IRNSS-1A - PSLV-С22 (XL) - Шрихарикота FLP - 01.07.2013 22:11 ЛМВ

[Salo]

http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/technology/india-prepares-to-establish-navigation-satellite-system/article4853847.ece

June 27, 2013  
India prepares to establish navigation satellite system
 N. Gopal Raj

About nine years back, the Indian Space Research Organisation's scientists and engineers began to look at the possibility of establishing a navigation satellite system for the country, rather like America's Global Positioning System (GPS).

Like the GPS, the Indian satellites would continually transmit data that allowed suitably equipped receivers to establish their location with considerable precision. The GPS requires a constellation of 24 orbiting satellites, supported by a global network of ground stations, to cover every part of the world. That kind of global system is expensive.

ISRO had a more limited goal — creating a system wholly in India's control for providing navigation signals over this country and surrounding areas. The cost of such a system was a major consideration.

"We looked at many thousands of configurations," said one person who was involved in those early studies. The configuration that was finally chosen for the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS) required just seven satellites.

All seven IRNSS satellites will be at a height of about 36,000 km, taking a whole day to circle the Earth. Three of the satellites will be placed over the equator, in what is known as the geostationary orbit, where they match the Earth's rotation and therefore appear from the ground to remain at a fixed position in the sky. The remaining four satellites will be in pairs in two inclined geosynchronous orbits. From the ground, these satellites will appear to travel in figures of '8' during the course of a day.

The project to establish the IRNSS at a cost of Rs. 1,420 crores was approved by the Union Government in June 2006. The primary service area for the system covers India and up to 1,500 km beyond its borders.

If necessary, the coverage area around India could be enhanced by adding four satellites, the ISRO Chairman, K. Radhakrishnan, told The Hindu.

The first of the IRNSS satellites is scheduled go into space aboard the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle on July 1.

Navigation satellites periodically transmit their precise position in orbit along with the exact time when each transmission takes place. Since these microwave signals travel at the speed of light, the delay between a signal's transmission and its reception allows a receiving device to compute its distance from the satellite involved. With data from four satellites, the receiver can then work out its own position.

Navigation satellites therefore need to carry extremely accurate clocks. Each IRNSS satellite is equipped with three rubidium atomic clocks, which keep precise time down to a few tenths of a trillionth of a second in an hour. Although currently these sophisticated clocks are imported, research efforts to make them indigenously are in progress.

But for the atomic clocks to function properly, they have to be kept at within one degree Celsius of their optimum operating temperature. They must also be protected from excessive vibration and electromagnetic interference. The IRNSS satellites had therefore to be designed to ensure such an environment.

Using the time provided by the clocks and taking into account the satellite's own position in orbit, an onboard navigation payload generates the signal that will be broadcast.

IRNSS satellites transmit signals in two microwave frequency bands known as L5 and S. The system will provide two types of services, the 'Standard Positioning Service' that will be accessible to anyone and an encrypted 'Restricted Service' that will be available only to the military and other government-authorised users.

The system "is expected to provide a position accuracy better than 20 metres in the primary service area," according to an ISRO brochure. However, the space agency's technical personnel believe its actual performance is likely to be better than that and match single-frequency U.S. GPS receivers' position accuracy of about 15 metres.

Those who wish to use the IRNSS will need receivers equipped to pick up and utilise the data transmitted by the Indian satellite system. A standard GPS receiver will not do.

ISRO's Space Applications Centre at Ahmedabad, along with industry, were in the process of developing suitable receivers, said the space agency's chairman.


IRNSS 1A getting ready for Themal Vacuum Test

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http://www.nplindia.org/rubidium-atomic-clock-space

Rubidium Atomic Clock for Space


 CSIR-NPL has developed and transferred the critical technology of Rubidium atomic clock for space applications to ISRO. A model has been developed at CSIR-NPL and is undergoing further developments at Satellite Applications Center before being integrated in the payload of the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite system.
 

 Further critical process for development of glass technology of Rubidium bulbs and cells is under development at CSIR-NPL for making the indigenization of space clocks complete.

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http://forum.nasaspaceflight.com/index.php?topic=30037.msg1069141#msg1069141

input~2 пишет:
Live launch broadcast from 1740UTC, July 1, on webcast.gov.in/live

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[Liss]

A1321/13 - REF VOMM NOTAM A1292/13, WMKK NOTAM 1511/13, VYYY NOTAM A0075/13 AND NTTT NOTAM A0154/13. PSLV-C22 ROCKET LAUNCH FM SHAR RANGE, SHRIHARIKOTA, INDIA IS SKED ON 01ST JULY 2013 BTN 1600-2030. ATC MAY RE ROUTE TFC DRG THE PERIOD AS PER ROUTINGS GIVEN IN THE ABV NOTAMS. LAUNCH WINDOW FOR THE REMAINING PERIOD FM 02ND JULY TO 27TH JULY SHALL BE KEPT ALIVE FOR RESCHEDULING OF LAUNCH IF REQUIRED. GND - UNL) DUPE, 01 JUL 16:00 2013 UNTIL 01 JUL 20:30 2013. CREATED: 29 JUN 08:34 2013

A1292/13 - PSLV-C22 ROCKET LAUNCH FM SHAR RANGE, SRIHARIKOTA WILL TAKE PLACE AS PER FLW DETAILS. THE LAUNCH WILL BE ON ANY ONE OF THE DAY DRG THIS PERIOD. ACTUAL DATE OF LAUNCH WILL BE INTIMATED 24 HR IN ADVANCE THRU A SEPARATE NOTAM. LAUNCH PAD COORD: 1343.9N 08014.2E NO FLT IS PERMITTED OVER THE DNG ZONE. I. DNG ZONE-1 A CIRCLE OF 10NM AROUND THE LAUNCHER II. DNG ZONE-2 A RECTANGULAR AREA BOUNDED BY: 1345N 08045E 1330N 08040E 1320N 08125E 1335N 08130E III. DNG ZONE-3 A RECTANGULAR AREA BOUNDED BY: 1335N 08210E 1305N 08205E 1240N 08400E 1310N 08405E IV. DNG ZONE-4 A RECTANGULAR AREA BOUNDED BY: 1300N 08425E 1230N 08420E 1220N 08505E 1250N 08510E V. DNG ZONE-5 A RECTANGULAR AREA BOUNDED BY 1205N 08835E 1125N 08825E 1110N 08925E 1150N 08935E VI. DNG ZONE-6 A RECTANGULAR AREA BOUNDED BY 1100N 09430E 0900N 09430E 0900N 09540E 1100N 09540E VII. DNG ZONE-7 A RECTANGULAR AREA BOUNDED BY 1700S 13300W 1900S 13300W 1000S 09200W 0800S 09300W ROUTES AFFECTED IN CHENNAI FIR P761 W20 A465 N571 N877 V003 V004 V009 V010 AND L518 CLOSURE/ALTN RTE: 1. P761 NOT AVBL BTN MMV VOR AND PPB VOR ALTN RTE : MMV VOR-P574-GIRNA-DCT-BIKEN-P762-PPB VOR ?BIDIRECTIONAL? 2. W20 NOT AVBL BTN MMV VOR AND BODEL ALTN ROUTE: MMV VOR-TR319/139DEG- 53NM-TTP VOR-TR357/177 DEG- -81NM- BODEL ?BIDIRECTIONAL? 3. A465 NOT AVBL BTN MMV VOR AND DOKET ALTN ROUTE: MMV VOR-TR319/139DEG- 53NM- TTP VOR - DCT- POINT Z 142225N 0800303E - DCT-DOKET ?BIDIRECTIONAL? 4. N571 NOT AVBL BTN BIKEN AND DORAM ALTN RTE: BIKEN-DCT-GIRNA-P574-MMV VOR-DCT-DORAM?BIDRECTIONAL? 5.N877 NOTAVBL BTN LAGOG AND ORARA ALTN RTE: LAGOG-DCT-BASOP-DCT ORARA?BIDIRECTIONAL? 6.P628 NOT AVBL BTN IGREX AND PPB VOR ALTN RTE: L510-EMRAN-AGEGA-DCT PPB VOR-P628 7.ATS RTE L518 V003 V004 V009 AND V010 NOT AVBL. GND - UNL END PART 2 OF 2, 1600-2030, 01 JUL 16:00 2013 UNTIL 27 JUL 20:30 2013. CREATED: 26 JUN 07:49 2013

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30 минут.

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Пошла трансляция:
http://webcast.gov.in/live/

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Началась трансляция

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Трансляция также здесь (WMP):
http://www.isro.org/scripts/livewebcastc22.aspx

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5 минут.

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3 минуты

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1 минута

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Объявили 1 минуту.

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http://www.spaceflightnow.com/live/

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Пуск!

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Улетела!

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Полетела  .

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Отделение 3-й ступени. "Нормаль".

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Отделение 3 ступени!