye on pressure measurements, the returning crew members will put on their Sokol Launch and Entry Suits and close out the Orbital Module by tying down loose items and deactivating systems.

Taking their positions in the small Entry Module, Sergey Ryazanskiy will enter the center seat with Randy Bresnik to his left and Paolo Nespoli to the right with both Ryazanskiy and Nespoli gearing up for their second Soyuz landing and Bresnik preparing for his first return aboard Soyuz after completing his first spaceflight on the Space Shuttle. Once in their seats, the crew will complete leak checks on their suits, verify the integrity of the internal Soyuz hatch and press into final flight control system setup.

Hooks on the Rassvet Module will open up well ahead of undocking so that Soyuz is only held in place by its own hooks. The docking mechanism will power up five minutes prior to undocking and the Space Station will move into a Fine Attitude Hold mode with thrusters disabled to be as still as possible for the demating sequence.


Photo: NASA

The undocking command will be issued 90 seconds prior to the target undocking time of 5:14:30 UTC to enable the hooks to open and break the structural connection between Soyuz and ISS that was in place for over to 138 days. When hooks are open, loaded springs will push off ISS with 300 Kilogram-force, initiating a slow opening rate of 0.1 meter per second.

Slowly drifting away from ISS, Soyuz MS-05 will enable active thruster control but remain in a passive state for two minutes to open up a sufficient gap for the separation burn expected two minutes after separation to increase the departure rate of the spacecraft. Departing the Station along the velocity vector, Soyuz will enter two and a half hours of free flight to open a gap of around 12 Kilometers prior to the deorbit burn.

Soyuz will flip into a tail-first orientation and open up a protective cover shielding the SKD propulsion system to clear the way for ignition of the 300 Kilogram-force S5.80 main engine at 07:44:59 UTC on a burn of 4 minutes and 40 seconds.

>> Soyuz Landing Timeline


Mobilization of Recovery Forces in freezing conditions – Photo: Reid Wiseman

Hitting the brakes, Soyuz will slow down by 128 meters per second to transition from an orbital trajectory to a sub-orbital path that intercepts the atmosphere at a precise location to enable Soyuz to land in Kazakhstan. Upon completion of the critical deorbit burn, the crew will close their helmets and the Orbital Module will open a valve to vent down to the vacuum of space to se t up for the pyrotechnic separation of the three sections of the Soyuz once crossing 140 Kilometers in altitude, passing over the Red Sea on a north-easterly heading.

With the Orbital and Service Modules on their way toward a destructive entry, the Entry Module will fire up its thrusters to face its heat shield forward in preparation for Entry Interface at 08:15:07 UTC as it descends through 100 Kilometers over the border of Iraq and Iran – starting the 23-minute process of slowing down from 7.6 Kilometers per second to a complete stop.

The Entry Module will stick to a pre-programmed orientation for the first minute and a half of re-entry before pressing into active guidance to take the spacecraft through a series of bank maneuvers to bleed off energy while also controlling its downrange travel distance by modifying lift.


Photo: NASA (File Image)

Blazing through the atmosphere, Soyuz will be immersed in plasma with its windows glowing bright yellow and the heat shield slowly burning away to fulfill its function by creating a boundary layer between the spacecraft and the extremely hot shockwave layer of crushed air in front of the capsule. Emerging from the plasma, the crew will pull up to five Gs when passing through 33 Kilometers in altitude, decelerating rapidly toward the planned parachute opening point.

Soyuz slows to a speed of around 218 meters per second for the opening of the parachutes 10.8 Kilometers in altitude – starting with a pair of Pilot Chutes that are ejected to pull out the larger Drogue Chute tasked with slowing the vehicle from 0.7 times the speed of sound to around 80 meters per second. As Soyuz passes 7.5 Kilometers in altitude, the large orange-and-white main chute will unfold to further slow the spacecraft and put it into a vertical descent toward the landing point.

The automated landing program – starting around 5.5km in altitude – takes the Soyuz through a final series of steps to get ready for touchdown, dropping the heat shield to expose the landing thrusters and altimeter, re-hooking the spacecraft to a symmetrical arrangement under the chute, jettisoning the blackened window covers and equalizing the cabin pressure. By that point, the crew will be keeping their heads down in anticipation of the great finale of their return to Earth.

Touchdown is expected at 8:38:28 UTC in the Southern Landing Zone located 147 Kilometers south-east of the town of Zhezkazgan. Recovery forces in helicopters and ground-based vehicles will begin descending on the landing site to assist the returned crew members out of their capsule to be then seated in reclining chairs or directly enter a medical tent depending on the weather conditions at the landing site.

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NASA Space Station Astronaut Discusses Life in Space with Washington State Students

NASA Video

Опубликовано: 12 дек. 2017 г.

Aboard the International Space Station, Expedition 53 Flight Engineer Mark Vande Hei of NASA discussed life and work aboard the complex during an in-flight question and answer session Dec. 12 with a variety of students representing schools in Washington, including students from the Steve Luther Elementary School in Lakebay, Washington. Vande Hei is in the midst of a five-month mission on the station, conducting research involving hundreds of experiments from international investigators.

(22:09)

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https://blogs.nasa.gov/stationreport/2017/12/12/iss-daily-summary-report-12122017/

HQ
Posted on December 12, 2017

ISS Daily Summary Report – 12/12/2017

NanoRacks Vuze (One Strange Rock) Camera Operations in the Service Module:

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The crew used the NanoRacks Vuze camera to record 3-Dementional 360-degree videos inside of the ISS. The handheld camera was used in the USOS and Russian Segment to capture long corridor footage to give the viewer a 3D perspective of floating through the ISS. The mounted camera captured "a day in the life" style footage of the crew as they conduct their nominal tasks. The National Geographic Channel–Virtual Reality Educational Video for Television Series–"One Strange Rock" (One Strange Rock Virtual Reality) is a 10-part series that transports a virtual reality camera to the ISS for recording of a National Geographic special on the Earth as a natural life-support system. The crew aboard the ISS records a series of virtual reality pieces for incorporation into a larger documentary about natural history and the solar system. Each episode features a different crewmember and addresses different topics using next generation virtual reality technology to raise awareness about the Earth system and the space program.

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Dose Distribution Inside the International Space Station – 3D (DOSIS-3D):

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Today the crew de-installed DOSIS 3D passive detectors and handed them over to a Russian crewmember for packing in the returning 51S Soyuz vehicle. DOSIS-3D uses several active and passive detectors to determine the radiation doses inside the ISS. The goal is a three-dimensional radiation map covering all sections of the ISS.

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Multi-Omics Sample Collections:

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A 52S crewmember conducted fecal sample collections for the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) Multi-Omics experiment. The samples were placed into the Minus Eighty Degree Celsius Laboratory Freezer for ISS (MELFI). The Multi-Omics analysis of human microbial-metabolic cross-talk in the space ecosystem (Multi-Omics) investigation evaluates the impacts of space environment and prebiotics on astronauts' immune function, by combining the data obtained from the measurements of changes in the gut microbiological composition, metabolites profiles, and the immune system.

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Human Research Program (HRP) Collections – Functional Immune:

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The crew completed the fourth day of the five day Functional Immune session, which collects saliva samples the each day and blood samples on the fifth day. Today the crew also conducted an audit of the HRP supplies. The samples collected will support the mid-mission HRP compliment for the 52S crewmembers and the return minus zero Day (R-0) compliment for the 51S crewmember. The Functional Immune investigation analyzes blood and saliva samples to determine the changes taking place in crewmembers' immune systems during flight. The changes in the immune system are also compared with crewmembers' self-reported health information. Results are expected to provide new insight into the possible health risks of long-duration space travel, including future missions to Mars, asteroids, or other distant destinations.

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Two Phase Flow (TPF) Operations:

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Following the completion of a TPF experiment run, the crew deactivated the TPF experiment equipment in the Multi-Purpose Small Payload Rack (MSPR) and then adjusted the valve setting before re-activating the experiment equipment for the next experiment run. The Two-Phase Flow experiment investigates the heat transfer characteristics of flow boiling in the microgravity environment. It provides a fundamental understanding of the behaviors of bubble formation, liquid-vapor flow in a tube, and how heat transfers in cooling systems. Two-phase flow employs a sample cooling loop using perfluorohexane, often used in coolant for electronics, to establish flow rate, heating power, and other effects on different conditions.

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Earth Imagery from ISS Target Operations:

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Using the RED camera, the crew captured images and video footage of the Iberian Peninsula, This investigation creates a series of videos, showcasing Earth from space. These videos will be taken with cameras on the ISS in 6K hi-resolution, then integrated into videos for screensavers for public enjoyment, exploration, and engagement.

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Water Delivery System (WDS) Disassembly:

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The crew completed an activity to disassemble the WDS in preparation for returning the unit on SpaceX-13. The WDS was used in the past to provide an interface for the crew to dispense potable water from water containers, but is no longer needed. The WDS Orbital Replacement Unit (ORU) is being returned to the ground so that its components can be refurbished and used for Water Processor Assembly (WPA) sparing.

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Dragon Capture OBT:

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Today the crew performed on board training to maintain proficiency for the upcoming capture and berthing of the SpaceX-13 Dragon vehicle.

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Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) preparation:

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Today the crew prepared the EMU soft goods components for return on SpaceX-13.

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Сергей Рязанский‏Подлинная учетная запись @SergeyISS 4 ч. назад

Готовимся к закрытию люков, отстыковке и посадке. Сам путь от Станции до касания с Землей длится около 3,5 часов. Это очень напряженный и ответственный процесс. Удачи нам! P.S. Забрал с собой более 200 000 фотографий, которыми обещаю радовать вас после посадки

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https://spaceflightnow.com/2017/12/13/space-station-crew-returns-thursday-replacements-launch-sunday/

Space station crew returns Thursday, replacements launch Sunday
December 13, 2017 William Harwood

STORY WRITTEN FOR CBS NEWS & USED WITH PERMISSION

In a rapid-fire crew rotation, a Russian cosmonaut, a NASA astronaut and an Italian flier plan to close out a 139-day mission aboard the International Space Station with a fiery plunge back to the frigid steppe of Kazakhstan aboard their Soyuz MS-05 spacecraft early Thursday.

Спойлер

European astronaut Paolo Nespoli, Russian cosmonaut Sergey Ryazanskiy and Expedition 53 commander Randy Bresnik donned their Sokol spacesuits last week to rehearse undocking and landing procedures. Credit: NASA

Three days later — early Sunday morning U.S. time — three fresh crew members are scheduled for launch from the Baikonur Cosmodrome a few hundred miles away, kicking off a two-day rendezvous.

If all goes well, Soyuz MS-07 commander Anton Shkaplerov, NASA flight engineer Scott Tingle and Japanese physician-astronaut Norishige Kanai will reach the outpost early Tuesday, joining Expedition 54 commander Alexander Misurkin and NASA astronauts Mark Vande Hei and Joe Acaba.

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With the Soyuz MS-05 crew back on the ground, the Russians will turn their attention to readying the Soyuz MS-07 spacecraft for launch from Baikonur early Sunday U.S. time.


Three days after Ryazanskiy and his crewmates depart the station, three fresh crew members will take off from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. From left to right: Japanese physician-astronaut Norishige Kanai, Soyuz MS-07 commander Anton Shkaplerov and NASA flight engineer Scott Tingle. Credit: Andrey Shelepin/Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center

The Russians normally like to separate a landing and the next launch by a week to 10 days and the Soyuz MS-07 launch originally was planned for Dec. 27, a date that would have allowed the crew to reach the station a few hours after launch. But Russian managers moved it up to Sunday to avoid end-of-year holiday conflicts.

"Since Dec. 25 is a big holiday, it's Christmas in the U.S. and pretty much all of Europe, people want to spend time with their families, recently they moved our launch date to the left by 10 days," said Shkaplerov, the vehicle commander.

"So as an exception in our case, for that launch date, the ballistic numbers do not align for us to have a short rendezvous profile. So we'll spend two days flying to the ISS. But we do not mind, because that increases our increment duration by 10 days!"

Launch is targeted for 2:21 a.m. EST (1:21 p.m. local time) from the same pad used by Yuri Gagarin at the dawn of the space age. As commander, Shkaplerov will be strapped in the center seat, flanked on the left by Tingle, serving as the flight engineer, and on the right by Kanai.

A veteran Navy test pilot, Tingle will serve as co-pilot during launch and landing. As such, he has to know how to fly the craft on his own in an emergency — a tall order when training in a second language.

"There are a lot of things you have to train for, and speaking the language is critical," Tingle said in an interview. "And while I have worked extremely hard on learning the language as much as we can, it's very hard for me. ... It was a huge load to learn the academics, to get through all the exams.

"I've gotta tell you, I would not have made it had it not been for Anton Shkaplerov, who was absolutely a brilliant commander and meets me halfway when he has to. He pushes me to make it as far as I can and then when he sees it starting to break down he'll step in and meet me halfway.

"I think it's a big testament to the Russian-American partnership and how we can understand each other and how we can work together to make these missions happen," Tingle said. "They do this all the time, and they're really good at it."

Shkaplerov is a veteran of two previous station flights totaling 365 days. Tingle and Kanai are making their first flights. Tingle called Kanai — nickname Nemo — "a great friend" and "incredibly smart."

"Nemo ... has a great future in the space exploration program," Shkaplerov said. "The first time we met, he spoke neither Russian nor English, and several months later I saw him sitting at a desk and listening to instructors without interpretation. It emphasizes what kind of a hard-working person he is. If he's studying something, you can be sure he's going to study everything to the very last bolt."

Due to the space station's location at launch time Sunday, the Soyuz MS-07 crew will fly a 34-orbit rendezvous, catching up with the outpost early Tuesday and docking, at 3:43 a.m., at the same Rassvet port vacated by the Ryazanskiy's crew three days earlier. They will be welcomed aboard by Expedition 54 commander Misurkin, Vande Hei and Acaba.

For Tingle, getting to carry out research in space is the main objective.

"At any given time, there's on the order of 250 experiments that are happening on board space station," he said. "It's a very busy laboratory. Some of the specific human research that I'll be working on includes a look at the spine. When we get in space our spines extend a little bit, and so we're trying to see what the big impacts are.

"We also take a lot of blood, a lot of urine, a lot of fluids to try to see what's going on within humans when they get into space."

He also will take part in an experiment to remotely control a robot in Germany from his perch aboard the space station.

"The one experiment I'm really looking forward to is operating the robot named Justin in Munich," Tingle said. "This program is set up to simulate operating a robot on the Mars surface as our space vehicle is orbiting Mars so that we can explore before we actually put boots on the ground.

"So we'll be trying to control a robot in Munich with a controller up on the International Space Station to simulate that entire process. I think that's some really cool operational research."

Along with a full slate of experiments, two spacewalks are planned Jan. 23 and 27 to continue ongoing work to replace the grapple-like "hand" on one end of the station's robot arm. A Russian Progress cargo ship is set to arrive Feb. 11 and the Soyuz MS-06 crew — Misurkin, Vande Hei and Acaba — plan to return to Earth Feb. 27.

Shkaplerov will take over from Misurkin as space station commander and will welcome three fresh crew members aboard — Oleg Artemyev, Drew Feustel and Ricky Arnold — when their Soyuz MS-08 spacecraft arrives March 10.

Three days later, a SpaceX Dragon cargo ship is scheduled to arrive and on April 18, Shkaplerov, Tingle and Kanai are expected to return to Earth to close out a 122-day stay in space.

And the crew rotations will continue. All told in 2018, three Russian Progress cargo ships are scheduled for launch, three SpaceX Dragon supply ships and two Orbital ATK Cygnus space freighters.

Four Soyuz crew ships are scheduled for launch and, if all goes well, SpaceX and Boeing will launch their new commercial crew ferry ships on test flights, including two with astronaut crews on board.

"Research will be ongoing hot and heavy," Kirk Shireman, space station program manager, told reporters looking ahead to 2018. "We have two spacewalks planned for January ... we have three Progresses, four Soyuzes, we have a number of SpaceX Dragon and Cygnus flights and in addition, we'll be preparing on orbit for commercial crew flights.

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ISS Updates‏ @ISS101 15 мин. назад

#Soyuz MS-05 Landing Timeline: http://bit.ly/2nZtK5o 
2:00: Hatch Closure
5:14: Undocking
7:44:59: Deorbit Burn (280sec, 128m/s)
8:15:07: Re-Entry
8:23:28: Parachute Deployment
8:38:28: Touchdown, 147km S-E of Zhezkazgan (All UTC)

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