Dragon Crew v.2.0

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Ken Kremer‏ @ken_kremer 46 сек. назад

The @SpaceX Astronaut Walkway #CrewAccessArm was raised this morning and installed on #pad39a @NASAKennedy-for #CrewDragon flights to @Space_Station #ISS- my pics today.
Credit: @ken_kremer http://spaceupclose.com 

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https://spaceflightnow.com/2018/08/20/spacexs-astronaut-walkway-installed-on-florida-launch-pad/

SpaceX's astronaut walkway installed on Florida launch pad
August 20, 2018 | Stephen Clark


SpaceX's crew access arm is in its retracted position at launch pad 39A after installation Monday. Credit: Stephen Clark / Spaceflight Now

The walkway astronauts will use to board SpaceX's Crew Dragon capsule before missions to the International Space Station was added to historic launch pad 39A on Monday.

A crane erected at the seaside launch complex on Florida's Space Coast raised the crew access arm off the ground around 9 a.m. EDT (1300 GMT) Monday and positioned the new appendage on the fixed service structure later in the morning.

The attachment of the crew access arm is a major step in readying pad 39A at the Kennedy Space Center for launches of SpaceX Falcon 9 rockets with the company's Crew Dragon spacecraft.

SpaceX leased the launch facility, the former site of Saturn 5 and space shuttle blastoffs, fr om NASA in 2014. Ground crews modified pad 39A for satellite launches with the company's Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy rockets.

SpaceX has launched 14 times fr om pad 39A since February 2017, including the debut test flight of the Falcon Heavy rocket earlier this year. But the bulk of the company's Florida-based missions have shifted to nearby pad 40 at neighboring Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, allowing workers to focus on preparing pad 39A for crewed missions.

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Before the Falcon rocket family moved in at pad 39A, the launch complex hosted 12 launches of NASA's Apollo-era Saturn 5 moon rockets, including the Apollo 11 lunar landing mission. NASA's space shuttles took off 82 times from pad 39A, a record that counts the shuttle program's first and final flights in 1981 and 2011.


The crew access arm was installed at launch pad 39A on Monday. SpaceX's rocket hangar is visible at right. Credit: Stephen Clark / Spaceflight Now

Demolition teams took apart the shuttle-era rotating service structure at pad 39A piece-by-piece over the last couple of years, leaving the pad's fixed tower in place for the crew access arm. The Falcon 9's assembly hangar was constructed over the crawlerway once used by Saturn 5 rockets and space shuttles moving to the launch pad, and SpaceX manufactured a new retractable structure that serves as a Falcon 9 transporter, erector and umbilical tower.

The Falcon 9 rocket is taller than the space shuttle, so SpaceX's crew access arm was installed on the pad 39A tower at a higher level. The orbiter access arm extended to the shuttle's hatch from the fixed structure's 195-foot-level, wh ere crews would walk into the arm's white room for final suit-ups and boarding after riding an elevator from the base of the pad.

Workers configured a new floor and added an arm attach mechanism several stories higher on the launch pad tower for SpaceX's Crew Dragon capsule.

SpaceX aims to launch the first Crew Dragon spacecraft on a test flight to the space station as soon as November without astronauts on-board, followed by another test launch — again without a crew — in roughly March 2019 to test the capsule's in-flight abort capability. If those tests go according to plan, SpaceX could be ready to launch a two-man team of NASA astronauts on a demonstration mission to the station in April of next year.

NASA announced earlier this month that shuttle veterans Doug Hurley and Bob Behnken will fly on the first piloted Crew Dragon test flight. Once its test flights are complete, NASA plans to certify the Crew Dragon for regular crew rotation missions to the space station.


A side-by-side comparison of the space shuttle orbiter access arm and white room (left) before the final launch of the shuttle Atlantis in 2011, and the Crew Dragon access arm (right) after its installation at pad 39A on Monday. Credit: NASA / Bill Ingalls (left); Stephen Clark / Spaceflight Now (right)

NASA has a $2.6 billion contract with SpaceX to develop the Crew Dragon capsule. The space agency signed a similar $4.2 billion deal with Boeing for that company's Starliner vehicle, giving NASA two commercial spaceships to carry astronauts into low Earth orbit and back, ending U.S. reliance on Russian Soyuz spacecraft for crew transportation.

A crew access arm similar in function — but much different in appearance — has also been installed at United Launch Alliance's nearby Atlas 5 launch pad at Cape Canaveral, wh ere Boeing's CST-100 Starliner commercial crew craft will lift off with astronauts on-board.

Other preparations planned by SpaceX at pad 39A include the addition of a slidewire escape system that would be used by astronauts and launch pad ground crews to quickly evacuate the facility in an emergency. Similar slidewires were used during the space shuttle program.

Boeing and ULA outfitted the Atlas 5's launch pad with zip lines to whisk crews away from the rocket during an emergency.

Once workers complete connections between the crew access arm and the pad 39A tower, SpaceX is expected to conduct testing to ensure the arm can properly retract and extend during launch countdowns.


File photo of a Falcon 9 Block 5 rocket at pad 39A before a launch in May. The same version of the Falcon 9 rocket — but with a Crew Dragon capsule and not a conventional payload shroud — will be used for crewed missions. Credit: Stephen Clark / Spaceflight Now

NASA and SpaceX plan to team up for five crew loading demonstrations aboard Falcon 9 Block 5 rockets — the same launcher configuration to by used by Crew Dragon missions — to certify a plan for astronauts to board the Falcon 9 rocket before fueling.

The "load-and-go" fueling procedure employed during SpaceX countdowns involves filling of the Falcon 9 rocket with super-chilled, densified kerosene and liquid oxygen propellants beginning just 35 minutes prior to liftoff — after astronauts will already be strapped into their spacecraft on top of the booster.

In contrast, ULA's Atlas 5 rocket will be fueled before crews arrive at its launch pad to crawl into Boeing's CST-100 Starliner spacecraft. And NASA's space shuttle was fueled hours ahead of liftoff, before astronauts strapped in for the ride into space.

NASA has approved the load-and-go fueling procedure — as reported by Spaceflight Now earlier this month — for commercial crew missions, pending a series of ground tests to verify the crew loading timeline before Falcon 9 launches.

SpaceX argued the load-and-go proposal was less risky than fueling the rocket before astronauts arrive at the launch pad. In the event of a mishap on the launch pad during fueling, the Crew Dragon's abort rockets will be armed to immediately fire the capsule and its occupants away from the pad. The load-and-go procedure would also ensure ground support teams are a safe distance away from the rocket during fueling.

"To make this decision, our teams conducted an extensive review of the SpaceX ground operations, launch vehicle design, escape systems and operational history," said Kathy Lueders, manager of NASA's commercial crew program. "Safety for our personnel was the driver for this analysis, and the team's assessment was that this plan presents the least risk."

NASA outlined the expected Falcon 9 countdown timeline in a statement issued Friday:

"If all goes according to plan, on launch day, the Falcon 9 composite overwrap pressure vessels, known as COPVs, will be loaded with helium and verified to be in a stable configuration prior to astronaut arrival at the launch pad. The astronauts then will board the spacecraft about two hours before launch, when the launch system is in a quiescent state. After the ground crews depart the launch pad, the launch escape systems will be activated approximately 38 minutes before liftoff, just before fueling begins. SpaceX launch controllers then will begin loading rocket grade kerosene and densified liquid oxygen approximately 35 minutes before launch."

More photos of SpaceX's crew access arm are posted below.


Credit: Stephen Clark / Spaceflight Now


Credit: Stephen Clark / Spaceflight Now


Credit: Stephen Clark / Spaceflight Now


Credit: Stephen Clark / Spaceflight Now


Credit: Stephen Clark / Spaceflight Now

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Commercial Crew: The Spacecraft

NASAKennedy

Опубликовано: 23 авг. 2018 г.

Look inside Boeing's Starliner and SpaceX's Crew Dragon, the commercial spacecraft that will fly astronauts from the U.S. to the International Space Station for the first time since 2011.

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https://www.teslarati.com/spacex-crew-dragon-recovery-vessel-helipad-installation/

SpaceX's Crew Dragon spacecraft recovery ship gets a helipad prior to launch debut

By Eric Ralph
Posted on August 23, 2018

SpaceX's primary Crew Dragon recovery vessel GO Searcher is undergoing a number of modifications in preparation for inaugural demonstrations flights of the company's first human-rated spacecraft.
Most notably, GO Searcher is being fitted with a helipad that will be used to rapidly transfer astronauts fr om Crew Dragon to Cape Canaveral, wh ere they will go through a number of medical evaluations and debriefings after a six-month stay in orbit aboard the International Space Station (ISS).


GO Searcher's new helipad has been rapidly constructed over the last two months. (Tom Cross – 08/12/18 )


A construction worker helps provide a sense of scale for the new pad. (Tom Cross – 08/12/18 )

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Over the last year or so, the long-time member of SpaceX's East Coast rocket recovery fleet has been gradually receiving upgrades and conducting sea trials and mockup Dragon recovery tests, performed in concert with the US Air Force and NASA. Once Commercial Crew missions start launching in earnest, GO Searcher will be SpaceX's sole Crew Dragon spacecraft and astronaut recovery vessel, a new mission that required a number of visible modifications.

Three of those upgrades are especially obvious. First, a large helipad (pictured above) is being constructed on GO Searcher's deck. That helipad is a critical addition that will enable the rapid transport of astronauts, recovery experts, technicians, doctors, and more (perhaps even press) to or from the ship, which will be at most a few hundred kilometers east of the Florida Coast during Dragon recovery operations, and likely closer to a few tens of kilometers.

Cowboy Dan@CowboyDanPaasch

.@SpaceX's East Coast #Dragon space capsule recovery vessel, GO Searcher, has finally reemerged after being off-grid past 10-days. Appears to be sporting new hardware. #SpaceXArmada #CrewedDragon : St John's Ship Yard, Palatka FL
11:41 AM - Jul 4, 2018

The next most obvious change to GO Searcher is a massive dome, likely dedicated to radar, Crew Dragon communications, or both. That dome and communications/radar array were installed over a several-week maintenance period spent at an East Coast drydocks facility, wrapping up with an early-July return to SpaceX's Port Canaveral dock space.

Last but not least is the large metal structure at GO Searcher's rear, a custom-built hydraulic lift designed specifically to lift Crew Dragon onto the recovery vessel's deck. SpaceX has been extensively testing Dragon recovery operations with that particular rig throughout 2018, working with Commerical Crew astronauts, US Air Force representatives, and NASA officials to ensure that the orchestration of those Dragon and crew recovery operations are down to reflex by the time technicians are called upon to perform the same tasks with real humans and hardware.


SpaceX has rolled its completed Crew Dragon Access Arm into position and is just days away from installing the sleek arm. 08/16/18 (Tom Cross)


The first truly crewed Crew Dragon is in the late stages of assembly in SpaceX's Hawthorne factory, August 13. (Pauline Acalin)


The first spaceworthy Crew Dragon capsule is already in Florida, preparing for its November 2018 launch debut. The same capsule will be refurbished and reflown as few as three months after recovery. (SpaceX)


On February 28, SpaceX completed a demonstration of their ability to recover the crew and capsule after a nominal water splashdown in the Atlantic Ocean, just off the coast of Florida. (SpaceX)


Dragon recovery technicians wrap up a busy day of demonstrations aboard GO Searcher, March 2018. (SpaceX)
 
SpaceX's first uncrewed demonstration launch of Crew Dragon is scheduled for no earlier than November 2018, a date President and COO Gwynne Shotwell expressed considerable confidence in earlier this month. That spacecraft may end up landing on a giant inflatable cushion in order to ease refurbishment, as the same capsule will be reflown just a few months later for SpaceX's in-flight abort test, designed to ensure that astronauts can be safely pulled away from a failing rocket at all points during launch.

Pending a successful uncrewed demo and in-flight abort test, SpaceX could become the first private company in history to launch humans into Earth orbit as early as April 2019.

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SpaceX‏Подлинная учетная запись @SpaceX 19 мин. назад

Crew access arm installed at Launch Complex 39A in Florida; will serve as a bridge for @NASA astronauts to board Crew Dragon.

http://instagram.com/p/Bm4VaJ6lkJ7/ 

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Michael Baylor‏ @nextspaceflight 23 мин. назад

Elon confirms that the Fixed Service Structure (FSS) will receive a facelift. Good to hear, as the crew access arm looks a bit out of place at the moment.

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Michael Baylor‏ @nextspaceflight 14 мин. назад

#SpaceX Commercial Crew Accomplishments



13 мин. назад

PICTURE OF B1051!!! It will ship to the Cape from McGregor soon. Solar panel array on the trunk for the DM-1 capsule will take place in Hawthorne.



9 мин. назад

The Crew Dragon capsule for the SpaceX DM-1 mission will be launch ready by the end of September.



6 мин. назад

Based on the chart, the capsule is complete. It just is waiting to be mated with the trunk which it obviously needs in order to launch.

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Michael Baylor‏ @nextspaceflight 7 мин. назад

Is SpaceX taking their Astros to the pad in a @Tesla Model X?

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Chris B - NSF‏ @NASASpaceflight 4 мин. назад

ARTICLE: NAC provides Starliner, Dragon 2 update – Commercial Crew preps entering final leg to launch -

https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2018/08/nac-starliner-dragon-2-preps-final-leg-launch/ ...

- By Michael Baylor (@nextspaceflight) (Includes renders by Nathan Koga (@kogavfx) for NSF)

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https://www.teslarati.com/spacex-no-crew-dragon-spaceship-reuse-nasa-astronaut-launches

SpaceX has no plans to reuse Crew Dragon spaceships on NASA astronaut launches

By Eric Ralph
Posted on August 28, 2018

According to program manager Kathy Lueders, SpaceX has chosen against reusing its upgraded Crew Dragon spaceships on NASA Commerical Crew Program (CCP) launches, even though NASA itself explicitly provided both CCP providers (Boeing and SpaceX) the option to propose reflights of crew capsules.

In fact, Boeing did just that with their CST-100 Starliner spacecraft, proposing to land Starliners on land (using airbags) and reuse the capsules repeatedly, up to 10 times each. While there is next to no official information on the matter, the question of what SpaceX is planning to do with its flight-proven Crew Dragon spacecraft is well worth puzzling over.

Michael Baylor‏ @nextspaceflight

The Crew Dragon capsule for the SpaceX DM-1 mission will be launch ready by the end of September.



14:38 - 27 авг. 2018 г.

THE FUTURE OF FLIGHT-PROVEN DRAGON 2S

Speaking at the most recent (August 27) NASA Advisory Council meeting, Lueders specifically stated that SpaceX had proposed "a new vehicle every time for [NASA]", although NASA specifically provided the option for either new or reflown hardware, similar to Commercial Cargo where SpaceX already routinely reflies both Falcon 9s and Cargo Dragons on official NASA resupply missions.

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The fact that SpaceX already routinely reuses Cargo Dragons – and even does so atop flight-proven Falcon 9 rocket boosters – adds additional intrigue to this seemingly odd decision. However, in the context of other near-term plans for other Dragon-related activities, SpaceX's choice to not (at least in the near-term) refly Crew Dragon capsules for crewed NASA launches makes more than a little sense.


DM-1 seen conducting acoustic testing in Ohio. (SpaceX)


Falcon 9 B1051, DM-1's rocket of choice, seen during construction in SpaceX's Hawthorne factory. (SpaceX)


(SpaceX)


(SpaceX)

The single most obvious explanation can be found in SpaceX's next Commercial Resupply Services contract (CRS-2), a similar follow-up to the CRS-1 contract SpaceX is currently launching Cargo Dragons under. Although SpaceX offered its Dragon 1 (already flying) as an option, NASA sided with Dragon 2 thanks to a number of unique and valuable capabilities offered by the upgraded craft. While no official detail has been released by NASA on the gritty specifics of those CRS-2 contracts, an April 2018 report from the Office of the Inspector General (OIG) offers a bit more insight into SpaceX's plans.

Although the OIG report in question never specifically states it, some of the language used to describe Dragon 2's cargo configuration does seem to imply that Cargo Dragon 2s will predominately (if not exclusively) be derived as slightly-modified Crew Dragon capsules, seemingly indicating that SpaceX's CRS-2 missions may only ever launch flight-proven Crew Dragon capsules. Depending on the extent of the disassembly required to remove the components described below, all other "modifications" are essentially one-and-done after the software and additional designs are completed. As such, it should be relatively straightforward to modify the vehicles between Crew and Cargo configurations.


NASA OIG's overview of the expected modifications required to turn a Crew Dragon into a Cargo Dragon. (NASA OIG)


 
This strategy would make a lot of sense: by using its Commercial Crew contract as a means to fund the construction of brand new Crew Dragon capsules and Falcon 9 rockets and then using those once flight-proven rockets and spacecraft for other NASA cargo launches, general commercial missions, and maybe even low Earth orbit tourism, SpaceX can likely extract as much value and utility as possible from that hardware.

Despite the fact that NASA in this situation would effectively be carrying a significant portion of SpaceX's non-BFR production-related capital expenditure, the company's CRS-2 and Commercial Crew contracts place its cargo and crew launch costs far below those of competitors Boeing, Orbital ATK (now Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems), and Sierra Nevada. Overall, SpaceX's launch costs to NASA range anywhere from 40-75% less than its three competitors' best offerings, essentially invalidating any nitpicking over slight cost increases from CRS-1 to CRS-2.

Even if SpaceX never ends up reusing Crew Dragons on crewed NASA launches, NASA is still likely to benefit from lower costs derived by the partial modification and reuse of those same capsules and Falcon 9 boosters on CRS-2 cargo resupply missions.

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Commercial Crew: The Flight Test
Доступ по ссылке

NASAKennedy

Дата загрузки: 30 авг. 2018 г.

(2:06)

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https://tass.ru/kosmos/5519911

4 СЕН, 08:36

Корабль SpaceX с экипажем впервые запустят в апреле 2019 года

НЬЮ-ЙОРК, 4 сентября. /Корр. ТАСС Алексей Качалин/. Первый испытательный полет космического корабля американской компании SpaceX с астронавтами на борту запланирован на апрель 2019 года. Об этой договоренности со SpaceX сообщило в минувшую пятницу Национальное управление США по аэронавтике и исследованию космического пространства (NASA).

Заправлять до или после?

Первый пилотируемый испытательный полет на корабле Dragon нового поколения совершат Боб Брекен и Дуг Херли. Они должны будут отработать маневр стыковки с Международной космической станцией (МКС). Как обратило внимание космическое ведомство США, ключевой вопрос подготовки к испытаниям заключается в том, когда именно SpaceX следует заправить топливные баки ракеты-носителя Falcon 9. "NASA приняло решение остановиться на плане компании заправить ракету после того, как астронавты займут свои места. Хотя достигнутое соглашение делает данный план основой для дальнейших операций, он будет зависеть от того, как NASA в конечном счете сертифицирует данную операцию", - подчеркнуло космическое ведомство.

Оно оставляет за собой право продолжать проводить независимую экспертизу испытаний рабочих узлов, компонентов и систем как носителя, так и корабля SpaceX с целью самостоятельно оценивать степень приемлемости рисков, связанных с первым пилотируемым испытательным полетом. "Чтобы принять решение, наши команды провели обстоятельный осмотр наземных операций SpaceX, конструкции носителя, системы эвакуации и операционной истории", - отметила менеджер программы экипажей коммерческих экспедиций NASA Кэти Лидерс. "Движущим фактором нашего анализа является обеспечение безопасности нашего личного состава, наша команда заключила, что одобренный план представляет собой наименьшую угрозу", - добавила она.

Предварительный план

NASA не уточнило, когда планируется провести первое демонстрационное испытание на земле, включающее отработку заправки возвращаемой ступени ракеты Block 5. К отработке решено привлечь несколько астронавтов с целью "верифицировать [окончательный] состав экипажа и временной график его захода [в корабль] перед Demo-2" (вторым испытанием). В случае успеха в день пилотируемого запуска SpaceX до прибытия астронавтов на пусковую площадку надлежит прежде убедиться в стабильном состоянии гелия в баллоне, установленном внутри бака с жидким кислородом во второй ступени ракеты (гелий необходим для поддержания высокого давления в баке). Экипаж поднимется на борт за два часа до старта, система эвакуации на этапе пуска активируется приблизительно за 38 минут до него, еще через три минуты начинается процедура закачки ракетного топлива и жидкого кислорода.

Как уточнило NASA, отсчет времени до старта может быть остановлен в любое время вплоть до последнего мгновения. "При маловероятном случае возникновения чрезвычайной ситуации до или непосредственно после старта системы эвакуации позволят астронавтам безопасно покинуть борт", - заверило космическое ведомство США.

О конкуренте

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Ранее NASA назвало имена астронавтов, которые первыми совершат полеты на космических кораблях Dragon и CTS-100 Starliner. Как сообщил директор ведомства Джим Брайденстайн, создаваемый корпорацией Boeing CTS-100 Starliner будут первыми пилотировать Эрик Боу и Крис Фергюсон, ранее уже совершавшие полеты на кораблях Space Shuttle, а также Николь Амапу-Манн, для которой предстоящий полет будет первым. Первый регулярный полет к МКС на корабле Starliner совершат Джон Кассада и Сунита Уильямс, а на Dragon - Майкл Хопкинс и Виктор Гловер.

Первый непилотируемый полет космического корабля производства Boeing, как ожидается, состоится не ранее конца нынешнего или начала будущего года в связи с проблемами, выявленными в ходе испытаний двигателей для аварийного прекращения полета. Как сообщал интернет-портал Space.com со ссылкой на вице-президента корпорации Джона Малхолланда, пилотируемый полет может состояться в середине 2019 года.

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Chris B - NSF‏ @NASASpaceflight 33 мин. назад

ARTICLE:

Falcon 9 booster fires up as astronauts visit SpaceX Fleet -

https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2018/09/falcon-9-fires-up-astronauts-spacex-fleet/ ...

Many thanks to @julia_bergeron for the SpaceX Fleet and Astros pics.

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Commercial Crew: Astronaut Flight Prep

NASAKennedy

Опубликовано: 13 сент. 2018 г.

From trying on spacesuits to preparing for potential emergencies, see how astronauts are getting ready to fly on the test flights and first missions of Boeing's Starliner and SpaceX's Crew Dragon.

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[Чебурашка]

Перенос на декабрь

Musk: uncrewed Dragon test flight now December (was November) and crewed test flight in 2Q/2019 (was April).

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Jeff Foust‏ @jeff_foust 17 ч. назад

Musk: uncrewed Dragon test flight now December (was November) and crewed test flight in 2Q/2019 (was April).


38 мин. назад

Benji Reed, SpaceX: Dragon for Demo-1 (uncrewed) mission, in integration for launch "soon." Demo-2 on track to be shipped early next year.
#AIAASpace


17 мин. назад

Reed: we see a lot of opportunities out there for non-NASA Crew Dragon missions, working with a number of potential partners.
#AIAASpace


12 мин. назад

Reed: plan to follow same strategy for reuse for Crew Dragon as for cargo version: initially fly new vehicles each time, but work with NASA to define a certification path for later reuse.
#AIAASpace

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Tom McCool‏ @Cygnusx112 3 ч. назад

#SpaceX is installing the emergency egress system that the #Astronauts would use to leave the pad in an emergency. It's a slide wire system like the Space Shuttle used. @NASASpaceflight

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Chris B - NSF‏ @NASASpaceflight 15:05 - 19 сент. 2018 г.

ARTICLE:
SpaceX finalizing Pad 39A upgrades for return to crew operations -

https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2018/09/spacex-pad-39a-upgrades-return-crew-operations/ ...

- by Ian Atkinson (@IanPineapple)

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Bob Behnken‏Подлинная учетная запись @AstroBehnken 6 мин. назад

I expect @Astro_Doug and I will be smiling even wider when we launch again from @NASAKennedy on @SpaceX's 1st crewed mission! #LaunchAmerica

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Commercial Crew: Supporting Critical Research

NASAKennedy

Опубликовано: 26 сент. 2018 г.

Boeing and SpaceX are getting ready to launch astronauts from U.S. soil, but getting off the ground is just the beginning. Once they arrive at the International Space Station, astronauts will be working on research to improve life on Earth, and help us send humans into deep space—farther than ever before.

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