Commercial Resupply Services 2 (CRS2)

[triage]

https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-awards-international-space-station-cargo-transport-contracts
Jan. 15, 2016 16-007
NASA Awards International Space Station Cargo Transport Contracts

NASA has awarded three cargo contracts to ensure the critical science, research and technology demonstrations that are informing the agency's journey to Mars are delivered to the International Space Station (ISS) from 2019 through 2024. The agency unveiled its selection of Orbital ATK of Dulles, Virginia; Sierra Nevada Corporation of Sparks, Nevada; and SpaceX of Hawthorne, California to continue building on the initial resupply partnerships with two American companies.

These Commercial Resupply Services (CRS-2) contracts are designed to obtain cargo delivery services to the space station, disposal of unneeded cargo, and the return of research samples and other cargo from the station back to NASA. 

Спойлер

"Few would have imagined back in 2010 when President Barack Obama pledged that NASA would work 'with a growing array of private companies competing to make getting to space easier and more affordable,' that less than six years later we'd be able to say commercial carriers have transported 35,000 pounds of space cargo (and counting!) to the International Space Station -- or that we'd be so firmly on track to return launches of American astronauts to the ISS from American soil on American commercial carriers. But that is exactly what is happening," said NASA Administrator Charles Bolden. "Today's announcement is a big deal that will move the president's vision further into the future."

[свернуть]

The contracts, which begin upon award, guarantee a minimum of six cargo resupply missions from each provider. The contracts also include funding ISS integration, flight support equipment, special tasks and studies, and NASA requirement changes.

Спойлер

"The second generation of commercial cargo services to low-Earth orbit begins today," said Kirk Shireman, ISS Program manager at NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston. "By engaging American companies for cargo transportation, we can focus our attention on using this one-of-a-kind laboratory in the sky to continue advancing scientific knowledge for the benefit of all humanity."
Selecting multiple providers assures access to ISS so crew members can continue to conduct the vital research of the National Lab. Awarding multiple contracts provides more options and reduces risk through a variety of launch options and mission types, providing the ISS program a robust portfolio of cargo services that will be necessary to maximize the utility of the station.

[свернуть]

NASA has not yet ordered any missions, but will make a total of six selections from each menu of mission options at fixed prices, as needed. Each task order has milestones with specified amounts and performance dates. Each mission requires complex preparation and several years of lead time. Discussions and engineering assessments will begin soon, leading to integration activities later this year to ensure all space station requirements are met, with the first missions beginning in late 2019.

"These resupply flights will be conducted in parallel with our Commercial Crew Program providers' flights that enable addition of a seventh astronaut to the International Space Station. This will double the amount of crew time to conduct research," said Julie Robinson, chief scientist for the ISS Program. "These missions will be vital for delivering the experiments and investigations that will enable NASA and our partners to continue this important research."

The agency applied knowledge gained from the first commercial resupply contracts with Orbital ATK and SpaceX and required a number of key enhancements for these contracts. This includes starting with a requirement for a minimum of six missions as opposed to delivery of metric tons; a variety of delivery, return and disposal capabilities for both pressurized and unpressurized cargo, as well as an optional accelerated return; and the addition of an insurance requirement to cover damage to government property during launch services, reentry services or transportation to, from, in proximity of, or docking with the space station.

While the maximum potential value of all contracts is $14 billion from 2016 through 2024, NASA will order missions, as needed, and the total prices paid under the contract will depend on which mission types are ordered.

"We plan to order services based on our current estimates of station needs, which provides NASA important flexibility to maximize the use of the space station," said Shireman. "We look forward to beginning work with these new contractors to understand the details of the services that they have proposed and understand the details of how these services will benefit ISS. The indefinite delivery/indefinite quantity contract enables us to adjust as necessary for additional missions or contingencies so we can provide the greatest benefits possible from this great international asset."

Спойлер

NASA's service contracts to resupply the space station have changed the way the agency does business in low-Earth orbit. With these contracts, NASA continues to advance commercial spaceflight and the American jobs it creates.
For 15 years, humans have been living continuously aboard the space station to advance scientific knowledge and demonstrate new technologies, making research breakthroughs not possible on Earth that also will enable long-duration human and robotic exploration into deep space. A truly global endeavor, more than 200 people from 15 countries have visited the unique microgravity laboratory that has hosted more than 1,700 research investigations from researchers in more than 83 countries. For more information on the space station and its crew members, visit:http://www.nasa.gov/station
For breaking news and features, follow the International Space Station on Twitter at : https://twitter.com/Space_Station

[свернуть]

[silentpom]

Astro Cat пишет:

silentpom пишет:
так и птичка из 70х

Это "Спираль" чтоль? Она опередила время.

«Это — фантастика. Нужно заниматься реальным делом» Минобороны Гречко

лапоть как лапоть, несущие корпуса были в 60ые. А время там опередил двигатель на фторе. Птичка в спирали была самым простым компонентом

[Quооndo]

Можно предполагать что после SRC2 выберут для всего (и для пилотажки и для грузовых миссии) только один аппарат из имеющихся? Конечно при условии что они нужны будут на НОО после 2024-года? Тоже очень рад за SNC. Не понимаю зачем нужно 3 грузовика и 2 пилотажки

[triage]

Quооndo пишет:
Можно предполагать что после SRC2 выберут для всего (и для пилотажки и для грузовых миссии) только один аппарат из имеющихся? Конечно при условии.....Не понимаю зачем нужно 3 грузовика и 2 пилотажки

А разницу между грузовиками можешь привести   

[Apollo13]

Если после 2024 будет станция в лагранже то по крайней мере драконы и сигнус можно пристроить туда пересадив на более мощные рн. Старлайнер наверняка тоже. Также есть презентация орбитал с сигнусом в качестве бо для Ориона для полетов к Луне. Так что всем кроме самолетика работа найдётся.

[silentpom]

Quооndo пишет:
Можно предполагать что после SRC2 выберут для всего (и для пилотажки и для грузовых миссии) только один аппарат из имеющихся?

нет, такого не будет. будет сохранен принцип гарантированности, т.е. минимум 2 поставщика одной услуги

[triage]

здесь много интересного про желаемое и новинки http://www.americaspace.com/?p=90655

[Димитър]

По ссылке:
Joe
January 15, 2016 at 2:06 pm · Reply
Interesting and informative article:

(1) Six year contract beginning in 2019. Does CRS1 now extend to the end of 2018?
(2) Minimum 18 and Maximum 24 (average of four flights per year) flights during the period.
(3) Up-mass between 5,500 lbs to 11,000 lbs (only Sierra Nevada capable of meeting max).
(4) Maximum cost of $14B.

NASA certainly appears to have learned something from the CRS1 contract. There are no specified metrics by which CRS2 can be independently evaluated. Guess we will just have to take their word everything is going great.

Still, making an attempt a bounding the situation, if you assume:
(1) The maximum 24 flights.
(2) The maximum $14B.
(3) Each Flight carries the 11,000 lb max. (Which only Sierra Nevada could do).

That would come to $53,000/lb.

As compared to the agreed to (but unmet) CRS1 figures:
(1) Orbital Sciences $43,000/lb.
(2) SpaceX $36,000/lb.

[triage]

Димитър пишет:
(1) Six year contract beginning in 2019. Does CRS1 now extend to the end of 2018?

Вопрос конечно хороший. В расписании пусков обозначение меняется на USTV-... в начале 2018 календарного года и продолжается в 2020 году

(в early - Cygnus OA-10e (CRS1) - Antares-230 - MARS LP-0A  наверное ошиблись CRS10)

[Практик]

Apollo13 пишет:
Если после 2024 будет станция в лагранже то по крайней мере драконы и сигнус можно пристроить туда пересадив на более мощные рн. Старлайнер наверняка тоже. Также есть презентация орбитал с сигнусом в качестве бо для Ориона для полетов к Луне. Так что всем кроме самолетика работа найдётся.

Не получится пристроить...
Рождённый ползать, летать не может!

[Apollo13]

Что рожденному для завоевания галактики Дракону какой-то несчастный Лагранж?

[triage]

http://procurement.jsc.nasa.gov/sss/CRS2%20Source%20Selection%20Statement.pdf (архив)
Source Selection Statement for the ISS Commercial Resupply Services 2 (CRS2) Contract National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Solicitation Number NNJ14507542R)

 http://spacenews.com/nasa-offers-more-details-on-cargo-contract-decision/
NASA offers more details on cargo contract decision
by Jeff Foust — February 5, 2016
WASHINGTON — NASA documents about the selection of commercial cargo contracts announced in January show that SpaceX had the highest technical ratings of the three winning companies, but also, by one metric, the highest price.
NASA released Feb. 5 the source selection statement for the Commercial Resupply Services (CRS) 2 contracts, which the agency awarded Jan. 14 to Orbital ATK, Sierra Nevada Corporation (SNC) and SpaceX to transport cargo to and from the International Space Station. The statement provides details about NASA's evaluation of the CRS-2 proposals and the rationale for selecting the winning companies.
....
The source selection statement also confirmed that, beyond the three winning companies, Boeing and Lockheed Martin were the only others to submit proposals. The document, however, offers few details about why those companies failed to win contracts.
According to the statement, an initial review of the proposals submitted in December 2014 found that Lockheed Martin was not in the "competitive range" and thus was no longer considered for evaluation. NASA contacted the other four companies in May 2015, who upd ated their proposals by July.
In November, NASA decided to narrow the competitive range of CRS-2 proposals again, excluding those proposals "that were no longer among the most highly rated." That dropped Boeing from the competition, although the source selection statement gave no additional information on what se t Boeing apart from the other three companies.
.....

[triage]

Однако занятно что SpaceX предложил самую большую стоимость

[Apollo13]

http://spacenews.com/spacex-wins-5-new-space-station-cargo-missions-in-nasa-contract-estimated-at-700-million/

SpaceX wins 5 new space station cargo missions in NASA contract estimated at $700 million

NASA has awarded five additional space station cargo-supply missions to SpaceX in a late-December contract with an undisclosed value that industry officials estimate at around $700 million.

The contract, signed just before Christmas, was not announced at the time by either party but has been confirmed by both. It brings to 20 the number of missions now assigned to SpaceX under the Commercial Resupply Services (CRS) contract first signed in 2008.

In contrast, the other company performing CRS missions, Orbital ATK of Dulles, Virginia, has been assigned just 10 flights and was not part of the end-year orders.

NASA spokeswoman Cheryl M. Warner did not directly address whether the new contracts were competed.

"We order resupply flights from our commercial providers via the contract modification process based on the mission needs to resupply the international space station," Warner said Feb. 23.

Hawthorne, California-based SpaceX and Orbital ATK signed separate CRS contracts in 2008. The contract has proved resistant to outside analysis because both NASA and its suppliers have invoked commercial sensitivity in declining to disclose details.

It has become only more complicated with the passage of time.

Originally designed as a service arrangement wherein NASA pays for an agreed-to amount of cargo delivered to the station, the CRS terms and conditions have evolved to account for the number of launchers involved, and not just the kilograms delivered, NASA spokeswoman Stephanie L. Schierholz said Feb. 23.

For example, the Orbital contract included an 11th launch, which was subsequently spread out over other missions, she said.

SpaceX's original CRS contract was valued at $1.6 billion and was to cover the delivery of 20,000 kilograms of supplies to the space station. The original estimate was that this would cover 12 launches of the SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket and its Dragon cargo capsule, which is capable of returning experiment hardware to Earth once its mission to the space station is completed.

Orbital's contract was valued at $1.9 billion and was intended to cover eight launches of Orbital's Antares rocket, which unlike Falcon 9 had not yet flown when the CRS work was booked. The Orbital Cygnus canister is burned up in the atmosphere after each mission and is not able to return payload to Earth.

Both companies booked further CRS orders – the 9th and 10th mission for Orbital, and the 13th, 14th and 15th for SpaceX – in early 2015 as part of CRS contract extensions. SpaceX President Gwynne Shotwell said at the time that the SpaceX work was valued at about $150 million per mission for the three new orders. SpaceX's original CRS contract averaged $133.3 million per launch mission.

Schierholz said CRS is being managed as an indefinite-delivery, indefinite-quantity contract with Orbital and SpaceX under which the companies are promised a maximum of $3.1 billion each. But there is no guarantee that this figure will be reached.

Under such an arrangement, NASA is free to pursue work orders with one or the other contractor without running competitive bids for each mission.

NASA in January contracted with three companies – Orbital and SpaceX, plus Sierra Nevada Corp. of Sparks, Nevada – for a CRS-2 contract covering cargo missions between 2019 and 2024.

Each company has been promised a minimum of six missions under the contract, which will cost NASA up to $14 billion between 2016 and 2024. The exact budget will depend on the mix of vehicles needed to meet the station's requirements at the time.

NASA said in its statement on CRS-2 that SpaceX and Orbital combined had delivered around 16,000 kilograms of cargo to the orbital complex.

It is unclear whether the December award to SpaceX indicates that Orbital's Cygnus is falling out of favor with the agency as it assesses space station requirements in the coming years.

"NASA assigns the CRS missions using ISS requirements as the primary determinant for the award," Orbital spokeswoman Vicki Cox said Feb. 24. "We are ready to support additional cargo resupply flights based on NASA's requirements and specific needs for future missions."

SpaceX заключила контракт на 5 дополнительных миссий. Точная сумма неизвестна, но ее оценивают в 700 млн (140 млн за миссию). Ранее был заключен контракт на 3 дополнительных миссии по 150 млн за каждую.

Максимальная сумма, обещанная SpaceX и Orbital ATK - 3,1 млрд каждой, но она может быть и не достигнута. 

Потенциально НАСА может потратить на CRS 14 млрд с 2016 по 2024. Но при цене миссии в 150 млн получается 93 миссии или 10 в год, что маловероятно.

[Apollo13]

https://twitter.com/pbdes/status/705012358209527808

Peter B. de Selding‏@pbdes

Orbital CEO: We are hoping for 1-2 more NASA gapfiller CRS cargo missions to the space station before the big CRS-2 contract starts in 2019.

Орбитал АТК надеются получить от НАСА еще 1-2 грузовых миссии до начала действия CRS-2 в 2019.

[Salo]

http://www.parabolicarc.com/2016/02/16/spacex-highest-crs2-score-mission-cost/

[Apollo13]

NASA'S RESPONSE TO SPACEX'S JUNE 2015 LAUNCH FAILURE: IMPACTS ON COMMERCIAL RESUPPLY OF THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION 


https://oig.nasa.gov/audits/reports/FY16/IG-16-025.pdf

[Salo]

Jeff Foust ‏@jeff_foust 14 ч.14 часов назад
Reed: we'll use Dragon 2 for our CRS-2 missions, with propulsive landing (vs. splashdown). #ISPCS2016

[Salo]

Jeff Foust ‏@jeff_foust  13 ч.13 часов назад  
Sirangelo discussing other Dream Chaser roles, including satellite servicing; says it could even service Hubble again. #ISPCS2016
 
  Jeff Foust ‏@jeff_foust  13 ч.13 часов назад  
Mark Sirangelo, SNC: going into second phase of flight testing of Dream Chaser vehicle later this year. #ISPCS2016

[triage]

После спора с Валерием по возможностям Дракона 

А SpaceX (ну и Орбитал) выполнили условия?

 https://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2008/dec/HQ_C08-069_ISS_Resupply.html
Dec. 23, 2008

NASA Awards Space Station Commercial Resupply Services Contracts
 
WASHINGTON -- NASA has awarded two contracts -- one to Orbital Sciences Corp. of Dulles, Va., and one to Space Exploration Technologies (SpaceX) of Hawthorne, Calif. -- for commercial cargo resupply services to the International Space Station. At the time of award, NASA has ordered eight flights valued at about $1.9 billion from Orbital and 12 flights valued at about $1.6 billion from SpaceX. 

These fixed-price indefinite delivery, indefinite quantity contracts will begin Jan. 1, 2009, and are effective through Dec. 31, 2016. The contracts each call for the delivery of a minimum of 20 metric tons of upmass cargo to the space station.

Спойлер

The contracts also call for delivery of non-standard services in support of the cargo resupply, including analysis and special tasks as the government determines are necessary. 

NASA has set production milestones and reviews on the contracts to monitor progress toward providing services. The maximum potential value of each contract is about $3.1 billion. Based on known requirements, the value of both contracts combined is projected at $3.5 billion. 

These agreements will fulfill NASA's need to procure cargo delivery services to the space station using a U.S. commercial carrier after the retirement of the space shuttle.

[свернуть]

 

Или они были изменены?

У меня получилось около 16 тонн до декабря 2016 года.

SpaceX на сайте имеет http://www.spacex.com/dragon 6,000kg

А в том древнем 2008 году контракте указано

https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/pdf/418857main_sec_nnj09ga04b.pdf
All per kilogram pricing assumes cargo mass capacity fully utilized (3310 kg upmass and 3310 kg dowumass).
...
Maximum combined pressurized downmass and unpressurized downmass is 3,310 kg, which can be all unpressurized disposal mass or up to 2,500 kg of return (cargo or disposal mass). Pressurized downmass is driven by parachute limitations.
• Maximum combined pressurized and unpressurized upmass is 3,310 kg, which can be all pressurized, all unpressurized or anywhere in between.