JWST – Ariane 5 ECA – Kourou ELA-3 – 25.12.2021 12:20 UTC

Автор zandr, 28.03.2018 21:09:50

« назад - далее »

0 Пользователи и 1 гость просматривают эту тему.

lev_g

ЦитироватьПлейшнер написал:
 
ЦитироватьВаська Кот написал:
А почему выбрали именно Ariane 5? Delta  Heavy видится надежнее  
Это сегодня может видится. А на момент, когда выбирали?    
Да и на сегодня видится надежнее. У Ариан с 2002 года - 90+ запусков без отказов техники (1 частичная неудача из-за человеческой ошибки при вводе полетного задания) у Дельты - всего-навсего 10 запусков, из них один (первый) с технической проблемой. Ну и плюс цена, конечно.

Старый

Да и диаметр под обтекателем у Арианы почти  на полметра больше. 
1. Ангара - единственная в мире новая РН которая хуже старой (с) Старый Ламер
2. Назначение Роскосмоса - не летать в космос а выкачивать из бюджета деньги
3. У Маска ракета длиннее и толще чем у Роскосмоса
4. Чем мрачнее реальность тем ярче бред (с) Старый Ламер

Просто Василий

Цитироватьlev_g написал:
Цитировать
Цитировать
Да и на сегодня видится надежнее. У Ариан с 2002 года - 90+ запусков без отказов техники (1 частичная неудача из-за человеческой ошибки при вводе полетного задания) у Дельты - всего-навсего 10 запусков, из них один (первый) с технической проблемой. Ну и плюс цена, конечно.
В 2018 году был пуск Ариан, частично успешный, так там ракета над головами зрителей пролетела, даже видео было, найти не могу( 
Пока мы говорим, уходит завистливое время: лови момент, как можно меньше верь будущему.

Serge V Iz

#83
Старый же про технику. Человеческие ошибки имеют информационный характер, и если уж действительно устранены, то, обычно, устранены насовсем )

Старый

ЦитироватьВаська Кот написал:
 
Цитироватьlev_g написал:
 (1 частичная неудача из-за человеческой ошибки при вводе полетного задания) 
В 2018 году был пуск Ариан, частично успешный, так там ракета над головами зрителей пролетела, даже видео было, найти не могу(  
Васька, ты внимательно читаешь то на что отвечаешь? ;)
1. Ангара - единственная в мире новая РН которая хуже старой (с) Старый Ламер
2. Назначение Роскосмоса - не летать в космос а выкачивать из бюджета деньги
3. У Маска ракета длиннее и толще чем у Роскосмоса
4. Чем мрачнее реальность тем ярче бред (с) Старый Ламер

tnt22

https://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-20-224
ЦитироватьJAMES WEBB SPACE TELESCOPE:
Technical Challenges Have Caused Schedule Strain and May Increase Costs
GAO-20-224: Published: Jan 28, 2020. Publicly Released: Jan 28, 2020.

Highlights Page:
704077.pdf[/URL] - 145.9 KB, 1 стр, 2020-01-28 19:33:19 UTC


Full Report:
704078.pdf - 2.9 MB, 42 стр, 2020-01-28 19:33:39 UTC

Gradient

ЦитироватьZOOR написал:
 
Цитироватьtnt22 написал:
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ytMVy4AEXys

Внушает, как аккуратно  не показали , каким самолетом перевозили  
Да вроде и не скрывали особо

zandr

http://novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/news/53163/
ЦитироватьЗапуск космического телескопа "Джеймс Уэбб" могут отложить до июля 2021 года
 Счетная палата США пришла к выводу, что вероятность запуска американского космического телескопа "Джеймс Уэбб" в назначенный срок составляет всего 12%. В связи с этим в ведомстве рекомендуют перенести срок запуска на четыре месяца, передает Newsru.com. Об этом сообщается на сайте Счетной палаты США.
Как полагают в Счетной палате США, в случае переноса даты запуска с 30 марта на июль 2021 года повысит вероятность соблюдения этого графика до 70%. Окончательное решение о переносе запуска миссии примут в NASA в мае этого года, перед началом финальной серии испытаний телескопа.
А.Ж.

Чебурашка

И тут намечается интересное капиталистическое соревнование - что полетит позже JWST или SLS?
Чье задневики производства смогут дольше срывать сроки, чьи дефективные менеджеры Боинга или Нортона смогут победить соперника в
перерасходе бюджета?
Пока оба претендента идут ноздря в ноздрю словно парочка усталых осликов с завязанными глазами на водокачке.

tnt22

ЦитироватьHow Webb Will Study Atmospheres of Exoplanets

NASA Video

5 февр. 2020 г.

This animation describes how Webb will use transmission spectroscopy to study the atmospheres of distant exoplanets.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jbSXBbyWsTEhttps://www.youtube.com/embed/jbSXBbyWsTE (2:11)

tnt22

Цитировать NASA Webb Telescope @NASAWebb 37 мин. назад

#NASAWebb is now a fully assembled observatory, and has accomplished multiple large deployments and movements that it will perform in space. This new time-lapse video highlights these recent critical milestones. #JWST #timelapse

https://video.twimg.com/amplify_video/1232404963713802241/vid/1280x720/etmkCxPgdnms0xY2.mp4(0:14)
Time-Lapse Video of NASA Webb Assembly, Sunshield Deployment
This time-lapse video reveals NASA's James Webb Space Telescope is now a fully assembled observatory, and is accomplishing large-scale deployments and movements that it will perform while in space.

tnt22

https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-leadership-assessing-mission-impacts-of-coronavirus
ЦитироватьMarch 21, 2020
RELEASE 20-031

NASA Leadership Assessing Mission Impacts of Coronavirus

To protect the health and safety of the NASA workforce as the nation responds to coronavirus (COVID-19), agency leadership recently completed the first assessment of work underway across all missions, projects, and programs. The goal was to identify tasks that can be done remotely by employees at home, mission-essential work that must be performed on-site, and on-site work that will be paused.

"We are going to take care of our people. That's our first priority," said NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine. "Technology allows us to do a lot of what we need to do remotely, but, where hands-on work is required, it is difficult or impossible to comply with CDC guidelines while processing spaceflight hardware, and where we can't safely do that we're going to have to suspend work and focus on the mission critical activities."

The agency has defined mission-essential work as that which must be performed to maintain critical mission operations to ensure the schedule of time-sensitive mission-critical launches, or work to protect life and critical infrastructure. This includes work to support America's national security and mission-essential functions for the nation. NASA leadership will continually assess all activities as the situation evolves.
...
The James Webb Space Telescope team, also in California, is suspending integration and testing operations. Decisions could be adjusted as the situation continues to unfold over the weekend and into next week. The decision was made to ensure the safety of the workforce. The observatory remains safe in its cleanroom environment.
...
Last Updated: March 21, 2020
Editor: Karen Northon

zandr

http://novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/news/53753/
ЦитироватьNASA приостановило работы по телескопу «Джеймс Уэбб» из-за коронавируса
 Испытания орбитального телескопа «Джеймс Уэбб» приостановлены из-за угрозы распространения коронавируса, заявил директор американского аэрокосмического агентства NASA Джим Брайденстайн. Об этом сообщает ИА REGNUM со ссылкой на SpaceNews.
Глава NASA рассказал, что агентство провело оценку текущей деятельности и выбрало ряд приоритетных проектов, над которыми продолжит работать даже в условиях вспышки коронавируса. Одним из главных проектов, по которому продолжается работа, в NASA назвали миссию «Марс-2020», запуск которой запланирован на лето.
Брайденстайн добавил, что при работах по телескопу «Джеймс Уэбб» не удаётся выполнить рекомендации Центров по контролю и профилактике заболеваний, поэтому подготовка орбитальной обсерватории временно приостановлена.
«Было принято решение обеспечить безопасность сотрудников. Обсерватория остается безопасной в чистом помещении», — заявил глава NASA.
В ходе онлайн-конференции заместитель директора NASA по науке Томас Зурбухен предположил, что эта приостановка работ может привести к задержке миссии.
А.Ж.

tnt22

Цитировать Jeff Foust‏ @jeff_foust 48 мин. назад

NASA's Bill Ochs says at the CAA meeting that JWST had 52 days of schedule reserve prior to the impacts of the pandemic. Working right now on some activities at a slower pace; that will stop entirely in early April when hit a point where we need full team in place again.


43 мин. назад

Ochs said that if the JWST launch slips past March 2021, they have reserves that could support a delay on the order of a few months. Any longer and the mission would likely need more funding.

tnt22

ЦитироватьThe James Webb Space Telescope's Folding Mirrors

NASA Goddard

31 мар. 2020 г.

Performed in early March, this most recent test involved commanding the spacecraft's internal systems to fully extend, and latch Webb's iconic 21 feet 4 inch (6.5 meter) primary mirror into the same configuration it will have when in space.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xHTciBIEtmYhttps://www.youtube.com/embed/xHTciBIEtmY (0:54)

tnt22

https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2020/nasa-s-james-webb-space-telescope-full-mirror-deployment-a-success
ЦитироватьMarch 31, 2020

NASA's James Webb Space Telescope Full Mirror Deployment a Success

In a recent test, NASA's James Webb Space Telescope fully deployed its primary mirror into the same configuration it will have when in space.

As Webb progresses towards liftoff in 2021, technicians and engineers have been diligently checking off a long list of final tests the observatory will undergo before being packaged for delivery to French Guiana for launch. Performed in early March, this procedure involved commanding the spacecraft's internal systems to fully extend and latch Webb's iconic 21 feet 4-inch (6.5 meter) primary mirror, appearing just like it would after it has been launched to orbit. The observatory is currently in a cleanroom at Northrop Grumman Space Systems in Redondo Beach, California.

The difficulty and complexity of performing tests for Webb has increased significantly, now that the observatory has been fully assembled. Special gravity offsetting equipment was attached to Webb's mirror to simulate the zero-gravity environment its mechanisms will have to operate in. Tests like these help safeguard mission success by physically demonstrating that the spacecraft is able to move and unfold as intended. The Webb team will deploy the observatory's primary mirror only once more on the ground, just before preparing it for delivery to the launch site.


Deployment tests like these help safeguard mission success by physically demonstrating that NASA's James Webb Space Telescope is able to move and unfold as intended.
Credits: NASA/Chris Gunn

A telescope's sensitivity, or how much detail it can see, is directly related to the size of the mirror that collects light from the objects being observed. A larger surface area collects more light, just like a larger bucket collects more water in a rain shower than a small one. Webb's mirror is the biggest of its kind that NASA has ever built.

In order to perform groundbreaking science, Webb's primary mirror needs to be so large that it cannot fit inside any rocket available in its fully extended form. Like the art of origami, Webb is a collection of movable parts employing applied material science that have been specifically designed to fold themselves to a compact formation that is considerably smaller than when the observatory is fully deployed. This allows it to just barely fit within a 16-foot (5-meter) payload fairing, with little room to spare.

"Deploying both wings of the telescope while part of the fully assembled observatory is another significant milestone showing Webb will deploy properly in space. This is a great achievement and an inspiring image for the entire team," said Lee Feinberg, optical telescope element manager for Webb at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland.

The evolving novel coronavirus COVID-19 situation is causing significant impact and disruption globally. Given these circumstances, Webb's Northrop Grumman team in California has resumed integration and testing work with reduced personnel and shifts until the Deployable Tower Assembly set up in April. The project will then shut down integration and testing operations due to the lack of required NASA onsite personnel related to the COVID-19 situation. The project will reassess over the next couple of weeks and adjust decisions as the situation continues to unfold.

The James Webb Space Telescope will be the world's premier space science observatory when it launches in 2021. Webb will solve mysteries in our solar system, look beyond to distant worlds around other stars, and probe the mysterious structures and origins of our universe and our place in it. Webb is an international program led by NASA with its partners, ESA (European Space Agency) and the Canadian Space Agency.

By Thaddeus Cesari
NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center


Last Updated: March 31, 2020
Editor: Lynn Jenner

Просто Василий

А какой источник энергии у телескопа?
Пока мы говорим, уходит завистливое время: лови момент, как можно меньше верь будущему.

Брабонт

Пропитый день обмену и возврату не подлежит

tnt22

https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2020/piercing-the-dark-birthplaces-of-massive-stars-with-webb
Цитировать

April 10, 2020

Piercing the Dark Birthplaces of Massive Stars with Webb

High-mass stars, which are eight or more times the mass of our Sun, live hard and die young. They often end their short lives in violent explosions called supernovas, but their births are much more of a mystery. They form in very dense, cold clouds of gas and dust, but little is known about these regions. In 2021, shortly after the launch of NASA's James Webb Space Telescope, scientists plan to study three of these clouds to understand their structure.

"What we're trying to do is look at the birthplaces of massive stars," explained Erick Young, principal investigator of a program that will use Webb to study this phenomenon. He is an astronomer with the Universities Space Research Association in Columbia, Maryland. "Determining the actual structure of the clouds is very important in trying to understand the star formation process," he said.

These cold clouds—which can have up to 100,000 times the mass of the Sun—are so dense that they appear as big, dark blobs on the sky. While they seem devoid of stars, the clouds are actually just obscuring the light fr om background stars. These dark patches are so thick with dust that they even block out some wavelengths of infrared light, a type of light that is invisible to human eyes and can usually can penetrate through dusty clouds. That's why they are called "infrared-dark clouds." However, the unprecedented sensitivity of Webb enables observations of background stars even through these very dense regions.

Birth Environments and Cookie Dough

To understand how massive stars form, you have to understand the environment in which they form. But one of the things that makes studying massive star formation so difficult is that as soon as a star turns on, it radiates intense ultraviolet light and strong and powerful winds.


More than 100,000 times the mass of the Sun, the Brick doesn't seem to be forming any massive stars—yet. But based on its immense mass in such a small area, if it does form stars—as scientists think it should—it would be one of the most massive star clusters in the Milky Way galaxy.
Credits: NASA, JPL-Caltech, and S.V Ramirez (NExSCI/Caltech)

"These forces destroy the birth environment that the star was created in," explained infrared-dark-cloud expert Cara Battersby, an assistant professor of physics at the University of Connecticut. "The environment you're looking at after it formed is totally different fr om the environment that was conducive to its forming in the first place. And since we know that infrared-dark clouds are places wh ere massive stars can form, if we look at their structure before stars have formed or have just started to form, we can study what environment is needed to form those massive stars."

Battersby likens the process to baking cookies: As soon as you bake them, they're totally different than the dough itself. If you've never seen dough before, you may not have a good idea of what that baking process would look like. The infrared-dark clouds are like the raw dough before you bake it. Studying these clouds is akin to getting a chance to look at the cookie dough, seeing what goes into it, and learning what its consistency is.

The Importance of Massive Stars

Understanding massive stars and their environments is important for a variety of reasons. First, in their explosive deaths, they release many elements that are essential for life. Elements heavier than hydrogen and helium—including the building blocks of life on Earth—come from inside massive stars. Massive stars have transformed a universe that was almost completely composed of hydrogen to the rich, complex environment that is able to produce planets and people.

Massive stars also produce enormous amounts of energy. As soon as they are born, they give off light, radiation and winds that can create bubbles in the interstellar medium, possibly sparking star formation in different locations. These expanding bubbles could also break up a region wh ere new stars are forming. Finally, when a massive star dies in a spectacular explosion, it forever changes its surroundings.

The Targets

The study will focus Webb on the following three areas.

The Brick: One of the darkest infrared-dark clouds in our galaxy, this roughly brick-shaped cloud resides near the galaxy's center, about 26,000 light-years from Earth. More than 100,000 times the mass of the Sun, the Brick doesn't seem to be forming any massive stars—yet. But it has so much mass in such a small area that if it does form stars, as scientists think that it should, it would be one of the most massive star clusters in our galaxy, much like the Arches and Quintuplet clusters, also in the neighborhood of the galaxy's center.

The Snake: With a name inspired by its serpentine shape, this extremely filamentary cloud is about 12,000 light-years away with a total mass of 100,000 Suns. Scattered along the Snake are warm, dense dust clouds, each containing about 1,000 times the mass of the Sun in gas and dust. These clouds are being heated by young, massive stars forming inside of them. The Snake may be a section of a much longer filament that is a "Bone of the Milky Way," tracing out the galaxy's spiral structure.

IRDC 18223: Located about 11,000 light-years away, this cloud is also part of a "Bone of the Milky Way." It shows active, massive star formation happening in one side of it, while the other side seems completely quiet and unperturbed. A bubble on the active side is already starting to destroy the initial filament that was there before. While the quiescent side has not started forming stars yet, it probably will soon.

The Technique

To study these clouds, Young and his team will use background stars as probes. "The more stars that you have, the more different lines of sight," said Young. "Each one is like a little pencil beam, and by measuring the color of the star, you can assess how much dust is in that particular line of sight."

The scientists will make maps—basically, very deep images--in four different infrared wavelengths. Each wavelength has a different ability to penetrate the cloud. "If you look at a given star and see that it's actually a lot redder than you expect, then you can surmise that its light has actually gone through some dust, and the dust has made the color redder than the typical, unobscured star," said Young.  

By observing the difference in color based on these four different measurements in the near-infrared, and comparing that with a model of dust dimming and reddening, Young and his team can measure the dust in that particular line of sight. Webb will allow them to do that for thousands and thousands of stars that penetrate each cloud, giving them a wealth of data points. Since most stars of a given type are similar to each other in brightness and color, any marked differences that Webb can observe are mostly due to the effects of material between us and the stars.

Only with Webb

This work can only be done because of Webb's exquisite sensitivity and excellent angular resolution. Webb's sensitivity enables scientists to see fainter stars and a higher density of background stars. Its angular resolution, the ability to distinguish tiny details of an object, allows astronomers to discriminate between individual stars.

This science is being conducted as part of a Webb Guaranteed Time Observations (GTO) program. This program is designed to reward scientists who helped develop the key hardware and software components or technical and interdisciplinary knowledge for the observatory. Young was part of the original instrument team that built Webb's Near Infrared Camera (NIRCam) instrument.

The James Webb Space Telescope will be the world's premier space science observatory when it launches in 2021. Webb will solve mysteries in our solar system, look beyond to distant worlds around other stars, and probe the mysterious structures and origins of our universe and our place in it. Webb is an international program led by NASA with its partners, ESA (European Space Agency) and the Canadian Space Agency.

For more information about Webb, visit www.nasa.gov/webb.

Caption for banner image: The Snake is a serpentine-shaped, extremely filamentary cloud. In this infrared image from the Spitzer Space Telescope, the blue dots are stars relatively undimmed by dust, while the red dots are embedded, forming stars. Credit: NASA, JPL-Caltech/S. Carey (SSC/Caltech)

By Ann Jenkins
The Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI)


Last Updated: April 10, 2020
Editor: Lynn Jenner

tnt22

ЦитироватьFolding the James Webb Space Telescope to Fit Inside the Ariane V Rocket Fairing

NASA Goddard

14 мая 2020 г.

This video shows how NASA's James Webb Space Telescope is designed to fold to a much smaller size in order to fit inside the Ariane V rocket for launch to space.  The largest, most complex space observatory ever built, must fold itself to fit within a 17.8-foot (5.4-meter) payload fairing, and survive the rigors of a rocket ride to orbit. After liftoff, the entire observatory will unfold in a carefully choreographed series of steps before beginning to make groundbreaking observations of the cosmos.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Li6We0l5pYQhttps://www.youtube.com/embed/Li6We0l5pYQ (0:45)