Квазимонокомпонентное топливо :)

[Андрей Суворов]

А эта жидкость потенциальная опасность сам по себе. Потом, обычно расплавы солей вязкие, что делает уже их малопригодными для прокачки.

У какой это соли вязкий расплав? у большинства неорганических солей расплавы жидкие, "как вода", т.е. вязкость больше, чем у воды, и бывает, что в разы (но не в десять раз!), но, за счёт большей плотности, они выглядят даже более подвижными.
Очень легкоплавкая аммиачная селитра - можно попробовать. Наиболее эффектна, и по-прежнему сравнительно низкоплавка - эвтектика хлорида калия, хлорида лития и хлорида бария - температура плавления 320, при 360 это уже жиже, чем вода!

[KBOB]

А может ионную жидкость в ионных двигателях применять?

[Туфи]

I  agree with you on this up to some point. Your answer is correct if you have production process of propellant in mind. Otherwise base compounds do not have same properites as their salts that we talk about.

Я тоже с Integer не вполне согласен, так как мы греем не всю массу чистого гидроксиламина (а он действительно взрывчат), а впрыскиваем через форсунку. Другое дело, что Интегер не обратил внимание на совершенно другой неправилтный аспект этой идеи!

В ЖРД мы охлаждаем сопло топливом!!!!  Здесь же это невозможно, так как имеем крайне опасную взрывчатую смесь. Что касается гидрокиламина, то придется избегать возгонки его солей перед форсункой, так как соль в парах как известно обратимо диссоциирует на кислоту и свободное основание, которое обязательно рванет.

I have noticed that Integer is banned and I feel somehow bad about it as it looks to me that he get into trouble because he had answered to mine question. I agree Alex sublimation of various amino compound salts is inevitable. It is part of the decomposition process the way I see it but that makes it also hardly controlable process.

I have my doubts about enthalpy of their salt decomposition reactions being the real reason for going to a more complex molecule. Oxygen disbalance is small in case of hydroxylamine salt. I guessed that they included those two carbon atoms in this hydrazine derivative to exploit that oxygen but then they have oxygen shortage (or they carry on combustion of carbon to carbon monoxide stage). Those two carbons will increase energy output anyway.

так попробуйте посчитать гипотетический гидроксиламин с подходящим составом!  Кстати, энтальпии образования ощутимо отличаются:

гидроксиламин -115 кДж/моль
гидразин  +50,5 кДж/моль

Это ощутимая разница, энергия уже накоплена в самой связи азот-азот. Хотя конечно, чем больше углеродов в модификации, тем меньше эта разница ошутима.

Thanks for doing the job I have been to lazy to do myself as I have a nasty flu. I will try to do rough calculation myself when I get better. I have thought about uncomplete burning to CO and maybe they wanted to do it exactly that way as mass of CO2 is higher and at the same temperature CO and CO2 should have different speed.

3. You should find appropriate organic derivate. It is not easy task to create convinient ion-liquid.

This is what I want to know. Is this substance really ionic liquid or is it called that way because it is fashionable now? What I mean is this - you could use solution of some of those salts in water (many of them is incredibly soluble) if you realy need liquid monopropellant engine. You would loose some energy to water evaporation but also gain something in the form of higher mass of gass leaving rocket nozzle. Does ionic liquids has some advantage regarding kinetic or thermodinamic or reactions happening in rocket chamber? For example if 100% hydrogen-peroxyde could be a stable substance (I do know that is impossible) would this or any other ionic liquid substance that would have same enthalpy of decomposition has some advantage I didn't envision somehow. Did you find how will this new hydrazine derivative be stable if exposed to radiation (as if it stable that could be his advantage in prolonged spaceflight)?

в принципе, ОЧЕНЬ, ОЧЕНЬ разумно, просто добавь воды, как говорится в рекламе Но эти ребята, претендуют на самовоспламеняющееся топливо!! Для этого им и нужна ионная жидкость в сухом виде! Мне правда непонятно, зачем такие навороты.

There were some experiments with heterogenic systems Brits have done in the past. They tried to make a H2O2/kerosene rocket engine with heterogenic catalyst based on silver if I'm right. We do not see many British rockets launching satelites aren't we?;-) That also should have been self-igniting system as H2O2 during decomposition generates H2O and O2 at 800 degrees Celsius and kerosene then wouldn't mind to join the party and say "let's burn the place to the ground" :-D. I mentioned water here because of need for cooling the chamber and/or catalyst. If the amount isn't large it won't change caracteristics of the propellant too much. As for the mentioned ammonium nitrate it has solubility of 880g in 100g of water so I start wondering who has actually get dissolved there ;-)? I don't propose to use ammonium-nitrate as it is explosive substance and to control its DDT would be pain in the ass if at all possible and worth of the effort I just mentioning it here do describe how soluble some of those compounds can be. That water solution is more like I slurry if I'm not mistaken and close to viscous melt you described.

I wonder is there some energy difference we left out of our sight. If the two carbon atoms are added for extra energy and to properly utilize all available oxygen why they didn't just dissolved hydrazine-dinitrate in methanol, ethanol ect. to gain same effect? Regarding hydrazine salt and radiation stability I think they are acctually worse then in hydrazine itself. Conversion to salts generaly stabilizes amino compounds chemical properties but I think it would take less energy to brake two close positive charge on nitrogen atoms... if the actual structure is that. What if this is actually a solution of hydrazine compound mononitrate in concentrated nitric acid and that is the reason why it is liquid? We'll assume that composition is stable and that no esterification of hydroxyl group on that carbon fragment occur as I hope someone has already checked that or he is to be suprised. Maybe the fact that it is liquid is part of the answer. If you take ammonium-nitrate and dissolve it in water it cools solution as it needs an energy to brake its crystal latice which is higher then the energy of dissolution. So if you use some solution it first evaporates a solvent/fuel and you lose little energy, then it takes more energy to brake crystal latice of that compound and sublimate it. Using ionic liquid you should have less energy lost but Alex you are right I don't know how they are going to cool the catalyst and rocket chamber.

[Alex Barri]

здесь уже предлагали абляционную камеру сгорания, как для ТТРД,
но по моему графитовое сопло это одно, а целая КАМЕРА - совершенно другое.

Спирты - думаю в них ограниченная растворимость солей, хотя кто знает.
Вода растворяет идеально. Можно использовать водно-спиртовые композиции.

[Alex Barri]

А эта жидкость потенциальная опасность сам по себе. Потом, обычно расплавы солей вязкие, что делает уже их малопригодными для прокачки.

У какой это соли вязкий расплав? у большинства неорганических солей расплавы жидкие, "как вода", т.е. вязкость больше, чем у воды, и бывает, что в разы (но не в десять раз!), но, за счёт большей плотности, они выглядят даже более подвижными.
Очень легкоплавкая аммиачная селитра - можно попробовать. Наиболее эффектна, и по-прежнему сравнительно низкоплавка - эвтектика хлорида калия, хлорида лития и хлорида бария - температура плавления 320, при 360 это уже жиже, чем вода!

пожалуй да! Это ответ Никите, почему именно ионная жидкость!

[Monoceros]

Thanks for doing the job I have been to lazy to do myself as I have a nasty flu. I will try to do rough calculation my self when I get better. I have thought about uncomplete burning to CO and maybe they wanted to do it exactly that way as mass of CO2 is higher and at the same temperature CO and CO2 should have different speed.

Get well and try this: http://rocketworkbench.sourceforge.net/equil.phtml

We do not see many British rockets launching satelites aren't we?;-) That also should have been self-igniting system as H2O2 during decomposition generates H2O and O2 at 800 degrees Celsius and kerosene then wouldn't mind to join the party and say "let's burn the place to the ground" :-D. I mentioned water here because of need for cooling the chamber and/or catalyst. If the amount isn't large it won't change caracteristics of the propellant too much.

So they succeeded with the technology in their first (and the last) domestic satellite carrier rocket "Black Arrow". The rocket's engines used H2O2 as the coolant, by the way. Peroxide concentration was limited to 85% to prevent catalyst from overheating.

As for the mentioned ammonium nitrate it has solubility of 880g in 100g of water so I start wondering who has actually get dissolved there ? I don't propose to use ammonium-nitrate as it is explosive substance and to control its DDT would be pain in the ass if at all possible and worth of the effort I just mentioning it here do describe how soluble some of those compounds can be. That water solution is more like I slurry if I'm not mistaken and close to viscous melt you described.

Ammonium nitrate doesn't release much free oxygen when decomposed and conventional fuels like kerosene or alcohol won't burn with it. Especially if you dilute it with water.
Yet comparing with HTP ammonium nitrate is nearly insensitive and much denser, and also has pretty high bounded oxygen percent (higher than AP has, for example). So it is well suited in solid propellants with strong reducing agents like aluminium/magnesium etc. In fact, such propellants can yield comparable and higher Isp than AP-based in some formulations.