Новости МКС

[anik]

Дмитрий Фёдоров написал:
Прогрессами часто поднимают орбиту станции. Всегда интересовало - стыковочный узел Прогресса, что, лежит на оси центра массы станции? Наверное - нет? Если нет, то каким местом станция компенсирует вращение, которое ей сообщает Прогресс при включении двигателей? Или у станции свой двигатель, а Прогресс "поднимает орбиту" только за счёт своего топлива?

"Прогресс" обычно висит на агрегатном отсеке модуля "Звезда" (по оси станции) или на модуле "Пирс" (перпендикулярно ей). В обоих случаях для поддержания ориентации МКС во время маневра используются двигатели ориентации модуля "Звезда". "Прогресс" использует при маневре либо свое топливо из баков системы дозаправки или комбинированной двигательной установки, либо топливо, хранящееся в баках модулей "Заря" и "Звезда".

[Старый]

anik написал:"Прогресс" использует при маневре либо свое топливо из баков системы дозаправки или комбинированной двигательной установки, либо топливо, хранящееся в баках модулей "Заря" и "Звезда".

Век живи - век учись, так дураком и помрёшь.  
До сих пор не знал что из станции можно перегонять топливо обратно в Прогресс...  

[tnt22]

https://blogs.nasa.gov/stationreport/2020/03/11/iss-daily-summary-report-3112020/

ISS Daily Summary Report - 3/11/2020

DOSIS-3D:

 :

The crew retrieved the DOSIS-3D Passive Detector Pouch (PDP) from the Dragon vehicle and installed the ten passive detector packs and one triple detector pack at appropriate locations. This experiment uses active and passive detectors to determine the radiation doses inside the ISS and provides documentation of the actual nature and distribution of the radiation fields. A concise three dimensional dose distribution map of all the segments of the ISS will be developed based on this data and data from JAXA and NASA monitoring devices.

Engineered Heart Tissue/FE8:

 :

Using the Life Science Glovebox, the crew performed the cell culture media change for the Engineered Heart Tissue chambers. A Human induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (iPSC)-based 3D Microphysiological System for Modeling Cardiac Dysfunction in Microgravity (Engineered Heart Tissues) assesses human cardiac function in microgravity. It uses 3D cultured cardiac muscle tissue that mimics the architecture and function of adult human cardiac muscle. A magnet-based sensor placed underneath the tissue culture chamber allows real-time, non-destructive analysis of the functional performance and maturation of the tissues in space, which is compared with those cultured on Earth.

Medium Temp PCG:

 :

The crew retrieved the JAXA Protein Crystal Growth (PCG) container, started the investigation, then stowed it in Freezer-Refrigerator Of STirling cycle (FROST2). The high quality protein crystal growth experiment at moderate temperature (JAXA MT PCG) is aimed at the growth of crystals of biological macromolecules by the counter-diffusion technique or permeation method. The main scientific objective of the JAXA Moderate Temp PCG experiment is to make high quality protein crystals in the microgravity environment at moderate temperature.

Nanoracks Mod-51:

 :

The crew initiated the sub investigations contained within the Mod-51. These sub experiments are the Vitamin-C Flask with syringe, Waxworm flask, Adipic acid and Venom flex plates, Yeast and amylase mixture tubes, and Flask with Flatworms.  Inspection and/or activation of the experiments were nominal and the hardware was stowed. Nanoracks Mod-51 is an aluminum module with a Velcro lid that can accommodate various sub-experiments.

OsteoOmics-2:

 :

The crew completed media exchange for Biocell habitat 4. During the activity, they noted only 3 of the biocells were free of contamination. The media was exchanged on the 3 healthy Biocells and the 3 Biocells with contamination were bagged and frozen for later ground analysis. Cause of the contamination is under discussion. Millions of Americans experience bone loss which results from disease or the reduced effects of gravity that can occur in bed-ridden patients. OsteoOmics tests whether magnetic levitation accurately simulates the free-fall conditions of microgravity by comparing genetic expression osteoblastic cells, a type of bone cell, levitated in a high-field superconducting magnet with cells flown in low-Earth orbit. This information helps scientists determine the molecular and metabolic changes that take place in magnetic levitation and real microgravity.

PCG-10:

 :

The crew retrieved the PCG-10 hardware from its temporary ambient stow location and placed it in the permanent stow location. Microgravity Crystallization of Glycogen Synthase-Glycogenin Protein Complex (CASIS PCG 10) crystallizes human glycogen synthase proteins on the space station. These include enzymes critical for glycogen synthesis in the liver and those present in muscle. The lack of convection in microgravity can result in higher quality crystals that contribute to better understanding of a protein's structure and support development of more effective medications with fewer side effects.

Latching End Effector (LEE) A Snare Survey:

 :

Following yesterday's Space Station Remote Manipulator stem (SSRMS double walkoff, today the LEE A Snare survey was completed. The Robotics team will now unstow the Special Purpose Dexterous manipulator (SPDM) and Robot Micro Conical Tool (RMCT) in preparation for tomorrow's Material International Space Station Experiment (MISSE) operations.

[tnt22]

https://blogs.nasa.gov/spacestation/2020/03/12/station-works-external-science-maintenance-before-next-crew-launch/

Station Works External Science, Maintenance Before Next Crew Launch

Mark Garcia
Posted Mar 12, 2020 at 4:50 pm


NASA astronaut and Andrew Morgan takes photographs of the Earth fr om the Window Observation Research Facility inside NASA's Destiny laboratory module.

The Expedition 62 crew took a break today from its weeks-long space biology research aboard the International Space Station. Instead, the orbital residents focused on setting up an external science payload and maintaining life support systems.

Research takes place not only inside the space station, but also outside as scientists study how extreme temperatures and space radiation affect a variety of materials. NASA Flight Engineer Andrew Morgan configured hardware today containing a materials science experiment for installation outside the orbital lab. He placed the gear inside the Kibo laboratory module's airlock wh ere it was depressurized. The Canadarm2 robotic arm will retrieve the experiment and externally install it on the station.

NASA astronaut Jessica Meir started her day collecting samples of the station's water for microbial analysis. In the afternoon, she serviced an experiment module that can generate artificial gravity environments before working on orbital plumbing at the end of her shift.

Veteran cosmonaut and station Commander Oleg Skripochka continued more communication tests today checking two-way audio and video satellite links. He also wrapped up a study that observed Earth's upper atmosphere in visible and near-infrared wavelengths. At the end of the day, Skripochka shared his inputs for the long-running experiment researching the interactions between crews and mission controllers.

The new Expedition 63 crew is in Russia getting ready for its launch on April 9 aboard the Soyuz MS-16 crew ship. NASA astronaut Chris Cassidy with Roscosmos cosmonauts Anatoly Ivanishin and Ivan Vagner are wrapping up two days of final qualification exams. The trio will soon head to the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan for final preparations before beginning their 195-day mission aboard the orbiting lab.

[tnt22]

Space to Ground: 20x: 03/13/2020

NASA Johnson

13 мар. 2020 г.

https://www.youtube.com/embed/m5tbJ7GvaVQ (2:31)

[tnt22]

https://blogs.nasa.gov/stationreport/2020/03/12/iss-daily-summary-report-3122020/

ISS Daily Summary Report - 3/12/2020

Materials ISS Experiment (MISSE):

 :

The crew installed three MISSE Sample Carriers (MSCs) onto MISS Transfer Tray 2 (MTT 2), and installed the MTT onto the JEM airlock slide table. This is in preparation for a subsequent robotic external exchange of several MISSE Flight Facility MSCs later this week. The MISSE-FF platform provides the ability to test materials, coatings, and components or other larger experiments in the harsh environment of space, which is virtually impossible to do collectively on Earth. Testing in low-Earth orbit (LEO) allows the integrated testing of how materials react to exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UV), atomic oxygen (AO), ionizing radiation, ultrahigh vacuum (UHV), charged particles, thermal cycles, electromagnetic radiation, and micro-meteoroids in the LEO environment.

MVP-2 (Multi-use Variable-g Platform-02):

 :

In preparation for the Cell-03 investigation tomorrow, the crew replaced the hard drive and installed a new door on the MVP-2 unit. The commercially developed, owned and operated Techshot MVP includes 2 internal carousels that simultaneously can produce up to 2 g of artificial gravity. MVP is used to conduct research in space with a wide variety of sample types, such as fruit flies, flatworms, plants, fish, cells, protein crystals and many others.

Nanoracks Module-9 (Mod-9) ops 2:

 :

The crew performed the second set of operations ("Ops 2") on the Nanoracks mod-9 tubes. Ops 2 involved only the deactivation of Mixture Tube #1, which looks at double-stranded DNA break repair in haploid Saccharomyces cerevisiae under spaceflight conditions. The deactivation is accomplished by opening the blue clamp and missing the contents by shaking the tube. The experiments use NanoRacks MixStix, miniature laboratories activated by ISS crew and eventually returned to the student teams on Earth for analysis.

Water Storage System (WSS) Acoustic Measurements:

 :

The Nitrogen (N2) vent cap o-ring was removed on January 3rd to help mitigate unacceptably loud noise that the WSS N2 vent generates when venting the Storage Tanks. Before this mitigation was implemented, the noise level was around 85 dBA with crew wearing hearing protection during the last vent operation after the tank equalizations, which was above the limit for intermittent noise which is 78 dBA for less than 2 minutes. Today the crew completed the first set of acoustic measurements on the WSS N2 vent following this mitigation. Crew photo documented the measurements and ground teams will review the imagery.

[tnt22]

https://blogs.nasa.gov/spacestation/2020/03/13/cardiac-research-bone-studies-on-station-promote-advanced-therapies-on-earth/

Cardiac Research, Bone Studies on Station Promote Advanced Therapies on Earth

Mark Garcia
Posted Mar 13, 2020 at 12:40 pm


Expedition 62 Flight Engineer Jessica Meir swaps media that nourishes bone samples inside the Life Science Glovebox located in Japan's Kibo laboratory module.

New cardiac research is beginning today on the International Space Station. NASA astronaut Jessica Meir is installing gear that will support heart cells being produced inside the U.S. Destiny laboratory module. Those cells will be compared to cultures on Earth to promote regenerative cell therapies.

She also continued bone sample operations for the ongoing OsteoOmics-02 study. The investigation takes place in the Japanese Kibo laboratory module and may reveal innovative bone treatments for humans living on Earth and in space.

Meir also joined fellow NASA Flight Engineer Andrew Morgan for maintenance work on a U.S. spacesuit. The duo recharged and swapped out components inside the suit ahead of spacewalks planned for this year.

Morgan also spent Friday working on orbital plumbing and space biology research. He first serviced hardware in the station's bathroom located in the Tranquility module during the morning. Afterward, Morgan photographed bacteria samples for an experiment seeking improved therapies for antibiotic-resistant infections.

Commander Oleg Skripochka spent the majority of his day focusing on life support and computer activities over in the Russian segment of the space station. In the afternoon, the veteran cosmonaut set up and activated gear that observes the atmosphere at nighttime in near-ultraviolet wavelengths.

[tnt22]

 Jessica Meir‏ @Astro_Jessica 2 ч. назад

That's the @SpaceX #Dragon we captured this week, peeking out just above the monitor (and my curls). It has been a packed week of #science on @Space_Station with the new experiments and supplies it delivered. #Wear62Friday #STEM

[tnt22]

https://blogs.nasa.gov/stationreport/2020/03/13/iss-daily-summary-report-3132020/

ISS Daily Summary Report - 3/13/2020

ISS HAM pass:

 :

The crew participated in an ISS HAM pass with South Australia Wing, Parafield, South Australia.  Questions included how the crew judges direction in space, how astronaut training in the pool compares to the actual activities performed in space, and how long it takes to get to the ISS. ISS Ham Radio provides opportunities to engage and educate students, teachers, parents and other members of the community in science, technology, engineering and math by providing a means to communicate between astronauts and the ground HAM radio units.

MVP2 cell-03:

 :

The crew installed Nutrient Tubesets into the Emory Modules, inserted the Emory Modules into MVP-02 and prepared for cell insertion on Saturday. This project will study the generation of cardiomyocytes, specialized heart muscle cells, for use in research and clinical applications. Specifically, the team is studying the differentiation of these heart cells from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), adult cells that have been altered to reinstate characteristics of natural stem cells. Simulated microgravity studies have allowed the team to increase the yield, purity, and survival of cardiomyocytes derived from iPSCs, and true spaceflight conditions are expected to further enhance these effects. Understanding how microgravity improves cardiomyocyte differentiation will enable the team to create clinically relevant heart tissue for use in regenerative medicine, disease modeling, and drug discovery.

OsteoOmics-2:

 :

Using the Life Science Glovebox (LSG), the crew was planned to perform the fixation (preservation) operations on the remaining BioCell in BioCell Habitat 2 but it was contaminated. The ground team is assessing the possible source of the contamination which has affected the majority of the 24 total BioCells in the 4 habitats. Millions of Americans experience bone loss, which results from disease or the reduced effects of gravity that can occur in bed-ridden patients. OsteoOmics tests whether magnetic levitation accurately simulates the free-fall conditions of microgravity by comparing genetic expression osteoblastic cells, a type of bone cell, levitated in a high-field superconducting magnet with cells flown in low-Earth orbit. This information helps scientists determine the molecular and metabolic changes that take place in magnetic levitation and real microgravity.

Phage Evolution:

 :

The crew performed SABL removals and MELFI insertions to support the last part of the Phage Evolution investigation. Evolution of New Phage-Bacteria Interactions from Exposure to Space Environment (Phage Evolution) examines the effects of microgravity and radiation exposure on phage and bacterial host interactions, including phage specificity for a bacterial host and host resistance to specific phages. Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that invade and destroy targeted bacteria without harming human cells or the body's beneficial bacterial population. Characterizing microgravity's effects on phages could lead to improved therapies that provide alternative treatments for antibiotic-resistant infections.

Urine Processing Assembly (UPA) Status:

 :

Following UPA issues last Sunday which indicated a seizing of the drive train and imminent hard failure of the Pressure Control and Pump Assembly (PCPA), engineering teams concluded that the PCPA was near end-of-life and recommended replacement of the unit with an available on-orbit spare. The crew completed the R&R, however, the UPA faulted out due to a PCPA high current signature during initial startup. Two additional restarts were attempted with similar fault signatures. Ground teams are evaluating the data and forward plan.

Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) In-Flight Refill Unit/Fluid Pumping Unit (FPU) Sampling:

 :

To satisfy maintenance requirements for on-orbit stowage, the crew dumped and filled EMU 3004 feedwater tanks using iodinated water from a Contingency Water Container - Iodinated (CWC-I). After a recharge, a small quantity was dumped from the feedwater tanks to provide ullage for condensate collection during the next EMU prebreathe. In addition, this procedure includes steps for taking two water samples from the IRU: the first after the full EMU dump and the second 4 hours later.

[tnt22]

https://blogs.nasa.gov/spacestation/2020/03/16/crew-explores-heart-cells-genetic-expression-for-earth-and-space-benefits/

Crew Explores Heart Cells, Genetic Expression for Earth and Space Benefits

Mark Garcia
Posted Mar 16, 2020 at 1:16 pm


Expedition 62 Commander Oleg Skripochka of Roscosmos, in the middle, is flanked by NASA Flight Engineers Andrew Morgan and Jessica Meir inside U.S. Destiny laboratory module.

The Expedition 62 crew focused on a variety of human research and space biology studies aboard the International Space Station today. Back on Earth, three new crewmembers are in training in Russia before their mission begins in April.

Microgravity shifts the flow of body fluids, such as blood and water, which accumulate in an astronaut's head creating pressure in the cranium and on the eyes. Doctors are continuously studying this phenomenon to counteract the effects and keep long-term space crews healthy.

In preparation for upcoming operations with the ongoing Fluid Shifts study, NASA astronaut Andrew Morgan collected medical hardware, such as an ultrasound device, sensors and cables. He transferred the research gear to the Russian segment, where they will be used to test a specialized body suit that draws fluids toward the lower body expanding veins and tissues.

Morgan then moved on to a Japanese study that looks at how weightlessness affects genetic expression in mice. Results may inform future therapies that keep crews safe in space and prevent muscle atrophy conditions on Earth.

NASA Flight Engineer Jessica Meir relaxed on Monday aboard the orbiting lab after working Saturday afternoon on cardiac research. She serviced heart cells being manipulated and analyzed with magnet-sensors and stowed them in a science freezer. The space samples are being compared to cell cultures on the ground possibly benefitting human cardiac function on Earth and in space.

Commander Oleg Skripochka began his morning on a long-running Russian study exploring how cosmonauts will pilot spacecraft and even robotic rovers on future planetary missions. During the afternoon, he turned his attention to life support maintenance.

Over in Russia, three Expedition 63 crewmembers are getting ready for their launch to the space station on April 9. NASA astronaut Chris Cassidy and Roscosmos cosmonauts Anatoly Ivanishin and Ivan Vagner wrapped up two days of Soyuz qualification exams last week. They will have a news conference this Friday before heading out to the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on Tuesday, March 24. Once there, the crew will be in final preparations ahead of their 195-day mission in space.

[tnt22]

https://blogs.nasa.gov/stationreport/2020/03/16/iss-daily-summary-report-3162020/

ISS Daily Summary Report - 3/16/2020

Fluid Shifts:

 Скрытый текст:

The crew set up the appropriate hardware in the Russian segment to support the Fluid Shifts Chibis testing later this week. Fluid Shifts is a NASA investigation, divided into Dilution Measurements, Baseline Imaging, and Imaging with Chibis. The Chibis hardware is used to perform the Lower Body Negative Pressure (LBNP) part of the experiment. The Fluid Shifts experiment investigates the causes for severe and lasting physical changes to astronaut's eyes. Because the headward fluid shift is a hypothesized contributor to these changes, reversing this fluid shift with a LBNP device is being evaluated as a possible intervention. Results from this study may help to develop preventative measures against lasting changes in vision and prevention of eye damage.

Mouse Mission-5:

 Скрытый текст:

The crew performed routine mouse habitat maintenance activities for the continuing Mouse Mission-5 investigation. The purpose of this mission is to analyze any alterations of the gene expression patterns in several organs and the effects on the germ-cell development of mice exposed to a long-term space environment.

[tnt22]

https://blogs.nasa.gov/spacestation/2020/03/17/space-impacts-on-heart-and-bones-may-provide-earth-therapies/

Space Impacts on Heart and Bones May Provide Earth Therapies

Mark Garcia
Posted Mar 17, 2020 at 3:21 pm


The aurora australis, or "southern lights," highlights a starry nighttime orbital pass above the Indian Ocean southwest of Australia from June 2019..

Human research and space biology dominated the research schedule aboard the International Space Station today. The Expedition 62 crew investigated how microgravity impacts heart and bone cells and head and eye pressure.

All three crewmembers tested a unique suit Tuesday that draws body fluids, such as blood and water, towards the feet. This counteracts space-caused fluid shifts toward the head that create pressure on an astronaut's eyes and cranium. One visible symptom, called "puffy face," is a redder and rounder face due to those shifts. However, astronauts have reported vision problems after living in space for months at a time.

Flight Engineer Andrew Morgan put on the suit with help from Commander Oleg Skripochka in the station's Zvezda service module. NASA astronaut Jessica Meir then scanned Morgan's eyes, head and chest with an ultrasound device to measure blood flow through his veins and arteries. Doctors on Earth monitored the activities to learn more about the effectiveness of the negative pressure body suit.

Morgan then moved on to cardiac research, learning how to create and culture heart cells on the space station. Results could provide advanced therapies to prevent heart conditions on Earth and in space. Meir continued more bone research servicing bone samples to help scientists better understand Earth ailments such as osteoporosis.

The commander stayed in the station's Russian segment inventorying cargo from a Russian resupply ship. Skripochka, a veteran of three station missions, made space in the Progress 74 cargo craft temporarily stowing goods and rearranging hardware to reduce clutter aboard the orbiting lab.

[Старый]

tnt22 написал:
Space Impacts on Heart and Bones May Provide Earth Therapies

А мэй и не провайд. 

[tnt22]

https://blogs.nasa.gov/stationreport/2020/03/17/iss-daily-summary-report-3172020/

ISS Daily Summary Report - 3/17/2020

Engineered Heart Tissue (EHT):

 Скрытый текст:

The crew performed steps to troubleshoot noise seen in the data for the EHT habitats. Ground teams report if they can isolate the source of the noise, the can factor it out of the data. A Human iPSC (induced Pluripotent Stem Cell)-based 3D Microphysiological System for Modeling Cardiac Dysfunction in Microgravity (Engineered Heart Tissues) assesses human cardiac function in microgravity. It uses 3D cultured cardiac muscle tissue that mimics the architecture and function of adult human cardiac muscle. A magnet-based sensor placed underneath the tissue culture chamber allows real-time, non-destructive analysis of the functional performance and maturation of the tissues in space, which is compared with those cultured on Earth.

Fluid Shifts:

 Скрытый текст:

The crew performed activities related to the Chibis (lower body negative pressure) portion of the investigation. Some issues were encountered with the Ultrasound video, but the team was able to work around it. Fluid Shifts is a NASA investigation, divided into Dilution Measurements, Baseline Imaging, and Imaging with Chibis. The Chibis hardware is used to perform the Lower Body Negative Pressure (LBNP) part of the experiment. The Fluid Shifts experiment investigates the causes for severe and lasting physical changes to astronaut's eyes. Because the headward fluid shift is a hypothesized contributor to these changes, reversing this fluid shift with a LBNP device is being evaluated as a possible intervention. Results from this study may help to develop preventative measures against lasting changes in vision and prevention of eye damage.

MVP2 (Multi-use Variable-g Platform) Cell-03 fixation:

 Скрытый текст:

The crew removed the Emory Modules from MVP-2, took a 7ml sample, injected the sample into a fixation bag, and then inserted Emory Modules back into the MVP-2 facility to continue the Cell-03 investigation. The term 'fixation' refers to preservation of a sample for later analysis. There are several different fixation methods available, depending on the sample targets of interest. MVP2 Cell-03 studies the generation of cardiomyocytes, specialized heart muscle cells, for use in research and clinical applications. Specifically, the team is studying the differentiation of these heart cells from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), adult cells that have been altered to reinstate characteristics of natural stem cells. Simulated microgravity studies have allowed the team to increase the yield, purity, and survival of cardiomyocytes derived from iPSCs, and true spaceflight conditions are expected to further enhance these effects. Understanding how microgravity improves cardiomyocyte differentiation will enable the team to create clinically relevant heart tissue for use in regenerative medicine, disease modeling, and drug discovery.

Nanoracks Module-51:

 Скрытый текст:

The crew performed the second status check on the sub-investigations contained within the Mod-51 experiment box. These sub experiments are the Vitamin-C Flask with syringe, Waxworm flask, Adipic acid and Venom flex plates, Yeast and amylase mixture tubes, and Flask with Flatworms. Inspections of the experiments went well and the hardware was stowed. Nanoracks Mod-51 itself is an aluminum module with a Velcro lid that can accommodate various sub-experiments.

Nanoracks Module-72A troubleshooting:

 Скрытый текст:

The crew performed steps to attempt recovery of communication with the Nanoracks Mod-72A. The troubleshooting was successful and Module 72A was subsequently powered up and began the transfer of log files. These issues have been on-going for about a week and could be due to a bad or loose USB connection. Module-72A has a Raspberry Pi Zero board and several sensors. This is an educational payload that allows students to code their own software experiments and have them collect data on the ISS.

OsteoOmics-2 fixation:

 Скрытый текст:

The crew attempted to perform the fixation operations on the remaining two OsteoOmics-2 Biocells contained in habitat 3. One of the biocells had a small area of cloudiness and fixation was performed on it. The other Biocell had more cloudiness (contamination) and was bagged and frozen. The ground team is assessing the possible source of the contamination, which has affected the majority of the 24 total BioCells in the 4 habitats. Millions of Americans experience bone loss, which results from disease or the reduced effects of gravity that can occur in bed-ridden patients. OsteoOmics tests whether magnetic levitation accurately simulates the free-fall conditions of microgravity by comparing genetic expression osteoblastic cells, a type of bone cell, levitated in a high-field superconducting magnet with cells flown in low-Earth orbit. This information helps scientists determine the molecular and metabolic changes that take place in magnetic levitation and real microgravity.

SpaceX 20 (SpX-20) Dragon Cargo Operations:

 Скрытый текст:

The crew continued to perform Dragon cargo operations today. Ground teams estimate ~ 57 hours of cargo operations remain prior to Dragon departure planned for April 6, 2020.

[tnt22]

https://blogs.nasa.gov/spacestation/2020/03/18/station-science-promoting-earth-space-therapies-ahead-of-crew-swap/

Station Science Promoting Earth, Space Therapies Ahead of Crew Swap

Mark Garcia
Posted Mar 18, 2020 at 1:14 pm


An aurora, above the city lights and a beneath a starry sky, fades into an orbital sunrise as the space station orbited above the Pacific Ocean off the coast of North America.

Expedition 62 is continuing a host of studies this week exploring how microgravity affects the human body. Researchers use the weightlessness environment of the International Space Station to provide advanced therapies for healthier humans on Earth and in space.

NASA Flight Engineer Andrew Morgan wore a specialized suit, testing its ability to pull body fluids towards an astronaut's feet. The Lower Body Negative Pressure suit is designed to prevent the space-caused upward fluid shifts and pooling in the head that create pressure on the eyes and cranium.

Fellow NASA astronaut Jessica Meir measured Morgan's eye pressure with a tonometer Wednesday morning as doctors on the ground monitored in real-time. Commander Oleg Skripochka assisted the pair with the hardware and suit activities while the research operations took place in the Zvezda service module.

The trio split up in the afternoon for more space science and station maintenance tasks. The station residents also continued their daily routine of cardio and resistance exercises aboard the orbiting lab.

After lunchtime, Morgan set up gear that monitors airflow and where particles settle on the station. Meir tended to bone cell samples for insights into Earth ailments such as osteoporosis. Skripochka serviced an oxygen generator and plumbing hardware in the station's Russian segment.

The space station will also boost its orbit on Thursday as it gears up for a crew swap in April. Expedition 62 is due to return to Earth on April 17 aboard the Soyuz MS-15 crew ship.

The Expedition 63 crew will launch to the station on April 9 inside the Soyuz MS-16 crew ship. NASA astronaut Chris Cassidy will lead Roscosmos cosmonauts Anatoly Ivanishin and Ivan Vagner during the 195-day station mission.

Finally, the Cygnus space freighter that left the station on Jan. 31 ended its mission Tuesday night. It burned up safely in the atmosphere over the Pacific Ocean after several weeks of orbital engineering tests. The newest Cygnus is attached to the station's Harmony module where it will stay until May.

[tnt22]

https://tass.ru/kosmos/8021495

19 МАР, 00:01
Орбиту МКС скорректируют вечером в четверг
Согласно плану, двигатели "Прогресса" будут включены в 20:14 мск и проработают в течение 534 секунд

МОСКВА, 19 марта. /ТАСС/. Орбита Международной космической станции (МКС) будет "поднята" при помощи двигателей грузового корабля "Прогресс МС-13" в четверг. Об этом сообщили в госкорпорации "Роскосмос".

"В соответствии с программой полета Международной космической станции на 19 марта 2020 года запланирована коррекция ее орбиты", - сообщили в госкорпорации.

Согласно плану, двигатели "Прогресса" будут включены в 20:14 мск и проработают в течение 534 секунд. В результате средняя орбита МКС будет увеличена примерно на 1,1 км, до 419 км.

Как уточнили в Роскосмосе, маневр необходим для формирования баллистических условий для стыковки пилотируемого корабля "Союз МС-16" с тремя членами экипажа на борту и посадки на Землю "Союза МС-15" с космонавтом и двумя астронавтами.

 Скрытый текст:

Сейчас на МКС находятся космонавт Роскосмоса Олег Скрипочка и астронавты NASA Джессика Меир и Эндрю Морган. Их возвращение на Землю запланировано на 17 апреля. С 9 апреля экипаж должен увеличиться: на орбиту отправятся космонавты Анатолий Иванишин, Иван Вагнер и астронавт Крис Кэссиди. Старт ракеты "Союз-2.1а" с пилотируемым "Союзом МС-16" запланирован на 11:05 мск, стыковка корабля с МКС - на 17:16 мск.

В прошлый раз орбита станции была скорректирована в январе. Тогда маневр проходи в два этапа для формирования баллистических условий для посадки корабля "Союз МС-13", которая состоялась 6 февраля.

[tnt22]

https://www.roscosmos.ru/28215/

19.03.2020 21:30
Проведена плановая орбиты МКС

В соответствии с программой полёта Международной космической станции 19 марта 2020 года была проведена плановая коррекция ее орбиты. Корректирующий манёвр осуществлён для формирования баллистических условий перед стартом пилотируемого корабля «Союз МС-16» 9 апреля и посадкой спускаемого аппарата корабля «Союз МС-15» 17 апреля 2020 года.

Двигательная установка грузового корабля «Прогресс МС-13», пристыкованного к модулю «Пирс» российского сегмента станции, была включена в 20:14 мск. Результатом работы двигателей в течение 534 секунд стало приращение скорости станции на 0,6 м/сек.

В соответствии с данными службы баллистико-навигационного обеспечения Центра управления полётами ЦНИИмаш параметры орбиты станции после выполнения коррекции составили:

[/li]
• Период обращения: 92,88 мин;
  
• наклонение орбиты: 51,66 град;
  
• минимальная высота над поверхностью Земли: 416,68 км;
  
• максимальная высота над поверхностью Земли: 439,57 км.
  

Предыдущая коррекция орбиты Международной космической станции проводилась 23 января 2020 года.

[tnt22]

https://blogs.nasa.gov/stationreport/2020/03/18/iss-daily-summary-report-3182020/

ISS Daily Summary Report - 3/18/2020

Fluid Shifts:

 :

The crew performed activities related to the Chibis (lower body negative pressure) portion of the investigation. Fluid Shifts is a NASA investigation, divided into Dilution Measurements, Baseline Imaging, and Imaging with Chibis. The Chibis hardware is used to perform the Lower Body Negative Pressure (LBNP) part of the experiment. The Fluid Shifts experiment investigates the causes for severe and lasting physical changes to astronaut's eyes. Because the headward fluid shift is a hypothesized contributor to these changes, reversing this fluid shift with a LBNP device is being evaluated as a possible intervention. Results from this study may help to develop preventative measures against lasting changes in vision and prevention of eye damage.

JWRS check 2:

 :

The crew performed the part 2 of the connection checks for the JEM Water Recovery System (JWRS). The Demonstration of JEM Water Recovery System (JWRS) generates potable water from urine. In the past on manned spacecraft, urine and waste water were collected and stored, or vented overboard. For long-term space missions, however, water supply could become a limiting factor. Demonstrating the function of this water recovery system on orbit contributes to updating the Environmental Control and Life Support System (ECLSS) to support astronauts on the space station and future exploration missions.

Nanoracks particle flow:

 :

The crew connected the two Nanoracks Particle Flow units to the IMV Bypass Duct to observe the pellet motion and final resting places of the pellets. Although there was some difficulty getting all the particles to migrate in the first run, this was mostly resolved. The goal is to improve the understanding of the effects of airflow and pellet-pellet interaction. BOOST Orbital Operations on Spheroid Tesellation (Nanoracks particle flow, aka Adidas BOOST™) examines the particle foam mold filling process using different types of pellets. On Earth, Adidas makes performance midsoles from thousands of individual foam pellets blown into a mold and fused together. Microgravity enables a closer look at the factors behind pellet motion and location, which could enhance manufacturing processes as well as product performance and comfort.

OsteoOmics fixation:

 :

The crew performed the fixation operations on the remaining three OsteoOmics-2 BioCells contained in habitat 4. Of the 3 remaining BioCells expected to be clear of contamination, only 1 was actually clear and was preserved via fixation. The 2 contaminated BioCells were bagged. The term 'fixation' refers to preservation of a sample for later analysis. There are several different fixation methods available, depending on the sample targets of interest. The ground team is assessing the possible source of the contamination, which has affected the majority of the 24 total BioCells in the 4 habitats. Millions of Americans experience bone loss, which results from disease or the reduced effects of gravity that can occur in bed-ridden patients. OsteoOmics tests whether magnetic levitation accurately simulates the free-fall conditions of microgravity by comparing genetic expression osteoblastic cells, a type of bone cell, levitated in a high-field superconducting magnet with cells flown in low-Earth orbit. This information helps scientists determine the molecular and metabolic changes that take place in magnetic levitation and real microgravity.

SpaceX 20 (SpX-20) Dragon Cargo Operations:

 :

The crew continued to perform Dragon cargo operations today. Ground teams estimate ~ 53 hours of cargo operations remain prior to Dragon departure planned for April 6, 2020.

[tnt22]

https://blogs.nasa.gov/spacestation/2020/03/19/space-cardiac-research-as-station-orbits-higher-for-next-crew/

Space Cardiac Research as Station Orbits Higher For Next Crew

Mark Garcia
Posted Mar 19, 2020 at 2:02 pm


An aurora accents Earth's atmospheric glow underneath a starry sky as the glare from computer instrumentation reflects off a window in the cupola.

Cardiac research was a big part of the Expedition 62 crew's schedule on Thursday. Meanwhile, the International Space Station is orbiting higher to get ready for April's crew swap.

Two experiments taking place aboard the orbiting lab today are looking at cardiac function and the replenishment of heart cells in space. The NASA heart studies could lead to a better understanding of cardiac diseases and improved drug therapies on Earth. Astronauts living in space for months or years at a time could see strategies to maintain healthy cardiac function on long-term missions to the Moon, Mars and beyond.

NASA astronaut Jessica Meir nourished and preserved heart tissue samples for an experiment watching how heart cells adapt to microgravity. Flight Engineer Andrew Morgan got to work replacing hardware for an investigation producing heart cells that may treat cardiac abnormalities.

Veteran cosmonaut and station Commander Oleg Skripochka updated inventory after cargo activities inside the Progress 74 resupply ship. He also monitored radiation readings in the orbital lab and checked a variety of Russian video and computer gear.

The space station raised its orbit to the correct altitude this afternoon to receive three new Expedition 63 crewmembers aboard the Soyuz MS-16 crew ship next month. NASA astronaut Chris Cassidy and Roscosmos cosmonauts Anatoly Ivanishin and Ivan Vagner will launch and dock to the Poisk module on April 9 beginning a 195-day station mission.

Eight days later, the Expedition 62 crew will return to Earth and parachute to a landing in Kazakhstan inside the Soyuz MS-15 crew ship. Skripochka and Meir will have logged 205 days in space while Morgan is returning after 272 days on orbit.

[tnt22]

https://blogs.nasa.gov/stationreport/2020/03/19/iss-daily-summary-report-3192020/

ISS Daily Summary Report - 3/19/2020

Engineered Heart Tissue:

 :

The crew performed sample fixations on selected tissue chambers and performed cell culture media exchanges on the remaining tissue chambers. The ground teams are still looking at the data from a recent troubleshooting session in order to attempt to remove noise from the EHT habitat data. A Human iPSC (induced Pluripotent Stem Cell)-based 3D Microphysiological System for Modeling Cardiac Dysfunction in Microgravity (Engineered Heart Tissues) assesses human cardiac function in microgravity. It uses 3D cultured cardiac muscle tissue that mimics the architecture and function of adult human cardiac muscle. A magnet-based sensor placed underneath the tissue culture chamber allows real-time, non-destructive analysis of the functional performance and maturation of the tissues in space, which is compared with those cultured on Earth.

ISS Experience:

 :

The ISS Experience camera and other associated hardware was setup up to capture the crew working on the Engineered Heart Tissue experiment. The ISS Experience creates a virtual reality film documenting daily life aboard the ISS. The 8 to 10 minute videos created from footage taken during the six-month investigation cover different aspects of crew life, execution of science aboard the station, and the international partnerships involved. The ISS Experience uses a Z-CAM V1 Pro Cinematic Virtual Reality (VR) 360-degree camera with nine 190° fisheye lenses.

ISS HAM pass:

 :

The crew participated in an ISS HAM pass with Turkey Space Camp, Izmir, Turkey. As a space and science education center, Space Camp Turkey is primarily focused on motivating young people from around the world to pursue careers in science, math, and technology. Through interactive, space-related simulations, both youth and adults learn about communication, teamwork, and leadership in a dynamic, fun-filled environment. ISS Ham Radio provides opportunities to engage and educate students, teachers, parents and other members of the community in science, technology, engineering and math by providing a means to communicate between astronauts and the ground HAM radio units.

MVP2 (Multi-use Variable-g Platform) Cell-03:

 :

The crew removed the Emory Modules from the MVP2, replaced the Nutrient and Waste Tubeset, and reinstalled Emory Modules into the MVP2 facility. MVP2 Cell-03 studies the generation of cardiomyocytes, specialized heart muscle cells, for use in research and clinical applications. Specifically, the team is studying the differentiation of these heart cells from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), adult cells that have been altered to reinstate characteristics of natural stem cells.  Simulated microgravity studies have allowed the team to increase the yield, purity, and survival of cardiomyocytes derived from iPSCs, and true spaceflight conditions are expected to further enhance these effects. Understanding how microgravity improves cardiomyocyte differentiation will enable the team to create clinically relevant heart tissue for use in regenerative medicine, disease modeling, and drug discovery.

TangoLab2:

 :

The crew removed/replaced the appropriate cubes on cards 5, 11, 12, 14 in the TangoLab-2 facility.  Space Tango's TangoLab-2 locker is a reconfigurable general research facility designed for microgravity research and development (R&D) and pilot manufacturing aboard the International Space Station (ISS). TangoLab-2 is similar to TangoLab-1 with the primary difference being an upgraded fan system which allows for a greater heat rejection capability.

SpaceX 20 (SpX-20) Dragon Cargo Operations:

 :

The crew continued to perform Dragon cargo operations today off of the task list. Dragon departure is currently planned for April 6, 2020.

ISS Reboost:

 :

This afternoon, at 12:14 PM CT, the ISS completed a 543s (8 min 43 sec) reboost using the using the nadir 74P Mid Ring thrusters. This is the first of two reboosts setting up conditions for 62S launch on GMT day 100 (April 9th) and 61S landing on GMT day 108 (April 17th). The ISS velocity was increased by ~0.6 meters per second (m/s) and the height of the ISS orbit was increased by ~1.09 kilometers (km).