Международная лунная посещаемая платформа

[avmich]

Нашёл тут, пытаюсь разобраться - по поводу полезности станции в LL1:

http://www.cds.caltech.edu/~koon/book/KoLoMaRo_DMissionBook_2011-04-25.pdf (страница 139)

In the last few years, NASA planners have seriously considered providing human servicing to libration missions (see Condon and Pearson [2001]). The problem is that, the 3200 m/s transfer to orbits around the libration points require approximately 3 months of travel time. With transfer orbits to EL2 well outside of the Earth's magnetic field, such a voyage would in principle be not very different from one going to Mars. To reduce the transfer time in any significant manner (down to one day) requires an increase of the transfer ∆V by roughly an order of magnitude. The infrastructure cost and risk for both options are extremely high. Lo and Ross [2001] suggested an alternate approach by using the Moon'sL1(lunarL1: LL1) as a base of operations for servicing missions at the Earth's libration points.By placing a Lunar Gateway Habitat in orbit around LL1, the spacecraft at EL2 can be brought back and forth to LL1with relatively little cost. An example trajectory is presented in this section which requires only a single 14 m/s deterministic maneuver (statistical maneuvers not included) to convey a spacecraft from LL1to EL2orbit (see Figure 5.5.3). Transfers for EL2 to LL1 would have similar costs. With optimization, even this small deterministic maneuver may be removed in some instances. The transfer from the LL1to EL2 region requires about 40 days. This efficient transfer is achieved using a methodology similar to the one in the previous section,with the main difference that the transfer is an intersection of the surface of tubes in the Earth-Moon and Sun-Earth systems, rather than the transit and non-transit orbits on either side of the tube surfaces.

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Раз из НАСА американцы говорят о человеческих высадках и пришли надолго...

Маск опять напомнил что может и на Луну послать свои корабль

https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/moon-mars/a26513651/elon-musk-interview-spacex-mars/
Elon Musk: The Popular Mechanics Interview
The SpaceX CEO on food, fuel, and the risk of vaporization.
As Told To Ryan D'Agostino
Feb 25, 2019

In January, we ran an exclusive interview with Elon Musk in which he explained, for the first time, his full thinking—and the complex engineering questions—behind his decision to construct SpaceX's Starship rocket and booster with stainless steel. The previous design for the rocket (which was then known as the BFR) had called for carbon fiber, but Musk recalculated and went with steel due to its durability, cost-effectiveness, and ductility.
Here, in a continuation of that interview, Musk goes deep on what it takes to actually travel beyond orbit and into space. Also, it sounds like Mars will have a nice park.
....
RD: Let's talk about Mars. You must have spent some time thinking about those first minutes, hours, and days.
EM: On Mars?

RD: On Mars.
EM: Ahh, not really. I mean—not at the granularity of minutes.

RD: Is that because the focus right now is so much on getting there?
EM: Yeah yeah, you need to get there. That's a big deal. I think Starship will also be good for creating a base on the moon. We'll probably have a base on the moon before going to Mars.

RD: Could you simulate a Mars Base Alpha on the moon?
EM: It would be quite a bit different because the gravity on the moon is much less, and the moon has an atmosphere. But once you get there, it's quite manageable. That's not the hard—there's a lot of work to do once you get there, but it's not like, Oh my god, we're on Mars!
There will be that, from an awe standpoint. But if you got there and you're alive, the hard part is accomplished. That's the hard part.

p.s. новость встретилась вначале на одном английском радио с классической музыкой, и потом на https://spacepolicyonline.com/news/todays-tidbits-february-25-2019/

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Премьер-министр Канады Джастин Трюдо объявил, что Канада присоединилась к проекту Lunar Orbital Platform-Gateway (LOP-G) по созданию лунной орбитальной станции.

Вот и аналог JFK про Луну (смотреть видео на 15 минуте), которого кто-то ждет от российских властей

 
LIVE – Watch Prime Minister Justin Trudeau make a historic announcement about Canada in space!

https://pm.gc.ca/eng/news

Historic investments in Canada's space program to create jobs and new industries

Saint-Hubert, Quebec - February 28, 2019

From pioneering satellite communications technologies to building the 'Canadarm' and space-based radar systems, Canada has made key contributions to space science and technology for close to six decades. Investing in science, innovation, and research unlocks new opportunities for economic growth, creates thousands of jobs for hard-working Canadians, and helps us understand the world we live in and our place in it.

Fifty years after the Moon landing, space exploration is entering a new chapter – and Canada will play a big role in it. The Prime Minister, Justin Trudeau, today announced Canada's new partnership in the NASA-led Lunar Gateway – a project that will see humans return to the Moon and set the stage for further exploration to Mars.

The Gateway is a Moon outpost that will provide living space for astronauts, a docking station for visiting spacecraft, and laboratories for research. Canada will develop and contribute a smart robotic system – Canadarm3 – that will repair and maintain the Gateway.

Canada's partnership in the Gateway ushers in a new era of Canadian excellence in space, and will be the cornerstone of Canada's new, ambitious space strategy.

Спойлер

The Government of Canada will invest $2.05 billion over 24 years for Canada's space program. This investment will create hundreds of good, well-paying jobs over the next ten years – from scientists and engineers to technicians and computer programmers – and will contribute $100 million annually to Canada's gross domestic product.
It will also help grow innovative Canadian companies of all sizes by supporting the development of new digital and artificial intelligence-based technologies, and by opening new markets for Canadian businesses.

This investment will also give Canadian astronauts the opportunity to participate in missions to space and our scientists a chance to conduct cutting-edge research that cannot be done on Earth.

The investment includes $150 million over five years in support for a new Lunar Exploration Accelerator Program. Drawing on Canada's expertise as a world leader in innovation, this program will help small and medium-sized businesses in Canada develop new technologies to be used and tested in lunar orbit and on the Moon's surface in fields that include artificial intelligence, robotics, and health.

Later today, in a town hall with Canadian students, the Prime Minister will also launch a junior astronaut recruitment initiative to begin this fall. The initiative will inspire the next generation of astronauts and get young Canadians excited about careers in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. Top-performing participants will train with astronauts at the Canadian Space Agency headquarters.

Space exploration increases our knowledge of our planet and universe, and encourages research and discoveries that will create new business opportunities here in Canada and improve our daily lives.

Through these investments, the Government of Canada is supporting future generations of innovators and explorers, and ensuring that Canadians are ready to take advantage of the jobs and industries of tomorrow.
Quotes

"Canada's historic investment will create good jobs for Canadians, keep our astronaut program running and our aerospace industry strong and growing, while opening up a new realm of possibilities for Canadian research and innovation. With the Lunar Gateway, Canada will play a major role in one of the most ambitious projects ever undertaken. Together, with our partners from around the world, we'll continue to push the boundaries of human ambition, and inspire generations of kids – and adults – to always aim higher and aspire to something greater."
—The Rt. Hon. Justin Trudeau, Prime Minister of Canada

"Canada recognizes that space is a national asset and a source of pride, and is committed to supporting economic opportunities that will unlock growth and jobs across this vibrant sector. The Government of Canada has a forward-looking vision for its space program and sector, making sure that our country remains a leading space-faring nation. Thanks to this investment, our Canadian astronauts will have access to new space missions, inspiring generations to come. The Canadian space community will maintain global leadership in robotics, and capitalize on our world-leading expertise in AI, and health."
—The Hon. Navdeep Bains, Minister of Innovation, Science and Economic Development

Quick Facts

[/li]
• Canada's space sector employs 10,000 highly skilled workers and generated $2.3 billion for Canada's economy in 2017, and over $2.1 billion in export sales.
• The Government of Canada has invested more than $550 million since 2015 in Canada's space sector, extending our participation in the International Space Station, providing funding to the Canadian Space Agency to test technologies in space, and helping Canadian companies scale up through the Strategic Innovation Fund.
• This funding includes an investment of $100 million over five years in Budget 2018 to leverage Canada's expertise in satellite communications technologies for space and advance these promising technologies to create economic and social benefits for Canadians.
  

[/li][li]In 2017, Canada launched a $125 million Pan-Canadian Artificial Intelligence Strategy to retain and attract top academic talent, and to increase the number of post-graduate trainees and researchers studying artificial intelligence and deep learning.
[/li][/LIST]Related Product

[/li]
• Backgrounder: Canada reaches for the Moon and beyond
  

Associated Links

[/li]
• The Lunar Gateway
• Junior Astronauts
• Pan-Canadian Artificial Intelligence Strategy
• Strategic Innovation Fund
  

[свернуть]

https://pm.gc.ca/eng/news/2019/02/28/canada-reaches-moon-and-beyond
Canada reaches for the Moon and beyond

Saint-Hubert, Quebec - February 28, 2019

Countries from around the world are getting ready to send people beyond the International Space Station (ISS) and into our solar system. Canada is investing in our space program to support initiatives that will create hundreds of jobs for Canadians, unlock new markets for our businesses, and help us answer important questions about our planet, our universe, and ourselves.

The Lunar Gateway
The United States-led Lunar Gateway is an international collaboration in human space exploration. About one-fifth of the size of the ISS, it will orbit the Moon and serve as a:

science laboratory
test site for new technologies
meeting location for exploration to the surface of the Moon
mission control centre for operations on the Moon
future stepping stone for voyages to Mars
The Gateway is expected to be fully functional in the Moon's orbit around 2026.

Canada's contribution to the Gateway will be a smart robotic system – Canadarm3 – that will include a robotic arm, equipment, and specialized tools. This advanced system will help maintain, repair, and inspect the Gateway. It will move equipment, support spacewalks, assemble and deploy scientific instruments, and handle scientific samples collected on the Moon's surface.

This system will help us develop breakthrough technologies that do not exist today, just as past space robotics led to the neuroArm – the world's first robot capable of performing high-risk surgery on previously inoperable tumours – and the Image-Guided Autonomous Robot (IGAR) that helps with the early detection and treatment of breast cancer.

Lunar Exploration Accelerator Program
The Canadian Space Agency's (CSA) new Lunar Exploration Accelerator Program will help Canadian businesses and academic institutions use and test new technologies in lunar orbit and on the surface of the Moon in the fields of health, artificial intelligence, and robotics. The program will spur innovation and new technologies that have applications here on Earth, and will help Canadians get prepared for the jobs of tomorrow in the new global space economy.

Спойлер

Junior astronauts initiative
Through the CSA's new junior astronauts initiative, Canadian youth will develop teamwork and communications skills while taking part in activities related to space, science, and technology. Top-performing participants will attend a space camp with astronauts at the CSA's headquarters in Saint-Hubert, Quebec, and learn how they could have a role in future Canadian space missions.

[свернуть]

Просто картинка, кому-то должна понравиться

http://asc-csa.gc.ca/eng/astronomy/moon-exploration/lunar-gateway.asp
 

The United States-led Lunar Gateway will be the next major international collaboration in human space exploration. It is the first step of an ambitious plan by NASA and the International Space Station (ISS) partners, including Canada, to send humans deeper into space than we have ever been.
Canada is contributing a smart robotic system to the Gateway, a small space station in lunar orbit.
...

 http://asc-csa.gc.ca/eng/astronomy/moon-exploration/canada-role.asp
...
Canada's contribution to the Lunar Gateway
Building on a strong legacy of international collaboration in space exploration, partners in the ISS, including Canada, are planning the development and construction of the Lunar Gateway, which is being led by the United States. The Gateway will serve as a science laboratory, a testbed for new technologies, and a hub for operations and exploration missions to the lunar surface.

Canada's contribution to the Lunar Gateway will be a smart robotic system which includes a next-generation robotic arm, equipment, and specialized tools. Using cutting-edge software and advances in artificial intelligence, this highly-autonomous system will be able to:

maintain, repair and inspect the Gateway
capture visiting vehicles
relocate Gateway modules
help astronauts during spacewalks
enable science both in lunar orbit and on the surface of the Moon
The ability to perform these tasks without human intervention will be vital as the Gateway will not be crewed continuously, and communications delays caused by its lunar orbit will prevent direct real-time control of the robotic system from Earth.

Empowering innovative Canadian science and technology
...

 https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-secures-first-international-partnership-for-moon-to-mars-lunar-gateway

Feb. 28, 2019
RELEASE 19-015
NASA Secures First International Partnership for Moon to Mars Lunar Gateway

The following is a statement from NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine on the announcement Thursday by Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau about Canada's support for the Gateway lunar outpost and deep space exploration:

"NASA is thrilled that Canada is the first international partner for the Gateway lunar outpost. Space exploration is in Canada's DNA. In 1962, Canada became the third nation to launch a satellite into orbit with Alouette 1. 

"Today, Canada leads the world in space-based robotic capabilities, enabling critical repairs to the Hubble Space Telescope and construction of the International Space Station. Our new collaboration on Gateway will enable our broader international partnership to get to the Moon and eventually to Mars."
...

Прямое включение с МКС с канадским астронавтом в Кибо что-то не сразу получилось .... звука не было

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 http://militarynews.ru/story.asp?rid=1&nid=503491

06.03.2019 15:55:34

Москва. 6 марта. ИНТЕРФАКС - Формат участия РФ в проекте окололунной станции совместно с США пока не найден, заявил руководитель пресс-службы "Роскосмоса" Владимир Устименко.

"Россия по-прежнему готова к обсуждению всех вопросов по этому проекту. Вопрос сейчас состоит в том, чтобы найти взаимоудовлетворяющий формат отношений в рамках программы. Пока этот формат не найден, но мы надеемся, что наше участие в этой международной кооперации все-таки возможно",- сказал В.Устименко журналистам в среду.
....

https://tass.ru/kosmos/6192570

МОСКВА, 6 марта. /ТАСС/. Госкорпорация "Роскосмос" готова к продолжению переговоров по участию в американском проекте окололунной станции Deep Space Gateway. Об этом сообщил в среду журналистам руководитель ее пресс-службы Владимир Устименко.

"Россия по-прежнему готова к обсуждению всех вопросов по этому проекту. Вопрос в том, чтобы найти взаимоудовлетворяющий формат отношений в этом проекте. Пока он не найден", - сказал Устименко.
...

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Тут не было таких картинок запуски не SLS и про пилотируемую высадку на Луну в 2028

https://www.nasa.gov/feature/nasa-seeks-us-partners-to-develop-reusable-systems-to-land-astronauts-on-moon
Feb. 7, 2019
NASA Seeks US Partners to Develop Reusable Systems to Land Astronauts on Moon

As the next major step to return astronauts to the Moon under Space Policy Directive-1, NASA announced plans on Dec. 13 to work with American companies to design and develop new reusable systems for astronauts to land on the lunar surface. The agency is planning to test new human-class landers on the Moon beginning in 2024, with the goal of sending crew to the surface in 2028.
Through multi-phased lunar exploration partnerships, NASA is asking American companies to study the best approach to landing astronauts on the Moon and start the development as quickly as possible with current and future anticipated technologies.
...

Картинки из запроса на разработку

https://www.nasa.gov/nextstep/humanlander
 https://www.fbo.gov/index?s=opportunity&mode=form&tab=core&id=13ca9566b575d496988122e66efc8230
 https://www.fbo.gov/utils/view?id=6263070e96dfa0fd74e4f036f93189b6

Версия на русском  https://habr.com/ru/post/439792/

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Россия пока фигурирует     
Картинка хорошая, но в тексте упоминается что только Канада из других партнерах заявила о финансировании и просят выбивать денег из правительств....

 https://www.nasa.gov/feature/multilateral-coordination-board-joint-statement

March 5, 2019

Multilateral Coordination Board Joint Statement



In a meeting on March 5, 2019, the International Space Station (ISS) Multilateral Coordination Board (MCB) emphasized the importance of affordable and sustainable exploration. The MCB members from the United States, Canada, Europe, Japan, and Russia discussed their common interest in deploying a human outpost in the lunar vicinity as the next step, a Gateway that will serve as a way station for exploring the surface of the Moon. The MCB endorsed plans to continue developing the Gateway and welcomed each Agency's intention to seek the necessary approvals for providing the elements, modules and capabilities shown in this graphic concept for Gateway configuration.

Спойлер

The International Space Station (ISS) Multilateral Coordination Board (MCB), which oversees the management of the ISS, met on March 5th, 2019. Its members[1] acknowledged the recent 20thanniversary of the launch of the first International Space Station module and celebrated the success of the ISS partnership. This international team has not only built the space station and risen to the challenges of its day-to-day dynamic operation, but – most importantly – delivered tangible benefits to humanity.

Important outcomes of the ISS include both new scientific knowledge and technical innovation. These advancements address sustainable development here on Earth and help preparations to extend human presence further into our Solar System. The MCB highlighted the fact that more than 100 countries have now used the space station for research or education. Furthermore, representatives noted with satisfaction that the ISS is nurturing a growing economy in Low Earth Orbit research, business and services. 

Looking beyond the ISS, the MCB recalled the historic achievement almost fifty years ago of the first human landing on the Moon. It reviewed the extensive work carried out by the ISS partners to study concepts for extending human exploration to the Moon and subsequently to Mars. Emphasising the importance of affordable and sustainable exploration, the MCB discussed their common interest in deploying a human outpost in the lunar vicinity as the next step. Known as the Gateway, it will serve as a way station one thousand times more distant from Earth than today's ISS, to support exploration of the lunar surface.

Within a broader open architecture for human lunar exploration, the MCB acknowledged the Gateway as a critical next step. The Gateway will support human and robotic access to the lunar surface, and build invaluable experience needed for the challenges of later human missions to Mars. The unique location of the Gateway will offer a platform for important scientific discovery in a deep space environment very different from that of the ISS and enable lunar surface exploration. Its special orbit will also provide excellent visibility of both the Earth and the Moon's surface for communications relay purposes.  It will stimulate the development of advanced technologies, expand the emerging space economy, and continue to leverage the societal benefits of space exploration for citizens on Earth.  Gateway will ultimately enable international and commercial partners to participate in human exploration, research and technology development and will be foundational for establishing a sustained human presence around and on the Moon.

[свернуть]

Following several years of extensive study among the agencies culminating in a  successful technical assessment, the MCB endorsed plans to continue the Gateway development.  It welcomed each agency's intention to proceed toward their respective stakeholders' approval and funding processes for providing specific elements, modules, and capabilities to the Gateway and associated benefits based on a common concept (see Graphic)

The MCB welcomed with enthusiasm Canada's announcement on February 28th, 2019, that it would participate in the Gateway and contribute advanced robotics, making the Canadian Space Agency the first partner agency to join NASA in the Gateway.

Finally, recalling the ambition and far-sighted decisions that led to the success of both Apollo and the ISS, MCB members affirmed their common hope that the Gateway should secure new achievements in the field of space exploration, serve as the next step on a sustainable path to the Moon and beyond, and inspire the next generation as a future success of international cooperation in science and technology. 
 

[1] representing the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Canadian Space Agency, the European Space Agency, the Government of Japan's Ministry for Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and the State Space Corporation Roscosmos

Last Updated: March 11, 2019
Editor: Carlyle Webb

Гугло перевод

После нескольких лет обширных исследований среди агентств, завершившихся успешной технической оценкой, MCB одобрил планы продолжения разработки Gateway. Он приветствовал намерение каждого агентства перейти к процессам утверждения и финансирования соответствующих заинтересованных сторон для предоставления определенных элементов, модулей и возможностей для шлюза и связанных с ними выгод на основе общей концепции (см. Рисунок).

MCB встречен с энтузиазмом объявлением Канады по 28 февраля - го , 2019, что она будет участвовать в шлюзе и внести свой вклад передовой робототехнику, делая Канадскому космическому агентству первого партнера агентство присоединиться к НАСА в шлюзе.

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ЕКА пишет

 http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Human_and_Robotic_Exploration/Gateway_to_the_Moon

11 March 2019


в большем размере https://www.esa.int/spaceinimages/Images/2019/03/The_Gateway_concept
The International Space Station partners have endorsed plans to continue the development of the Gateway, an outpost around the Moon that will act as a base to support both robots and astronauts exploring the lunar surface.
The Multilateral Coordination Board, which oversees the management of the Space Station, stressed its common hope for the Gateway to open up a cost-effective and sustainable path to the Moon and beyond.

The announcement comes after several years of extensive study among space agencies who have developed a technically achievable design. The partnership includes European countries (represented by ESA), the United States (NASA), Russia (Roscosmos), Canada (CSA) and Japan (JAXA).

"We are getting ready, together, to send humans farther into the Solar System than ever before. The lunar Gateway is the next big step in human exploration and we are working to make Europe a part of it," says David Parker, ESA's human and robotic exploration director.

NASA's Orion spacecraft will transport astronauts to the Gateway. Orion is powered by the European Service Module, which will give the crewed vehicle a final push to inject it into translunar orbit.

Almost 50 years after the first human landing on the Moon, the Gateway will support human and robotic access to the lunar surface. "We will extend the presence of humans one thousand times farther into space compared to today's International Space Station," adds David Parker.

Спойлер

The Gateway will offer a platform for scientific discovery in deep space and build invaluable experience for the challenges of future human missions to Mars.

Nearly 400 000 km away from Earth, its orbit will provide excellent visibility of both the Earth and the Moon's surface allowing it to relay communications.

According to the board, the Gateway "will stimulate the development of advanced technologies, expand the emerging space economy, and continue to leverage the societal benefits of space exploration for citizens on Earth."

[свернуть]

Canada has already confirmed its commitment to join NASA in the Gateway and contribute advanced robotics to the project, making the Canadian Space Agency the first partner agency.

ESA's potential involvement includes the ESPRIT module to provide communications and refueling of the Gateway and a science airlock for deploying science payloads and cubesats.

ESA is also studying its involvement in the international habitation module working with the international partners.

A possible commitment towards building Europe's contributions to the Gateway will be one of the key decisions to be made by Ministers at the Space19+ Conference in November 2019.
 

Спойлер

A springboard to the future
The Gateway would not be possible without the International Space Station. After two decades of successful operations in orbit and a solid partnership on Earth, the Space Station is the worlds largest cooperative programme in science and technology.

With more than 100 countries having used it for research and education activities, the partners remark that the Space Station is also nurturing a growing economy of business and services in Earth's orbit.

"This international team has not only built the Space Station and risen to the challenges of its day-to-day dynamic operation, but – most importantly – delivered tangible benefits to humanity," says the statement.

[свернуть]

В Японии Лунный конгресс.

Россия???

https://ria.ru/20190311/1551707167.html
МОСКВА, 11 мар - РИА Новости. Гендиректор "Роскосмоса" Дмитрий Рогозин сообщил на своей странице в Twitter, что провел телефонный разговор с главой НАСА Джимом Брайденстайном, обсудив запуск пилотируемого корабля "Союз МС-12" к МКС с космодрома Байконур 14 марта и лунную программу.

"Сегодня провел телефонный разговор с Джимом Брайденстайном. Обсудили предстоящий пуск с Байконура и будущие двусторонние контакты. Глава НАСА поделился радостью в связи с удовлетворением их финансовой заявки на дальнейшее развитие Лунной программы", - написал Рогозин.

Ранее сообщалось, что Россия разрабатывает свою лунную программу, она должна была быть представлена в правительство к весне, но недавно стало известно, что ее внесут на рассмотрение Совета безопасности в течение полугода. Также сообщалось, что НАСА приглашало "Роскосмос" участвовать в создании Международной окололунной станции. Россия пока обдумывает это предложение.

https://ria.ru/20190312/1551722762.html
МОСКВА, 12 мар — РИА Новости. "Роскосмос" опубликовал на своей странице в Twitter видео о самом мощном в мире ракетном двигателе РД-171МВ.
В ролике гендиректор предприятия-разработчика НПО "Энергомаш" Игорь Арбузов отмечает, что мощность двигателя составит 246 тысяч лошадиных сил, а тяга при массе в десять тонн превысит 800 тонн.
...
В декабре Арбузов сообщал, что первый двигатель поставят заказчику в 2021 году.
...
"Роскосмос" запрашивает на создание "Енисея" 1,2 триллиона рублей.
Эскизный проект с окончательным обликом ракеты и техническими особенностями должен быть подготовлен к ноябрю этого года.

На картинках Лунный Рогозинский Союз который по его словам по просьбе НАСА - не нарисован.

Грузовой и JAXA - это кажется что Япония будет запускать грузовики. Из Ариана говорили что могут тоже... но подождем конца года.

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ЕКА к Картинке такое пишет

 https://www.esa.int/spaceinimages/Images/2019/03/The_Gateway_concept
Title The Gateway concept
Released 11/03/2019 3:35 pm
Copyright NASA/ESA
Description
The space Gateway is the next structure to be launched by the partners of the International Space Station.

During the 2020s, it will be assembled and operated in the vicinity of the Moon, where it will move between different orbits and enable the most distant human space missions ever attempted.

Placed farther from Earth than the current Space Station – but not in a lunar orbit – the Gateway will offer a staging post for missions to the Moon and Mars.

Like a mountain refuge, it will provide shelter and a place to stock up on supplies for astronauts en route to more distant destinations. It will also offer a place to relay communications and can act as a base for scientific research.

The Gateway will weigh around 40 tonnes and will consist of a service module, a communications module, a connecting module, an airlock for spacewalks, a place for the astronauts to live and an operations station to command the gateway's robotic arm or rovers on the Moon. Astronauts will be able to occupy it for up to 90 days at a time.

[Чебурашка]

ESA уже делает агрегатный отсек для Ориона.
Так что ESA уже по факту входит.

[triage]

Чебурашка пишет:
ESA уже делает агрегатный отсек для Ориона.
Так что ESA уже по факту входит.

Кажется он по обмену, а не траты на себя (агенство, страны).

Что-то писали только о нескольких сервисных модулях, в дальнейшем было непонятно.

[triage]

Джакса тоже повторила что писала НАСА и другими словами ESA

 http://global.jaxa.jp/press/2019/03/20190312b.html

Multilateral Coordination Board Joint Statement
toward the development of the Gateway

March 12, 2019 (JST)

National Research and Development Agency
Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)

On March 5, 2019, the International Space Station (ISS) Multilateral Coordination Board (MCB) met, where JAXA had participated in this board to assist the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) as a space agency.
The ISS MCB oversees the management of the ISS to discuss periodically on important subjects related to the operation and utilization of the ISS.

At the MCB, representatives from the United States, Canada, Europe, Russia and Japan reviewed the status on the technical assessment towards extending human presence further into our Solar System, as well as the progress of the ISS operation, scientific and technological outcomes through the use of ISS, and released the Joint Statement.

Multilateral Coordination Board Joint Statement

The International Space Station (ISS) Multilateral Coordination Board (MCB), which oversees the management of the ISS, met on March 5th, 2019. Its members[1] acknowledged the recent 20th anniversary of the launch of the first International Space Station module and celebrated the success of the ISS partnership. This international team has not only built the space station and risen to the challenges of its day-to-day dynamic operation, but - most importantly - delivered tangible benefits to humanity.
....

Там все таки список интересный

[1] representing the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Canadian Space Agency, the European Space Agency, the Government of Japan's Ministry for Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and the State Space Corporation Roscosmos

не JAXA, а МЕХT

3 марта 2018 года в Японии состоялся 2-й Международный форум по исследованию космоса (ISEF2),
Взгляд JAXA на международное сотрудничество по Луне
 http://www.jaxa.jp/press/2019/03/files/20190312a_01.pdf (луноходы на SLS ? )
 http://www.jaxa.jp/press/2019/03/files/20190312a_02.pdf (концепт с Toyota)

Видео с pdf
 
 

JAXA и Toyota оказывается с марта 2018 разрабатывают концепт пилотируемого лунохода на 2 членов экипажа
jp http://www.jaxa.jp/press/2019/03/20190312a_j.html
en

http://global.jaxa.jp/press/2019/03/20190312a.html

JAXA and Toyota Reach Agreement on Taking Up the Challenge
of International Space Exploration —Aim is to make future lunar mobility a reality—
March 12, 2019 (JST)

Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
Toyota Motor Corporation

Tokyo, Japan, March 12, 2019—The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) and Toyota Motor Corporation (Toyota) agreed today to study the possibility of collaborating on international space exploration. As a first step, JAXA and Toyota agreed to further cooperate on and accelerate their ongoing joint study*1 of a manned, pressurized rover*2 that employs fuel cell vehicle technologies. Such a form of mobility is deemed necessary for human exploration activities on the lunar surface. Even with the limited amount of energy that can be transported to the moon, the pressurized rover would have a total lunar-surface cruising range of more than 10,000 km.
...
Comments by JAXA Vice President Wakata

"At JAXA, , we are studying various scenarios as well as technologies that will be applied to specific space missions. Manned, pressurized rovers will be an important element supporting human lunar exploration, which we envision will take place in the 2030s. We aim at launching such a rover into space in 2029.
...
Toyota's 'space mobility' concept meets such mission requirements. Toyota and JAXA have been jointly studying the concept of a manned, pressurized rover since May of 2018.
...

Concept proposal for the pressurized rover being studied by JAXA and Toyota
Length: 6.0 m; width: 5.2 m; height: 3.8 m (about the size of two microbuses)
Living space: 13m3
Capable of accommodating two people (four people in an emergency)



*1   A conceptual study on a manned, pressurized rover, jointly pursued by Toyota and JAXA since May 2018 based on a cooperation agreement
*2   As envisioned in this project, a vehicle that has an enclosed body equipped with functions and space that enable astronauts to live in the vehicle for fixed periods without wearing space suits, that allows ingress and egress while wearing space suits, and that makes possible sustainable mobility on the surface of a moon or planet by way of astronaut operation, remote operation, or autonomous driving

На pdf было две Тойоты на посадочном модуле как и в видео

 https://global.toyota/en/newsroom/corporate/27059582.html
Mar. 12, 2019
JAXA and Toyota Reach Agreement on Consideration Toward International Space ExplorationAiming to make future lunar mobility a reality

 

Участие Роскосмоса в Околлунной базе все таки было найдено

https://www.roscosmos.ru/26193/
С 11 по 17 марта во всех школах страны проходит VIII Всероссийская Школьная Неделя высоких технологий и технопредпринимательства. Организаторами выступили Госкорпорация «Роскосмос», Росатом, Фонд инфраструктурных и образовательных программ (группа РОСНАНО) и Благотворительный фонд Сбербанка «Вклад в будущее». Неделя также проходит при поддержке Министерства просвещения России.

http://htweek.ru
ГОТОВЫЕ УРОКИ

Изучение и освоение Луны

Видеоматериалы для уроков о космосе. "Мы были на Луне" - Представленные 3 фильма рассказывают об истории полетов на Луну и ее будущем освоении, а также об участии в создании окололунной международной орбитальной станции.

и офтопик по теме окололунной Космический стартап

[triage]

Хотя 13 марта начали говорить что Орион можно запустить и в двухпуск на коммерческих ракетах

что было до этого
Запросы НАСА на FY2020 (не итоговые)

 https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/fy2020_summary_budget_brief.pdf





Develops the first elements of Lunar Gateway, the Power and Propulsion Element, ready for launch in 2022, and the Utilization module and ESPRIT enabling crew to stay aboard starting in 2024.

Develops and grows emerging technology and commercial capabilities to deliver science and technology payloads to the Moon in preparation for exploration and further enhance human lunar lander capabilities.

Focuses the SLS program on the completion of the initial version of SLS and supporting a reliable annual SLS / Orion flight cadence. Defers funding of Block 1B for the SLS.  

The Lunar Surface Innovation Initiative (LSII) serves as a catalyst for enabling critical technologies required for humans to successfully operate on the lunar surface. These include surface power and in situ resource utilization.

Utilizes public-private partnerships to develop a human-class lunar lander system that will, along with other Exploration Campaign activities, reestablish U.S. preeminence to, around, and on the lunar surface leading to a human lunar landing by 2028.

Develops lunar robotic rover capabilities to support science and resource utilization investigations, and technology. 

Advanced Cislunar and Surface Capabilities leads the Exploration Campaign with developing a reusable human lunar landing architecture utilizing innovative public-private partnerships.

Also advances partnerships through first elements of Gateway; the Power and Propulsion Element, ready for launch in 2022, and the Utilization module and ESPRIT enabling crew to stay aboard starting in 2024.

Serves as a catalyst for new technology required to "lead the return of humans to the Moon for long-term exploration and utilization (Space Policy Directive-1)."

Readies Laser Communications Relay Demonstration for 2020 launch to enable optical communications for both near-Earth and deep space missions; and three small spacecraft for flight.

Develops Solar Electric Propulsion for Lunar Gateway, and continues public-private partnerships to flight demonstrate robotic in-space manufacturing and assembly technologies to build large structures in a space environment.

https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/fy2020_mission_fact_sheets.pdf

Здесь текстовка и вопросы журналистов  https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/transcript_fy_2020_budget_telecon.pdf

...
Chart 3, this budget has several firsts, Exploration Firsts through 2024, and starting from the left, our Commercial Crew program with its successful splashdown of Dragon last Friday morning. That kicks it off, eventually getting humans up to the Space Station later on this year with Boeing's SpaceX. We've got the Commercial Lunar Payload Services activity to deliver science and tech payloads to the moon. That's otherwise known as CLPS, the second column there. EM-1, along with EM-2 and EM-3, are SLS and Orion flights. More on that shortly. I'll talk about that. Mars 2020 on track for launch next year. And then we have the first element launch of the Gateway, our Power Propulsion Element in 2022. that's on a commercial ELV. All the Gateway elements will be on commercial ELVs. We also have Enhanced Science and Exploration Mobility Capabilities. We will see rovers on the Moon as soon as 2023. Then we have our next Gateway element with Espirit, the European-provided Espirit, and Utilization Module in 2024 time frame. That will enable finally a crew to stay aboard the Gateway. And then we have the EM-3 mission, the first crewed mission to the Gateway. Then, finally, in 2024, we're planning a series of Lunar Lander Demonstration Missions with the first uncrewed mission testing, human descent capabilities on the surface in 2024, and you'll see a Lunar Lander Descent Module Demo there. So a lot of activity over this budget horizon. 
...
The Lunar Gateway is an outpost orbiting the Moon. We'll see that in the mid-2020s. The first element is the Power Propulsion Element being launched in '22, with the Espirit and Utilization Module in '24. Then later on, you'll see beyond the budget horizon, we'll have future
habitation modules and logistics capacity as well. 
The Commercial launch capabilities to enable regular, low-cost access to the lunar vicinity and surface, this is through our Commercial Lunar Payload Services, the CLPS activity, and then finally, we have about $363 million starting in '20 for activity to enable Lunar landers and human access to the lunar surface by the late 2020s. And that number will actually grow to about $2.3 billion in 2024 in our Advanced Cislunar and Surface Capabilities program.
Finally, around all this, wherever possible, we'll be leveraging, building on commercial and international partnerships as we go forward. This program will get us back to the lunar surface the soonest.
...
Next, Chart 5. As I said, develops the first elements of the Lunar Gateway, the PPE, ready to launch in 2022. We'll have a contract planned for award later this year and the Utilization module and Esprit enabling crew to stay aboard starting in 2024. Gateway will all be launched on commercial launches, and we have about $820 million aligned in the '20 budget for the Gateway activities.
We also are using the growing emerging technology and commercial capabilities to deliver science and technology payloads to the Moon. 
....

Белый Дом - https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/budget-fy2020.pdf

[triage]

Два сообщения ТАСС

 https://tass.ru/kosmos/6213279

13 МАР, 20:35Обновлено 20:46

Глава NASA рассказал об уникальных и прочных взаимоотношениях с Россией в космосе
...
отметил глава NASA, отвечая на вопрос об отношениях с РФ в сфере освоения космоса в ходе слушаний в комитете по торговле, науке и транспорту Сената Конгресса США.
...
"Сейчас у нас есть программа МКС, и Россия очень заинтересована в партнерстве с нами применительно к нашему полету на Луну", - подчеркнул Брайденстайн.
....
"Прочные партнерские отношения, <...> уникальные партнерские отношения [между США и Россией], что хорошо для космоса", - заключил глава NASA.

О сотрудничестве США и РФ в космосе

Россия и США участвуют в реализации программы МКС с 1998 года в кооперации с рядом европейских стран, а также Японией и Канадой. После прекращения полетов в 2011 году американских шаттлов доставка на МКС астронавтов NASA осуществляется российскими пилотируемыми кораблями "Союз". Разработанные Институтом космических исследований РАН приборы ХЕНД, ЛЕНД, ДАН успешно работают в составе американских межпланетных аппаратов Mars Odyssey (с мая 2002 года), Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (с июня 2009 года), марсохода Curiosity (с августа 2012 года.) соответственно.

Кроме того, США закупает у НПО "Энергомаш" двигатели РД-180 для своих ракет Atlas V, к 28 сентября 2017 года состоялось 79 запусков ракет семейства Atlas, оснащенных российскими двигателями (шесть запусков Atlas III в 2000-2005 гг. и 73 запуска Atlas V в 2002-2017 годах). Российские ракеты-носители используются для вывода на околоземную орбиту коммерческих американских спутников.

https://tass.ru/kosmos/6213008
13 МАР, 19:31
Миссия США на Луну пройдет при поддержке международных и коммерческих партнеров
...
Об этом рассказал в среду руководитель Национального управления США по аэронавтике и исследованию космического пространства (NASA) Джеймс Брайденстайн, выступая в среду на слушаниях в комитете по торговле, науке и транспорту Сената Конгресса США.
...
На слушаниях во вторник глава NASA подчеркнул, что "Россия выразила заинтересованность в разработке и внедрении многоцелевого модуля" в рамках миссии на Луну.

[triage]

Раз все модули на коммерческих то и возможный российский придется запускать не на SLS, на Ангаре наверное.


Раз модули на коммерческих, то и луноходы пересадить с SLS.

[Дмитрий Инфан]

На "Ангаре" только в двупуск.

[Denis Voronin]

Дмитрий Инфан пишет:
На "Ангаре" только в двупуск.

Сколько там УИ у перспективных ионок? А то мож и за однопуск.

[triage]

Красивые pdf от декабря месяца

https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/heo/nac-heoc
Meeting Minutes and Reports

December 6-7, 2018 NASA Headquarters (HQ)

 https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/heo_minutes_dec._6-7_2018_final_021419.pdf

 https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/gerst_nac-open_dec-2018_final_tagged.pdf
 https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/20181207-nac-heoc_ppe_gates_final2c_tagged.pdf
 https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/20181207-crusan-gateway-reduced-v4tagged.pdf

 https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/whitmeyer_nac_12-6-2018_v05_tagged.pdf

Но что их приводить если в них SLS вместе с Орионом выводит модули.

И даже это уже устарело
PPE partnership contract selection(s) March 2019 (TBD) (PPE Selection(s) – March 2019)
Science/Utilization Workshop – Spring 2019
Gateway U.S. Logistics and U.S. Habitation solicitations – Spring/Summer 2019

Habitation Development Partnerships
Five full-sized ground prototypes will be delivered for testing in 2019; in final negotiations with
NanoRacks for sixth habitat prototype demonstrator

https://spacenews.com/budget-proposal-iss-partners-provide-new-momentum-for-lunar-gateway/
Budget proposal, ISS partners provide new momentum for lunar Gateway
by Jeff Foust — March 12, 2019
...
NASA is currently evaluating proposals fr om industry to develop the Gateway, and expects to make a selection by May.

https://spacenews.com/shutdown-to-delay-first-element-of-nasas-lunar-gateway/
Shutdown to delay first element of NASA's lunar Gateway
by Jeff Foust — February 27, 2019

...

https://www.flickr.com/photos/nasahqphoto/47353728351/in/dateposted/

оригинал https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7856/47353728351_533c8d1a92_o_d.jpg
Moon to Mars Event (NHQ201803110035)
Taken on March 11, 2019
Bill Pratt, Lockheed Martin NextSTEP program manager gives NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine a tour of the Lockheed Martin Gateway habitat prototype in the Space Station Processing Facility High Bay, after an event to discuss NASA's progress toward sending astronauts to the Moon and on to Mars, Monday March 11, 2019 at Kennedy Space Center in Florida. For information on NASA's Moon to Mars plans, visit: www.nasa.gov/moontomars Photo credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)

Sierra Nevada Corporation@SierraNevCorp 5 мар.

If you lived near the Moon, what could your home look like? SNC is developing a habitat prototype for NASA designed to orbit the moon & support deep space missions, like a mission to Mars. Check out wh ere it's being built & images of the inside here!

ВИДЕО 

 https://twitter.com/SierraNevCorp/status/1103349053243510789
@SierraNevCorp 6 мар.
SNC was honored to host @NASA Administrator @JimBridenstine at our Louisville, CO facilities. Our team updated him on the products & programs SNC is developing, showed him our Dream Chaser free flight test vehicle & took him to our production floor.

Надувной жилой модуль


 https://twitter.com/SierraNevCorp/status/1104056719125213185
@SierraNevCorp 8 мар.

Our cargo module design is huge! It's being used for both our Dream Chaser spacecraft and our lunar Gateway design. Here is @JimBridenstine taking a look at its large cargo capacity.

 Sierra Nevada Corporation‏@SierraNevCorp 17 ч.17 часов назад
SNC's prototype for @NASA's Lunar Gateway is 27ft in diameter. How do you get something so large into space? That's a question you can ask during tomorrow's Twitter Q&A w/one of SNC's chief engineers on the project. Use the hashtag #AskAwayGateway to get your question answered.

А запрос на 2020 год больше чем рисовали циферки в прошлом году на 2020.

 https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/fy19_nasa_budget_estimates.pdf
Lunar Orbital Platform - Gateway
2019 - 504.2
2020 - 662.0

 https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/fy_2019_mission_fact_sheets.pdf
FY 2019 Budget Request
Lunar Orbital Platform - Gateway - 504.2 $ Millions

 https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/fy2020_mission_fact_sheets.pdf
FY 2020 Budget Request
Gateway - 821.4 $ Millions

[Alex_II]

Denis Voronin пишет:
Сколько там УИ у перспективных ионок? А то мож и за однопуск.

Кстати хорошая мысль. Время-то не шибко ограничивает... СБ побольше, ионники, бак с рабочим телом и глядишь за полгода доползет... Не переоблучится в поясах?

[Denis Voronin]

Alex_II пишет:

Denis Voronin пишет:
Сколько там УИ у перспективных ионок? А то мож и за однопуск.

Кстати хорошая мысль. Время-то не шибко ограничивает... СБ побольше, ионники, бак с рабочим телом и глядишь за полгода доползет... Не переоблучится в поясах?

В поясах однозначно огребёт и сильно, но это не особо критично при правильном дизайне - многократное дублирование с возможностью последующей замены. Масса электроники ничтожна по сравнению с общей массой конструкции, можно кораблями снабжения подвозить как расходку, заодно и апгрейдить. Там всё равно придётся закладывать прожарку от вспышек уже во время работы, так что полностью заменяемые мозги Хала9к необходимость.

[triage]

https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/news-photo/diver-and-astronaut-testing-the-esprit-module-of-the-lunar-news-photo/1131160215
Test Of The Lunar Module 'ESPRIT' In The Pools Of Comex In Marseille

MARSEILLE, FRANCE - FEBRUARY 21: A diver and astronaut testing the Esprit module (developed by Comex and Airbus) of the Lunar Orbital Platform-Gateway (LOP-G) in the pools of Comex, on February 21, 2019 in Marseille, France. (Photo by Alexis Rosenfeld/Getty Images)

 
...
...

https://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Human_and_Robotic_Exploration/Floating_ideas_for_an_airlock_near_the_Moon

FLOATING IDEAS FOR AN AIRLOCK NEAR THE MOON

13 March 2019
Assembly of a new habitable structure near the Moon, known as the Gateway, is scheduled to begin in 2023. The international project will allow humans to explore farther than ever before and it brings new opportunities for European design in space.

In late 2018, ESA commissioned two consortia – one led by Airbus and the other by Thales Alenia Space – to undertake parallel studies into the design of a scientific airlock. Similarly to the Japanese Experiment Module Kibo on the International Space Station, this airlock will allow scientific experiments to be transferred from the Gateway to and from outer space.

The scientific airlock forms one part of a European module called ESPRIT – a module that will also enable refuelling and provide telecommunications with the Moon and Earth.  

Though it is still very early days for the ESPRIT development, ESA astronaut Jean-François Clervoy and ESA astronaut trainer Hervé Stevenin recently had the opportunity to get hands-on with one airlock concept in Marseille, France and see how this could work in space.

Working underwater

Designed and constructed by French company Comex for Airbus, the mockup of ESPRIT's interior was tested underwater to simulate the weightlessness of space.

The team, led by Peter Weiss, used 3D-printed models to represent the hardware that will be operated by astronauts in the Gateway. These included parts of the robotic arm to be developed for the Gateway by the Canadian Space Agency.
....

So, what exactly are the next steps? Philippe says for Airbus and Comex this was a confirmation and fact-finding mission. They will now use the test results to refine their concept and streamline their design.

Thales Alenia Space will also continue to work on their airlock concept and ESA intends to issue a competitive request for proposal in the summer. At this stage both companies will be asked to present their concepts and costings for consideration ahead of ESA's next Ministerial Council in November.