SPaDEx Chaser, SPaDEx Target, POEM-4 – PSLV-C60 CA – Шрихарикота FLP – 30.12.2024 16:30 UTC

[zandr]

20 декабря - SPaDEx Chaser, SPaDEx Target - PSLV-C61 CA - Шрихарикота FLP

Пара спутников для отработки автоматической стыковки на орбите.

[zandr]

Ранее

Спойлер

Chethan Kumar@Chethan_Dash 7:10 AM - Feb 19, 2020

EXCLUSIVE: Later this year, @isro will "split-up and unite" a satellite in Space. This #space docking experiment will be key to India's proposed space station, human missions beyond LEO. Pics of first model of space station in thread.

Full Story Here: https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/isro-to-split-up-unite-a-satellite-in-space-this-year/articleshow/74201580.cms ...

https://video.twimg.com/ext_tw_video/1229981520804212736/pu/vid/640x352/ZwDQykw_OBCFvI0_.mp4 (0:35)


7:20 AM - Feb 19, 2020

As promised. Here's the first look at the model of the proposed space station India hopes to put in space.

Интервью К.Сивана - более подробно (1:07)

[свернуть]

https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/isro-to-split-up-unite-a-satellite-in-space-this-year/articleshow/74201580.cms

Isro to 'split up & unite' a satellite in space this year

Chethan Kumar | TNN | Updated: Feb 19, 2020, 13:25 IST

BENGALURU: Among things in Isro's pipeline this year, the space agency will be splitting up a satellite and then re-uniting it in space. This Space Docking Experiment (SPADEX) will be key in realising technologies for future human missions and the proposed space station.

While the technology Isro is aiming to eventually have is one that will allow it to transfer humans from one vehicle or spacecraft to another, the immediate goal is to enable refuelling of spacecraft to give them a longer life and also transfer other crucial systems to an existing spacecraft, by transporting another to space.

Confirming this to TOI, Isro chairman K Sivan, said: "The satellite we will launch will have two components. It will be separated into two pieces and then they will get docked into a single piece. This single unit will then function as a full-fledged satellite. This is a very crucial technology."

A successful SPADEX experiment will also give Isro data on space rendezvous technology — capabilities wherein two spacecraft can find each other and remain in the same orbit — advancements in which are critical if India wants to have its own space station built in the future.

"The space station is a long-term project. We are working on it, but the immediate focus is on big missions like Chandrayaan-3, Aditya-L1, Gaganyaan, and other satellite launches," Sivan said. The SPADEX project has so far received Rs 10 crore, but Isro will need more money in the future.

The challenges of the experiment would be that docking has to be automatic and many of the functions thereon will have to be robotic. There is also the challenge of managing the speeds of each of the crafts (or two units in this case) when they near each other and to then dock one vehicle in a manner that it doesn't crash or collide into each other.

The Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC) is working on rendezvous and docking. "To achieve docking during the final phase of the mission, the relative position and velocity of the target spacecraft and chaser spacecraft has to be brought to zero. To ensure proper alignment of the docking port, the relative angular orientation needs to be precisely aligned," an Isro document reads.

This technology will be a forerunner to future planetary missions including crew transfer, international participation et al, the document added.

"The satellite will be ready by mid-year but then we have a lot of tests to be done. The experimental launch may happen towards the end of this year," Sivan added.

Isro has already worked on several systems like signal analysis equipment, high-precision videometer for navigation, docking system electronics and real-time decision making for landing systems, all of which will be used in this experimental flight.

In Video: Isro to 'split up & unite' a satellite in space this year: K Sivan

[zandr]

Два года назад

https://twitter.com/ISROSpaceflight/status/1575842366027862016

ISRO Spaceflight  @ISROSpaceflight
(1/3) Here's our first detailed look at the design of the docking mechanism being developed by ISRO! This will be used on the Space Docking Experiment (SpaDEx) currently scheduled to launch in Q3, 2024. #ISRO #SpaDEx


(2/3) As of now what we now about SpaDex is that it's gonna consist of two 200kg satellites - a target vehicle and a chaser vehicle. At launch they'll be stacked on top of each other held together by only the docking ports.


(3/3) After separation from launch vehicle both vehicles will undock and drift apart. Later the chaser vehicle will perform autonomous rendezvous and docking with the target vehicle.
The docking mechanism in itself appears to be highly inspired from NASA's IDSS used on the ISS.

[zandr]

https://www.wionews.com/india-news/isro-gears-up-for-space-handshake-spadex-private-firm-delivers-two-satellites-768653

ISRO gears up for 'Space handshake' SPADEX; private firm delivers two satellites
Chennai, IndiaWritten By: Sidharth MPUpdated: Oct 18, 2024, 03:50 PM IST
As part of this mission, these two satellites will be hurled into slightly different orbits by a single rocket.
Story highlights
Ananth Technologies Private Limited (ATL), completed the integration of two 400kg satellites for the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and handed them over at ISROs UR Rao Satellite Centre(URSC), Bengaluru.
The Indian Space agency has taken possession of two 400kg satellites that are part of a crucial upcoming mission known as SPADEX – Space Docking Experiment. As part of this mission, these two satellites will be hurled into slightly different orbits by a single rocket.
Eventually, the satellites that are travelling at around 28,000 kmph will precisely align themselves in a manner where they can perform a 'space handshake' and dock (mechanically attach themselves) to form a single orbiting entity. This experiment gains significance as docking is a major enabler of future missions such as Chandrayaan-4 and Bharatiya Antariksha Space Station (the proposed Indian Space Station).
Ananth Technologies Private Limited (ATL), completed the integration of two 400kg satellites for the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and handed them over at ISRO's UR Rao Satellite Centre (URSC), Bengaluru, the facility meant for designing and developing satellites.
ISRO always builds their satellites at the URSC, but this is the first time that ISRO is getting their satellites completely assembled, integrated and tested by the Indian private industry at a private facility. This shift is enabled by the space sector reforms that grant greater opportunities to the Indian private sector.

"We have been manufacturing electronic subsystems for ISRO since 2000 and have been an integral part of every Indian space mission over the last two decades," said Dr Subba Rao Pavuluri, chairman of ATL. The assembly, integration and testing of the satellites were done at our Bengaluru facility in a record three months, the ISRO scientist-turned-entrepreneur told WION.
SPADEX is a mission that is meant to demonstrate autonomous rendezvous and docking, the ability of two spacecraft to function as one unit, manoeuvre itself etc. Docking is a fundamental requirement for building and maintaining a space station.
Every time astronauts are launched to the space station, their capsule has to precisely dock with the space station, following which the crew and cargo can enter the space station.
SPADEX is crucial to India's ambitions as the country looks to assemble an Indian space station from 2028 onwards.
By scaling up the technologies demonstrated in SPADEX, it will be possible to robotically assemble the modules (large components) of the space station. India's Chandrayaan-4 mission to return Lunar samples will also involve autonomous docking while circling the moon.
Given that the satellites have been delivered to the URSC, they would soon be trucked to the Indian Spaceport at Sriharikota, from where they could be further tested, fuelled, and launched in the coming months.

[zandr]

https://forum.nasaspaceflight.com/index.php?topic=42851.msg2639796#msg2639796
Re: PSLV C61? : SPADEX : FLP :

At 1:30:57 ISRO's Chairman says the launch is planned by December 20th:
https://www.youtube.com/live/uOmOUjb65aA

Вы не можете просматривать это вложение.

[zandr]

Дата - вправо.

https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil-nadu/2024/Dec/06/isro-may-test-space-docking-on-december-26

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is likely to conduct the much-awaited Space Docking Experiment (SPADEX) on December 26, sources said on Thursday. ISRO Chairman S Somanath, soon after the successful launch of European Space Agency's (ESA) Proba-3 mission on Thursday, said the next launch would be PSLV-C60 which will demonstrate SPADEX...

[zandr]

https://tass.ru/kosmos/22635253

Индия в декабре отправит в космос беспилотную миссию
НЬЮ-ДЕЛИ, 11 декабря. /ТАСС/. Индия до конца года отправит в космос беспилотную миссию в рамках подготовки к реализации программы пилотируемых космических полетов "Гаганьян". Об этом сообщил госминистр Джитендра Сингх, который курирует в индийском кабинете министров науку и технологии, а также атомную и космическую отрасли.

"Первая беспилотная миссия запланирована на конец 2024 года", - сказал он, добавив, что аналогичные миссии "намечены на третий квартал 2025 года и первый квартал 2026 года соответственно", - говорится в распространенном ответе госминистра, направленном в парламент.

По его словам, все двигательные системы пилотируемой ракеты-носителя доставлены на космодром Шрихарикота, система спасения экипажа для миссии также достигла стартового комплекса, а системы орбитального модуля находятся на завершающей стадии интеграции. Космонавты также завершили два из трех семестров индийского этапа своей подготовки. Первая пилотируемая миссия запланирована на четвертый квартал 2026 года...

[zandr]

ISRO Spaceflight  @ISROSpaceflight
#ISRO is set to launch their SPADEX mission on December 30 on PSLV-C60 at around 9:30 pm IST!! (based on NOTAM)

It will launch from the First Launch Pad at SHAR, as the Second Launch Pad will be busy with the Gaganyaan-G1 launch campaign starting next week!

[zandr]

https://x.com/isro/status/1870428296413958379

ISRO  @isro
PSLV-C60/SPADEX Update:

The launch vehicle has been integrated and now moved to the First Launch Pad, for further integration of satellites and launch preparations.
Stay tuned for updates on #PSLV-C60 and watch this space for exciting info on the upcoming PSLV-C60/SPADEX mission!

РН перевезена на СК-1 для сборки с ПН.

[zandr]

https://x.com/isro/status/1871134161160851838

ISRO  @isro
 PSLV-C60/SPADEX Mission Update
 Launch scheduled on 30th December 2024, 21:58 IST from SDSC SHAR, Sriharikota.
 Witness the launch live at the Launch View Gallery!
 Register here: https://lvg.shar.gov.in/VSCREGISTRATION/index.jsp
Registration starts: 23rd December 2024, 18:00 IST.

Пуск в тёмное время суток.
19:28 мск.

[zandr]

https://tass.ru/kosmos/22756917

Индия 30 декабря запустит два спутника для отработки их стыковки на орбите
НЬЮ-ДЕЛИ, 24 декабря. /ТАСС/. Индийская организация космических исследований (ISRO) планирует 30 декабря запустить в космос два спутника для отработки их стыковки на орбите.

"Запуск запланирован на 30 декабря 2024 года в 21:58 (19:28 мск - прим. ТАСС) с космодрома в Шрихарикоте", - говорится в сообщении ISRO в Х.

Используя ракету PSLV-C60, ISRO выведет два спутника Chaser и Target на высоту 470 км для демонстрации технологии космической стыковки. Основная цель - разработать и протестировать системы, необходимые для сближения, стыковки и расстыковки двух космических аппаратов. Миссия также включает эксперименты с микрогравитацией.

Как указывают в организации, миссия, получившая название SpaDEX, представляет собой ключевой шаг для подготовки к созданию в будущем индийской космической станции и миссий на Луну. "Миссия SpaDEX имеет решающее значение для амбиций Индии в исследовании космоса", - сказал журналистам представитель ISRO. "Она делает Индию четвертой страной в мире, которая достигла передовых технологий стыковки", - добавил он...

[zandr]

https://x.com/nkknspace/status/1872311196940193814

Karthik Naren (கார்த்திகேயன்)  @nkknspace
Orbital launch no.259 of 2024
India's  5th launch.
#ISRO launching SpaDeX mission onboard the PSLV-CA #PSLVc60   from Sriharikota.
#SpaDeX Demonstrating in-space docking technology with 2, the POEM-4 (ps4) stage Hosting 24 passive research payloads.

[zandr]

https://x.com/ISROSpaceflight/status/1872635044331999431

ISRO Spaceflight  @ISROSpaceflight  ·  Dec 27
We are only 3 days away from the launch of ISRO's SpaDeX mission on PSLV-C60!!
In this mission, ISRO will attempt to dock two spacecrafts in orbit for the first time!
Docking requires a complex and precise set of maneuvers to gradually bring the spacecrafts closer to one another, cancel out their relative velocities, and mechanically secure them together.
Successfully demonstrating this capability will be an extremely important milestone toward the Chandrayaan-4 Lunar Sample Return mission and the construction of the Bharatiya Antariksh Station.
Check out our graphic to learn more about the sequence of steps leading up to the moment of docking

[zandr]

https://x.com/ISROSpaceflight/status/1872902598929596493

ISRO Spaceflight  @ISROSpaceflight
The Mobile Service Tower has been retracted by ISRO, and PSLV-C60 is now standing tall on the First Launch Pad ahead of its launch on day after tomorrow!

РКН в сборе.

[zandr]

https://x.com/isro/status/1873217657811742859

ISRO  @isro
 T-1 Day to Liftoff!
 PSLV-C60 is ready to launch SpaDeX and 24 innovative payloads into orbit.
 Liftoff: 30 Dec, 9:58 PM (21:58 hours)
 Watch live: https://youtube.com/live/_OBGAiJrjJU
        (from 21:30 hours)
 More info: https://isro.gov.in/mission_SpaDeX.html

[zandr]

По нижней ссылке

PSLV C60/SPADEX Mission is scheduled on 30th December 2024 at 21:58 hrs IST from SDSC SHAR, Sriharikota
Registration for the public for witnessing the launch from Launch View Gallery at SDSC SHAR starts on 23-12-2024 at 18.00 Hrs. Register here

December 21, 2024

SpaDeX mission is a cost-effective technology demonstrator mission for the demonstration of in-space docking using two small spacecraft launched by PSLV. This technology is essential for India's space ambitions such as Indian on Moon, sample return from the Moon, the building and operation of Bharatiya Antariksh Station (BAS), etc. In-space docking technology is essential when multiple rocket launches are required to achieve common mission objectives. Through this mission, India is marching towards becoming the fourth country in the world to have space docking technology.

More Details

SpaDeX MissionPOEM-4 Payload
Brochure PDF - 8.4 MB
Launch Streaming
Vehicle movement from PIF to MST time lapse video
Gallery
Objectives:

Спойлер

The primary objective of the SpaDeX mission is to develop and demonstrate the technology needed for rendezvous, docking, and undocking of two small spacecraft (SDX01, which is the Chaser, and SDX02, the Target, nominally) in a low-Earth circular orbit. Secondary objectives include:

• Demonstration of the transfer of electric power between the docked spacecraft, which is essential for future applications such as in-space robotics,
• Composite spacecraft control, and
• Payload operations after undocking.

Mission Concept:

The SpaDeX mission consists of two small spacecraft (about 220 kg each) to be launched by PSLV-C60, independently and simultaneously, into a 470 km circular orbit at 55° inclination, with a local time cycle of about 66 days. The demonstrated precision of the PSLV vehicle will be utilized to give a small relative velocity between the Target and Chaser spacecraft at the time of separation from the launch vehicle. This incremental velocity will allow the Target spacecraft to build a 10-20 km inter-satellite separation with respect to the Chaser within a day. At this point, the relative velocity between the Target will be compensated using the propulsion system of the Target spacecraft.
At the end of this drift arrest maneuver, the Target and Chaser will be in the same orbit with identical velocity but separated by about 20 km, known as Far Rendezvous. With a similar strategy of introducing and then compensating for a small relative velocity between the two spacecraft, the Chaser will approach the Target with progressively reduced inter-satellite distances of 5 km, 1.5 km, 500 m, 225 m, 15 m, and 3 m, ultimately leading to the docking of the two spacecraft. After successful docking and rigidization, electrical power transfer between the two satellites will be demonstrated before undocking and separation of the two satellites to start the operation of their respective payloads for the expected mission life of up to two years.

New Technologies:

The indigenous technologies developed for enabling this docking mission are as follows:

• Docking mechanism,
• A suite of four rendezvous and docking sensors,
• Power transfer technology,
• Indigenous novel autonomous rendezvous and docking strategy,
• Inter-satellite communication link (ISL) for autonomous communication between spacecraft, incorporated with inbuilt intelligence to know the states of the other spacecraft,
• GNSS-based Novel Relative Orbit Determination and Propagation (RODP) processor to determine the relative position and velocity of the other spacecraft,
• Simulation test beds for both hardware and software design validation and testing.

In addition, SpaDeX, because of its small size and mass, is even more challenging due to the finer precision required for the rendezvous and docking maneuvers compared to docking two large spacecraft. This mission will be a forerunner for autonomous docking needed for future lunar missions like Chandrayaan-4 without the support of GNSS from Earth.

Docking Mechanism:

The docking mechanism is a low-impact docking system (approach velocity is in the order of 10 mm/s), androgynous (docking systems are identical for both spacecraft, Chaser & Target), and is a peripheral docking system (concept similar to the International Docking System Standard used by other agencies for human missions). The mechanism is smaller (450 mm) with one degree of freedom for extension and uses two motors compared to the IDSS (800 mm) on a hexapod with 24 motors. Multiple test beds were established to test the hardware and software simulation of the docking kinematics to verify and finalise the docking approach parameters.

Sensor Suite:

The additional sensor suite in this mission includes Laser Range Finder (LRF) and Corner Cube Retro Reflectors to work for a range of 6000 to 200 m for determining range (R). The set of Rendezvous Sensors (RS) is used in the range of 2000 to 250 m and from 250-10 m. RS provides the relative position (x, y, z) while LRF determines both relative position and velocity independently.
Proximity and Docking Sensor (PDS) provides relative position and velocity over a range of 30 m to 0.4 m. Laser Diodes (LDs) are used as targets for RS & PDS. A video monitor is used in the 20 to 0.5 m range and it will capture the video of the docking event. A Mechanism Entry Sensor (MES) is used from 8 cm to 4 cm to detect chaser entry into the target spacecraft during docking. Multiple test beds were used to calibrate and validate these sensors before accepting them for the mission.

ISL-Enabled GNSS-Based RODP:

Like all ISRO satellites in low-Earth orbit, both the SpaDeX spacecraft carry a differential GNSS-based Satellite Positioning System (SPS), which provides PNT (Position, Navigation, and Timing) solutions for the satellites. In SpaDeX, a novel RODP processor is included in the SPS receiver, which allows accurate determination of the relative position and velocity of the Chaser and the Target. By subtracting the carrier phase measurements from the same GNSS satellites in both Chaser and Target SPS receivers, highly accurate relative states of the two satellites are determined. The VHF/UHF transceivers in both satellites aid this process by transferring the GNSS satellite measurements from one satellite to the other. Hardware and software test beds, including closed-loop verifications, were carried out to characterise the RODP performance.

Rendezvous and Docking Algorithms:

Up to an inter-satellite distance (ISD) of 5 km, standard orbit maintenance and attitude control algorithms employed in ISRO LEO spacecraft are used. As the spacecraft are in circular orbit, and any addition or reduction of velocity to the satellites will result in orbit change, the V-bar strategy using n-Pulse, Glideslope and PV guidance algorithms are employed to reduce the ISD between the satellites, hold at fixed ISDs to evaluate the sensors and software, and finally docking. These algorithms were converted into software for achieving the rendezvous and docking. These software solutions were tested and validated in multiple digital, hardware-in-loop, onboard-in-loop, software-in-loop, and robotic simulations.

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Post-Docking Activities:

After the docking and undocking events, the spacecrafts will be separated and used for application missions.

• A High-Resolution Camera (HRC) with a 4.5 m IGFOV and a swath of 9.2 x 9.2 km (snapshot mode) and 9.2 x 4.6 km (video mode) from a 450 km altitude is mounted in SDX01. This is a miniature version of the surveillance camera developed by SAC/ISRO.
• A Miniature Multi-Spectral Payload (MMX) is mounted in SDX02, developed by SAC/ISRO. This has four VNIR bands (B1/B2/B3/B4) at 450 nm to 860 nm and a 25 m IGFOV with a swath of 100 km from a 450 km altitude. The imaging is useful for natural resource monitoring and vegetation studies.
• A Radiation Monitor (RadMon) payload is mounted in SDX02, which will measure radiation dose encountered in space. This will help in generation of a radiation database for future Total Ionization Dosimeter (TID) and Single Event Upset (SEU) measurements for space science studies, with applications in human spaceflight.

Spacecraft Development:

The SpaDeX spacecraft were designed and realized by the UR Rao Satellite Centre (URSC) with the support of other ISRO centers (VSSC, LPSC, SAC, IISU, and LEOS). The spacecraft, in its orbital phase, will be controlled from ISTRAC using ISRO ground stations and other externally hired ground stations. The full integration and testing of the satellite were carried out at M/s Ananth Technologies, Bangalore, under the supervision of URSC. Presently, after completing all tests and clearances, the spacecraft has moved from URSC to SDSC and is undergoing preparations for launch.

Спойлер

[свернуть]

Click here for PSLV C60/SPADEX Image Gallery
Click here for PSLV C60/SPADEX Video Gallery

[zandr]

Из PDF - профиль миссии
Вы не можете просматривать это вложение.

[zandr]

Код Выделить Развернуть

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_OBGAiJrjJU

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_OBGAiJrjJU
PSLV-C60/SPADEX Mission
  ISRO Official

[zandr]

https://x.com/isro/status/1873576484381622478

ISRO  @isro
 Launch Day is Here!
Tonight at precisely 10:00:15 PM, PSLV-C60 with SpaDeX and innovative payloads are set for liftoff.
SpaDeX (Space Docking Experiment) is a pioneering mission to establish India's capability in orbital docking, a key technology for future human spaceflight and satellite servicing missions.
 Liftoff: 30 Dec, 10:00:15 PM
      (22:00:15 hours)
Stay tuned for updates!
 Watch live: https://youtube.com/live/_OBGAiJrjJU (from 21:30 hours)
...

[zandr]

Код Выделить Развернуть

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6RxqSQMJnvo

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6RxqSQMJnvo 1:10
Launch of PSLV-C60/SPADEX Mission from Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC-SHAR), Sriharikota
  Doordarshan National
SpaDeX (Space Docking Experiment) is a pioneering mission to establish India's capability in orbital docking, a key technology for future human spaceflight and satellite servicing missions.