Antares (Taurus II)

[Apollo13]

Дмитрий В. пишет:

Apollo13 пишет:

Дмитрий В. пишет:
А OSC не пробовал закупать в Украине форсированный РД-120К (или как он там, РД-120U?). 4 штуки a la "Маяк-22/23" были бы как раз.

Он ведь тоже ни разу не летал, так что в этом смысле он ничем не лучше скажем рд-191. Кроме того кажется энергомаш "забросил" этот двигатель.

При чем здесь Энергомаш? Речь о Южмаше и КБЮ  

Рд-120 от кбю называется рд-801

[dj-chis]

http://www.arms-expo.ru/049057052048124051050048055057.html

[Salo]

http://www.spacenews.com/article/launch-report/35819antares-first-stage-engines-available-long-term-aerojet-rocketdyne-chief#.Ub86HNiBXTo

Antares First-stage Engines Available Long Term, Aerojet Rocketdyne Chief Says
By Peter B. de Selding | Jun. 17, 2013


Aerojet Rocketdyne President Warren Boley. Credit: Aerojet Rocketdyne photo
 

Спойлер

LE BOURGET, France — The president of the newly formed Aerojet Rocketdyne propulsion provider on June 17 said the company has secured an agreement with the manufacturers of Russia's NK-33 engine, which powers the U.S. Antares rocket's first stage in a version called AJ-26, to assure its long-term supply.
At a press briefing here during the Paris Air Show, Warren M. Boley Jr. said Antares prime contractor Orbital Sciences Corp. has only to sign a contract by this fall to assure that deliveries of the new engines can begin in 2016.
Originally developed for the Soviet Union's abandoned lunar program, the liquid oxygen- and kerosene-fueled NK-33 has been out of production since the 1970s. In an undated white paper making the rounds in Washington, Orbital says that after deciding to go with the NK-33/AJ-26 for Antares, the company "learned that the available AJ-26 inventory was more limited than had previously been thought due to technical issues, additional costs to make the engines flightworthy and Russian restrictions."
"The AJ-26 has been out of production for over 40 years and there are a finite and limited number of these engines remaining," the Orbital white paper states. "There are enough of these engines to support Orbital's [international space station] cargo resupply missions currently under contract and a limited number of additional missions. For Orbital to be a viable long-term competitor, it needs a long-term propulsion solution."
The questionable availability of the AJ-26 has been of such concern to Dulles, Va.-based Orbital that the company is asking the U.S. Federal Trade Commission to void, on antitrust grounds, the agreement that gives rocket maker United Launch Alliance (ULA) exclusive U.S. access to Russia's RD-180 engine. Orbital wants to purchase RD-180 engines, calling them "the only currently viable long-term engine solution" for Antares, which successfully debuted in April.
Boley disagreed. He said Aerojet has reached an agreement with NK-33 manufacturer Kuznetsov Design Bureau to restart motor production once Orbital gives the go-ahead. He did not disclose financial details, but gave the clear impression that the restarted production line, and the refurbishment of the 23 engines already purchased by Aerojet, would not represent an unwieldy spike in investment for Orbital and force the Antares prime contractor to seek the RD-180 as an alternative.
With Aerojet's $550 million acquisition of Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne now approved by U.S. antitrust regulators, the combined Aerojet Rocketdyne has an interest in both sides of the issue. The combined company is a joint-venture partner, with Energomash of Russia, in RD AMROSS, the company that supplies the RD-180 to ULA for the Atlas 5 rocket.
Boley said he could imagine lots of reasons why ULA would have insisted on an exclusive arrangement with RD AMROSS given ULA's investment in the RD-180. He did not issue an opinion on the arrangement.
But Boley and Aerojet have a much closer understanding of Antares and the AJ-26 engine, which has been a cause of concern at Orbital as a result of corroded parts.
Boley said it is only normal that an engine that was never meant to be stored long term shows signs of corrosion after 40 years.
Boley said 43 NK-33 engines have been procured by Aerojet Rocketdyne. Twenty of them have been made ready for Orbital's initial Antares missions, to deliver cargo to the international space station for NASA. Two AJ-26 engines are needed to power the Antares core stage.
The remaining 23 have not yet been worked on, but making them ready for Antares, Boley said, does not present any financial or technical obstacles that Aerojet has not already encountered with the first 20 engines.
"No one expected they would sit around for 40 years," Boley said, adding that their condition is no worse than should be expected given the storage. "Through an overhaul and repair process we have addressed the corrosion."
Orbital officials were not immediately available for comment June 17.

[свернуть]

[Salo]

http://www.aviationweek.com/Article.aspx?id=/article-xml/AW_06_24_2013_p32-590271.xml&p=1

Orbital Frustrated By Lack Of Antares Engine Options
By Amy Butler
Source: Aviation Week & Space Technology

June 24, 2013
Credit: NASA

Amy Butler Le Bourget

Orbital Sciences is scrambling to find a liquid-propulsion rocket engine that is in production and available for export to the U.S. to pave the way for its new Antares rocket, the centerpiece of a bid to compete for commercial and government work for decades to come. But just as NASA is finally turning to commercial launch providers, the Virginia-based company is running into roadblocks that jeopardize the rocket's future after only one launch.

Orbital hopes to sell Antares well beyond the 16 missions it has already won through NASA's first Commercial Resupply Services (CRS-1) contract. But, industry officials say the company must solidify a propulsion path by early next year in order to compete for the next batch of CRS missions for NASA. That contract is potentially worth billions and would help keep Antares in production as Orbital chases its ultimate goal of winning contracts to launch U.S. military and intelligence satellites.

The NK-33 engine that powered Antares' first flight was built decades ago by Russia's Kuznetsov Design Bureau and is no longer in production. Further, Orbital is uncertain about the quality of Aerojet's remaining stockpile of 23 NK-33s, beyond those set aside for NASA's CRS-1. Aerojet Rocketdyne is Orbital's primary subcontractor and overhauls the old NK-33 engines into a configuration for Antares, dubbed AJ-26.

Orbital officials say its only current alternative is the RD-180 engine made in Russia by NPO Energomash. But the United Launch Alliance (ULA), which operates the U.S. Air Force's Atlas V and Delta IV fleets, holds exclusive rights in the U.S. to buy the RD-180.

Over the last four years, Orbital has inquired about purchasing the RD-180 from ULA, RD Amross and Energomash. "We could never get to first base on that," says Michael Hamel, the company's senior vice president of corporate strategy and development. Requests for support from the Air Force, Office of the Secretary of Defense and Congress were also met with silence, company officials say.

They suggest that these roadblocks amount to anticompetitive practices by ULA, which holds a monopoly for large government launches and uses the RD-180 to power the Atlas V Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle (EELV).

Sparked by Orbital's concerns, the U.S. Federal Trade Commission is investigating whether ULA's exclusive arrangement with Russia's RD Amross violates antitrust laws.

But, the company is not waiting for the outcome of this review to move forward. Officials are already reviewing alternatives, though the only viable option is currently the RD-180, Hamel says. Orbital has also looked at the RD-181, RD-191 and RD-193. These are either still in development, or not yet approved for export. The RD-191 is the propulsion system being developed for Russia's Angara rocket.

Meanwhile, worried about losing its exclusive business with Antares, Aerojet Rocketdyne's president, William Boley, is offering to restart NK-33 production with Kuztnetsov. Boley says in order to start deliveries as soon as 2016, when NASA's CRS-2 contract moves forward, he would need to have a deal with Orbital by this fall.

The total production rate depends on the demand for Antares, but Boley says it is likely to be at least 4-6 engines annually. The strategy is to use the new engines for Antares as quickly as possible, and draw from the remaining 23 NK-33 engines requiring overhaul as a "buffer" if problems arise in restarting the production process, says Boley.

Hamel says that unlike upstart Space Exploration Technologies (SpaceX), Orbital does not intend to compete against ULA in the large-payload market. Antares is designed to reopen a market once served by the workhorse Boeing Delta II, which was used to launch GPS and defense weather satellites in the 1990s.

If successful, Antares could impact more than just the business of other launch providers by opening the door for satellite manufacturers to take advantage of new technologies to build smaller, but equally or more capable spacecraft, Hamel says. Such a shift could also threaten traditional defense and satellite manufacturing by large primes, such as Lockheed Martin and Boeing, who sized their spacecraft to utilize as much of the available volume and thrust of these rockets to maximize their return on investment in launch costs.

[Salo]

В связи с перспективой передачи серийного производства РД-191 в Пермь интересы Орбитал и Энергомаша совпадают. Не удивлюсь если РД-181 всё-таки появится в металле.

[Salo]

http://www.spacenews.com/article/launch-report/35956orbital-sues-ula-seeks-rd-180-engines-515-million-in-damages#.UcnFfdiBXTo

Orbital Sues ULA, Seeks RD-180 Engines, $515 Million in Damages
By Dan Leone | Jun. 24, 2013

WASHINGTON — Orbital Sciences Corp., which wants to buy Russian-made RD-180 engines for its medium-lift Antares rocket, is suing rocket maker United Launch Alliance (ULA) for blocking any such sale, according to court papers dated June 20.

Orbital of Dulles, Va., claims Denver-based ULA has not only illegally prevented open-market sale of the RD-180, but also has monopolized the launch-services market for certain satellites in violation of U.S. antitrust laws, according to a complaint filed June 20 with the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia in Alexandria.

Спойлер

Orbital wants a federal judge to strike down an exclusivity agreement ULA has with its engine supplier, RD AMROSS, and to force ULA to pay Orbital at least $515 million — and potentially more than $1.5 billion — for damages arising fr om ULA's alleged monopolization of "launch systems and services used for medium-class payload missions," according to court papers. Orbital wants the case to go before a jury.

The suit marks an escalation in Orbital's spat with ULA over the Russian-made RD-180 engine, which is imported to the United States. by a company called RD AMROSS, a joint venture of United Technologies Corp. of Hartford, Conn., and NPO Energomash of Moscow, which manufactures the engine. United Technologies Corp.'s recently divested rocket propulsion division is the original U.S. partner in RD AMROSS, but the joint venture has not yet conveyed as part of that transaction.

Because of an exclusivity agreement forged decades ago with Lockheed Martin, one of ULA's two parent companies along with Boeing Co., RD AMROSS is only permitted to sell the RD-180 to ULA. Lockheed Martin, which needed a main engine for its new line of Atlas rockets, helped fund the RD-180's development.

The exclusivity arrangement has been the subject of an investigation by the antitrust division of the U.S. Federal Trade Commission since April. That review was prompted by complaints by Orbital, which viewes the RD-180 as a long-term replacement for the AJ-26 that currentlty powers the Antares rocket's first stage.

In its June complaint, Orbital alleged that ULA's exclusivity agreement with RD AMROSS violates the U.S. Sherman Antitrust Act, and that ULA's alleged monopolization of "medium-class payload missions" violates section four of the Clayton Antitrust Act.

Orbital's interest in the RD-180 stems from concerns about the long-term supply of the AJ-26, which is based on the NK-33 engine designed for the Soviet Union's failed lunar exploration program, and produced during the 1960s and 1970s. Aerojet Rocketdyne of Sacramento, Calif., purchased and refurbished a lim ited number of the engines for the Antares and says it has secured an agreement to restart production in Russia.

Orbital is under contract with NASA to use Antares and a cargo capsule dubbed Cygnus for eight cargo-delivery missions to the international space station. To begin executing on that contract, Orbital must first complete two successful demonstration missions: a test launch of Antares that took place in April; and a launch Antares carrying a Cygnus capsule, now scheduled for September.

Orbital says it has enough AJ-26 engines for these missions, but not enough for an expected set of follow-on resupply missions to the space station. Competition for these missions is expected to begin around December, and Orbital would prefer not to include NK-33s in its proposal to NASA, according to one industry source.

Aerojet Rocketdyne President Warren Boley said June 17 that Russia's NK Engines Co. — the former Kuznetsov Design Bureau — has agreed to restart NK-33 production provided Orbital signs a contract for more of the engines.

Boley would not say what it would cost to restart production, and Orbital, in a June 17 letter to Capitol Hill, said it knew neither "the technical or financial specifics" of what Boley discussed at the Paris Air Show.

Aerojet Rocketdyne was officially created June 13 when Aerojet of Sacramento acquired its main U.S. rival in the liquid propulsion business, Pratt and Whitney Rocketdyne, for $550 million. Pratt and Whitney Rocketdyne was Energomash's original partner in RD AMROSS.

Orbital spokesman Barron Beneski declined to comment on the litigation.

ULA spokeswoman Jessica Rye said the company is "aware of pending litigaton but we have not been officially served at this time."

[свернуть]

[SFN]

Salo пишет:
Не удивлюсь если РД-181 всё-таки появится в металле.

 181 это укороченный вариант 191го, специально для замены НК-33?

[pragmatik]

Salo пишет:
В связи с перспективой передачи серийного производства РД-191 в Пермь интересы Орбитал и Энергомаша совпадают. Не удивлюсь если РД-181 все-таки появится в металле.

серийность омского 191 двигателя может увеличиться, что только на руку "себестоимости" ангаре,... но бог его знает куда кривая выведет. но было бы не плохо что бы продавали 191 так же, как сейчас 180.

[Salo]

SFN пишет:

Salo пишет:
Не удивлюсь если РД-181 всё-таки появится в металле.

В смысле "РД-183"?

Именно РД-181.

[SFN]

Salo пишет:
Именно РД-181.  

Вспомнил цифирку. 181 это укороченный вариант 191го, специально для замены НК-33?

[Salo]

Подозреваю, что это вариант РД-193 с УВТ.

[Bell]

Не, это вроде как слегка измененный 180, чтоб не подпадать под соглашение с Рокетдайном.

[SFN]

Salo пишет:
Подозреваю, что это вариант РД-193 с УВТ.

Я как то постил сведенные в один масштаб 191-193-181 с фото Лукашевича. ИМХО Выглядит так типа подгоняют под компоновку 33го.

[Лютич]

Никак нет.
РД-181 относится к РД-180 так же, как и РД-151 к РД-191.

Аэроджет очень недоволен НК-33 и, помимо своих судебных исков к ЮЛЕ, ползает на брюхе перед Рогозиным, чтобы им разрешили импортировать РД-180 хотя бы в рамках ВТС.

[Bell]

Лютич пишет:
Аэроджет очень недоволен НК-33 и, помимо своих судебных исков к ЮЛЕ, ползает на брюхе перед Рогозиным, чтобы им разрешили импортировать РД-180 хотя бы в рамках ВТС.

Если это на сомом деле так, то хана котенку (НКотенку)...

[Apollo13]

А разве РД-181 это не однокамерный аналог РД-180 по тяге? Я думал он один должен заменить 2 НК-33 на Антаресе.

[Salo]

Bell пишет:
Не, это вроде как слегка измененный 180, чтоб не подпадать под соглашение с Рокетдайном.

Лютич пишет:
Никак нет.
РД-181 относится к РД-180 так же, как и РД-151 к РД-191.

Apollo13 пишет:
А разве РД-181 это не однокамерный аналог РД-180 по тяге? Я думал он один должен заменить 2 НК-33 на Антаресе.

http://www.federalspace.ru/main.php?id=2&nid=19620

В ОАО «НПО Энергомаш» проведено очередное огневое испытание ЖРД
:: 19.10.2012

 16 октября на научно-испытательном комплексе ОАО «НПО Энергомаш» без съёма со стенда проведено пятое огневое испытание экспериментального кислородно-керосинового ЖРД для первых ступеней ракет-носителей типа российской ракеты «Союз» и зарубежных ракет-носителей.

 Двигатель, оснащённый большим количеством дополнительных измерений вибро-напряжённого состояния, пульсации и температур, в ходе всех пяти испытаний отработал 678 секунд.

 Проведенным испытанием успешно завершён первый этап экспериментального подтверждения работоспособности новой модификации кислородно-керосинового ЖРД, создаваемого на основе технологий и опыта разработки двигателя РД191. Новый двигатель, имеющий тягу 200 тс у Земли, отличается от базовой конструкции введением ряда сварных соединений (камеры со статором турбины, смесительной головки газогенератора с корпусом), неподвижным креплением двигателя к ракете или через карданное соединение для качания целиком двигателя для управления вектором тяги в зависимости от конструкции ракеты.

 В отличие от РД191 новый двигатель короче по высоте на 760 мм и легче почти на 300 кг.

 Предполагается, что экспериментальный двигатель явится основой двигателя РД193 для I ступени ракеты «Союз-2.1в» лёгкого класса и других возможных модификации РН «Союз» и двигателя РД181 для I ступеней зарубежных ракет-носителей.

 Кроме того, на экспериментальном двигателе по программе, согласованной с ГНЦ ФГУП «Исследовательский центр имени М.В.Келдыша», решалась задача проверки работоспособности конструкции на режимах, соответствующих требованиям к системе МРКС (многоразовая ракетно-космическая система), разрабатываемой в рамках Федеральной космической программы.

 В настоящее время ведётся анализ результатов испытаний. Двигатель будет разобран и тщательно продефектирован. По результатам дефектации будет принято решение о возможности дальнейших испытаний и корректив в конструкторских и технологических решениях.

Пресс-службы Роскосмоса и ОАО «НПО Энергомаш»

[Ярослав]

так может они просто "внедрят" наработки по этому чуду в РД-191 и РД-180, и получат однокамерный РД-193 и двухкамерный РД-181

[SFN]

Кардан качания камеры убрали, качать будут весь двигатель. Ваш "двухкамерный РД-181" предполагается качать целиком?

[Slaanesh]

Лютич пишет:
Никак нет.
РД-181 относится к РД-180 так же, как и РД-151 к РД-191.

Аэроджет очень недоволен НК-33 и, помимо своих судебных исков к ЮЛЕ, ползает на брюхе перед Рогозиным, чтобы им разрешили импортировать РД-180 хотя бы в рамках ВТС.

это кто вам такое рассказал?