Intelsat: под микроскопом

[Sharicoff]

Глобальная подсистема морской связи C-диапазона. Включает три КА (Intelsat-602, -707 и -906), два основных (Риверсайд и Фуксштадт) и два резервных (Атланта и Маунтинсайд) телепорта.



http://www.intelsat.com/services/telecom/mobility/maritime-product-specifications.asp
http://www.intelsat.com/_files/resources/knowledge/datasheets/ds-global-maritime-services.pdf

[Sharicoff]

Про БПЛА:

Intelsat General is highly experienced in providing beyond line-of-sight reachback and Command and Control to support high-data-rate unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) missions that are typical with the Predator or Global Hawk. In fact, Intelsat recently launched the Horizons 2 Satellite specifically designed to support the high-bandwidth requirements of today's UAV / UAS market. Horizon 2's unique 72 MHz channelization will support the industry's highest UAV throughput, and just one of the four 72 Mhz transponders can support one Global Hawk mission or up to five simultaneous Predator missions.
The Horizons 2 satellite is configured with two primary beams: One footprint provides full continental United States (CONUS) coverage while the other transmits a "boomerang-shaped" beam that skirts the entire eastern coast of North America and the Caribbean Islands with coverage extending over 300 nautical miles out to sea.
The ability to support multiple UAV missions for intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance makes Horizons 2 an important component for CONUS imagery and data dissemination and for broad area maritime surveillance along the East Coast of the United States.

http://www.intelsatgeneral.com/docs/cotm.pdf

[Sharicoff]

Дополнительную связную ПН UHF-диапазона для вооруженных сил Австралии предполагается установить на борту Intelsat-22 в рамках программы Hosted Payload Program.

Australian Defence Force Extends Hosted Payload Contract on Intelsat 22[/size]
Luxembourg, 28 April 2010
Intelsat S.A., the world's leading provider of fixed satellite services, announced today an expansion of its April 2009 agreement for UHF hosted payload services with the Australian Defence Force (ADF). The ADF exercised its option to purchase the remainder of the specialized UHF communications payload that Intelsat is integrating within its Intelsat 22 satellite, scheduled for launch in the first quarter of 2012. This announcement follows today's historic Memorandum of Understanding signing between the Commonwealth of Australia and the United States, under the terms of which UHF communications resources will be shared between the two countries.
"Our growing partnership with the ADF is an example of the long-term capabilities that can be provided by commercial satellite operators to government and military users. As a result of our direct partnership with the ADF, we are building a payload that will serve the ADF's growing communication requirements for the next two decades," said Don Brown, Vice President for Hosted Payload Programs at Intelsat General Corp., an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of Intelsat. "This agreement extends Intelsat's ongoing commitment to the Australian government and exemplifies the powerful tool that hosted payloads offer government users for SATCOM augmentation."
The Intelsat 22 satellite, which will be positioned at 72° East longitude, will provide optimal coverage for growing opportunities for enterprise networks, mobility and defense-related applications.

http://www.intelsatgeneral.com/docs/news/2010-04-28_ADF.pdf

[Sharicoff]

Еще про Интелсат и БПЛА:

Intelsat Repositions Satellite to Serve Military Units in Asia & Mideast[/size]
Award Reflects the Flexibility of the Intelsat Fleet
Bethesda, MD, March 24, 2009 – Intelsat General Corp., an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Intelsat Ltd., has been awarded a multiyear contract under which Intelsat will reposition one of the company's satellites halfway around the globe to serve military units in Iraq and Afghanistan.
Following an urgent call from the Pentagon's Joint staff on February 6, Intelsat responded with a solution to reposition one of its domestic U.S. satellites, Galaxy 26, to a new orbital location in the Indian Ocean region. Intelsat began moving Galaxy 26 from its orbital slot at 93

[Sharicoff]

Специализированный операционный центр Интелсата (Intelsat General's Secure Operations Center, ISOC) для работы с военными и правительственными заказчиками. Пишут, что центр отвечает требованиям по обеспечению секретности. Расположение - на территории телепорта Элленвуд (резервный - в Лонг-Бич).

Fully Cleared Facility
• All U.S. citizens, cleared staff
• Isolated within Ellenwood teleport, near Atlanta, GA
• Secure telephone lines, isolated from Intelsat, Ltd
• Secure telecommunication, STU III or STE
• Secure document protection meeting DoD specs
• Meets DoD specifications for access control
• Systems and procedures established to insure anonymity

http://www.intelsatgeneral.com/docs/ISOC.pdf

[Sharicoff]

Объявлено о начале работ над КА Intelsat-27.
http://www.intelsat.com/_files/press_releases/intelsatgeneral/2010/2010-Intelsat_27_Satellite-Include-UHF-Payload.pdf

Помимо основной ПН (стволы С и Ku диапазонов) спутник будет нести дополнительную ПН UHF-диапазона для нужд правительства США (затычка между UFO и MUOS).

Intelsat Starts Construction of Intelsat 27 Satellite Will Include UHF Payload for Government Users

Luxembourg, 16 August 2010

Intelsat S.A., the world's leading provider of fixed satellite services, announced today that it has commenced construction of the Intelsat 27 satellite (IS-27). IS-27 will have a hybrid C- and Ku-band design for media and network customers and will be augmented with a 20 x 25 kHz channel UHF payload for use in government applications. IS-27 is expected to be launched by December 2012 and will be placed in the Atlantic Ocean Region as a replacement for the Intelsat 805 satellite.
The IS-27 UHF hosted payload provides capability to complement the existing UHF Follow-On (UFO) and future Multi-User Objective System (MUOS) satellites. The payload supports DAMA and IW operations, and is digitally tunable and completely interoperable with existing terminals.
"Intelsat has been providing commercial UHF services to the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) and our allies since the MARISAT and LEASAT programs. This payload continues that heritage and builds upon our current program with the Australian Defence Force," said Don Brown, Vice President of Hosted Payloads for Intelsat General Corporation. "The IS-27 UHF payload will be functionally equivalent to the Navy's UFO-11 satellite."
In March 2010, the Navy submitted a UHF augmentation plan to Congress. A commercially hosted UHF payload was one of the solutions described to mitigate the shortfall in UHF capability. On May 10, 2010, SPAWAR issued a Sources Sought notice to industry requesting solutions for UHF augmentation.
"Our intended customers for this payload are the Navy and DoD tactical users, as well as NATO and other allies," said Kay Sears, President of Intelsat General Corporation. "The requirements outlined in the Sources Sought were at the forefront of our payload design process. Intelsat's payload will arrive at a critical time and location to sustain warfighter communications."
Sears continued, "We understand the military's need for control and autonomy, and plan to offer our customers a variety of different contractual options for this UHF payload."
Intelsat signed an agreement with Boeing Space and Intelligence Systems for manufacturing of IS-27 earlier this month. Intelsat authorized Boeing to proceed with the UHF hosted payload in the second quarter of 2010 for long-lead construction in order to meet a launch date in 2012.

[Sharicoff]

Компания NewWave Broadband Ltd. арендовала транспондеры Ku-диапазона для морской системы передачи данных на готовящихся к запуску КА Intelsat-19 и Intelsat-22.

Intelsat Network Expands NewWave Broadband's Maritime Communications Offering

Luxembourg, 3 November 2010

Intelsat S.A., the world's leading provider of fixed satellite services, announced that NewWave Broadband Ltd., one of the major suppliers of maritime data services, signed a multi-transponder, multi-year contract for Ku-band capacity on two future Intelsat satellites. The Intelsat 19 (IS-19) and Intelsat 22 (IS-22) satellites, to be located at 166

[Sharicoff]

XTAR, LLC и Intelsat General заключили соглашение об использовании транспондеров X-диапазона на спутнике XTAR-LANT.

XTAR + Intelsat General... X-Band Obtained (MILSATCOM)

[SatNews] XTAR, LLC, the first U.S. commercial provider of satellite services in the X-band frequency, has been awarded a bandwidth contract from Intelsat General Corporation.

The contract calls for XTAR to provide Intelsat General with 16MHz of high power X-band services from its XTAR-LANT satellite stationed over the Atlantic Ocean. The capacity will be employed in support of military, mobile, manpack terminals prior to deployment into the field. The contract expands the relationship between the two companies that started when they inked a Master Sales Agreement in May. According to Kay Sears, President of Intelsat General, "This agreement with XTAR will enable both companies to satisfy the customer's unique requirements for flexible and advanced X-band satellite capacity." Philip Harlow, XTAR president and COO, hailed the contract award as a significant development in his company's relationship with major satellite operator Intelsat General: "XTAR is committed to the success of all its customers by providing a superior experience which exceeds the unique mission requirements of governments worldwide. We are dedicated to providing highly secure, reliable services supported by consultative relationships and operational independence for our partners and clients."

XTAR-LANT, located at 30 degrees West, entered service in April 2006, carrying eight, 100W wideband X-band transponders in right- and left-hand circular polarization. This extremely flexible payload makes it ideal for X-band services in North America for homeland security applications and one-hop connectivity to Europe and the Middle East. The satellite covers a large geographic area with its two global beams and three spot beams that can be relocated within the satellite's coverage area. This flexibility, added to XTAR-EUR's coverage of Asia, adds tremendous capabilities for government and military users across most of the globe. As the first commercial provider of services in the X-band frequency, XTAR is exclusively dedicated to serving the long-haul communications needs of U.S. and Allied military and government organizations. Its two owned and operated payloads provide 4 GB of X-band capacity from Denver east to Singapore.

http://www.satnews.com/cgi-bin/story.cgi?number=2110721636

[Sharicoff]

Following an urgent call from the Pentagon's Joint staff on February 6, Intelsat responded with a solution to reposition one of its domestic U.S. satellites, Galaxy 26, to a new orbital location in the Indian Ocean region.

Кстати, сегодня обнаружил, что в первой половине 2010 года аналогичную передислокацию с запада на восток выполнил еще один калека - Galaxy-27. Не удивлюсь, если окажется, что и цель перестановки - та же самая (а именно - обеспечение БПЛА).

[zyxman]

А в каких широтах обеспечивается связь?

[Старый]

А фактическое количество транспондеров на Интелсатах и их параметры по прежнему засекречены?

[Sharicoff]

А фактическое количество транспондеров на Интелсатах и их параметры по прежнему засекречены?

На момент перегона (2009-й) на Galaxy-26 оставалось 12 рабочих стволов. Что касается параметров - все должно быть открыто:
http://www.intelsat.com/flash/coverage-maps/sat_foot.html?sat=G-26%20at%2051%BA%20E&display=keyparams

[Старый]

Что касается параметров - все должно быть открыто:
http://www.intelsat.com/flash/coverage-maps/sat_foot.html?sat=G-26%20at%2051%BA%20E&display=keyparams

Спасибо. Но тут нет мощности транспондеров. А что касается их количества, полосы и ЭИИМ то говорят что это не физические транспондеры а "стволы" получаемые конфигурировнием физических транспондеров.

[Старый]

Вот например наугад Интелсат-706:
http://www.intelsat.com/flash/coverage-maps/is-706-72.html

C-Band:
Ku-Band: up to 42
(in equiv. 36 MHz units)
up to 28
(in equiv. 36 MHz units)

А сколько транспондерв и какова их мощность физически?

[Sharicoff]

На серии 700A вроде бы было 26 транспондеров С и 14 Ku. Насчет мощности - не знаю.

[Старый]

Насчет мощности - не знаю.

Вот! И никто не знает. Как ни смешно но похоже эта информация засекречена.

[Sharicoff]

Интересное наблюдение. Надо будет покопаться.

[X]

а не могут радиолюбители примерно оценить?

[mik73]

Что касается параметров - все должно быть открыто:
http://www.intelsat.com/flash/coverage-maps/sat_foot.html?sat=G-26%20at%2051%BA%20E&display=keyparams

Спасибо. Но тут нет мощности транспондеров. А что касается их количества, полосы и ЭИИМ то говорят что это не физические транспондеры а "стволы" получаемые конфигурировнием физических транспондеров.

А какая нужна мощность транспондера? На выходе передатчика в Ваттах? Подводимая к выходному каскаду передатчика в Ваттах? Потребляемая транспондером (всей системой "приемник+конвертер частоты+передатчик" в Ваттах?

Практически интересной (для пользователя) величиной является как раз ЭИИМ (оно же EIRP) - эквивалентная изотропно излучаемая мощность.

Которая считается как "мощность, которую имел бы передатчик транспондера, если бы сигнал излучался равномерно во все стороны. Считается как мощность на выходе передачика минус потери на согласование с антенной плюс усиление антенны.

Сигнал в формируем антенной "пятне" спадает от центар к краям, поэтому ЭИИМ в центре "пятна" выше, чем на краях.
Считается ЭИИМ в децибелах к миллиВатту (dBm).
50dBm соотвествует излучаемой мощности 100 Ватт.

Можно оценить соотвествие ЭИИМ и мощности собственно передатчика на транспондере, глядя на размер пятна. (пальцем в небо, навскидку, по аналогии).

Для Galaxy 26 в приципе диаграмма в Ku похожа на "широкий" луч Экспресс АМ1 и АМ22 - это ~100 Ватт мощности на транспондер. ЧТо там в С - непонятно, карты покрытяи нет.

Что касается "стволов" по ссылке - то вот это как "истинные" частотные диапазоны транспондеров.  По 54 МГц в Ku и по 27 МГц в C.

Есть еще так называемые "эквивалентные". Поскольку на разных спутниках ширина полосы транспондеров разная (а может быть и несколько транспондеров с разной полосой), то чтобы сраниваь их друг с другом - оперируют "эквивалентными". По историческим (еще со временм ретрансляции аналогового сигнала) причинам в качестве "эталонного" используют полосу в 36 МГц.

Что с практической точки зрения опять же интереснее - можно сразу понять, какую "полную" емкость имеет данный борт.

Правда, там есть еще отдельные песни про "мощность/полоса" на одном транспондере. Что отдельная тема :-)

[Старый]

а не могут радиолюбители примерно оценить?

Так неизвестно же сколько физических транспондеров сконфигурировано в один ствол или наоборот на сколько стволов разбит один транспондер.