НАСА предлагает награду за экологичное топливо для КА

[Salo]

Aerojet возится с парой закись азота/спирт.

[m-s Gelezniak]

Кислород+водород

Экологичнее некуда.

Гоните премию

А как это хранить на КА? Гоните премию назад.

В твёрдом состоянии.

А так вада. Разложение с этектролизом на борту. Или прямой перегрев от концентратора СИ. куча ньюансов, но все решаемы. При желании :wink: .

[Потусторонний]

А так вада. Разложение с этектролизом на борту.

вечеринка недавно была

[KBOB]

А так вада. Разложение с этектролизом на борту.

вечеринка недавно была

Интересно, какая тяга у такого мотора?

[Потусторонний]

Интересно, какая тяга у такого мотора?

Все вопросы к Бигелоу-он заказал его для надувнушек. Делал Тим Пикенс из Dynetics. Моделька уменьшенная демострационная. Но самое главное то, что у нее на входе - вода (wastewater) и электричество, а на выходе - тяга.
http://www.dynetics.com/services/space/bigelow-aerospace-sundancer-forward-propulsion-system

[goran d]

Интересно, какая тяга у такого мотора?

Все вопросы к Бигелоу-он заказал его для надувнушек. Делал Тим Пикенс из Dynetics. Моделька уменьшенная демострационная. Но самое главное то, что у нее на входе - вода (wastewater) и электричество, а на выходе - тяга.
http://www.dynetics.com/services/space/bigelow-aerospace-sundancer-forward-propulsion-system

Значит, рециклирование воды на Бигелоу не подразумеваетса? Или все таки ест? :shock:

[Salo]

http://www.ria.ru/science/20120816/724742771.html

Ball Aerospace выиграла грант НАСА на "озеленение" ракетного топлива[/size]

12:20 16/08/2012

РИА Новости, 16 августа. НАСА подвело итоги конкурса по разработке альтернативы высокотоксичному гидразину, который используется в ракетном топливе - грант в 45 миллионов долларов получила команда под руководством инженеров Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corporation, говорится в сообщении агентства.

Гидразин и его производные, например, несимметричный диметилгидразин, широко используются в качестве топлива для двигателей ракет-носителей и космических аппаратов. Такое топливо достаточно эффективно и может храниться в течение длительных периодов времени, но крайне токсично и агрессивно.

Конкурс был объявлен в феврале 2012 года. Специалисты Ball Aerospace совместно с Aerojet Corporation, несколькими исследовательскими лабораториями ВВС США и двумя космическими центрами НАСА за три года должны разработать высокоэффективное "зеленое" топливо и продемонстрировать функциональность двигателей на нем с помощью тестового полета.

НАСА предоставит победителям конкурса 45 миллионов долларов, участники группы также вложат часть своих средств в проект.

Как отметил директор программы космических технологий НАСА Майкл Газарик (Michael Gazarik), агентство рассчитывает, что "эффективное и экологичное топливо позволит сократить время и стоимость подготовки аппаратов к старту и самого запуска, будучи при этом более безопасным для окружающей среды".[/size]

[НИИзнайка]

Выиграли грант....   полагаю, заявка на гранта предусматривает хотя бы название компонентов или что из чего будут делать?
Есть ли где об этом?

[Salo]

http://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2012/aug/HQ_12-281_Green_Propellants.html

Aug. 15, 2012
 
RELEASE : 12-281
 
NASA Goes Green: NASA Selects Green Propellant Technology Demonstration Mission
 
WASHINGTON -- NASA has selected a team led by Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corporation of Boulder, Colo., for a technology demonstration of a high performance "green" propellant alternative to the highly toxic fuel hydrazine. With this award, NASA opens a new era of innovative and non-toxic green fuels that are less harmful to our environment, have fewer operational hazards, and decrease the complexity and cost of launch processing.

Today's use of hydrazine fuel for rockets, satellites and spacecraft is pervasive. Hydrazine is an efficient propellant and can be stored for long periods of time, but it also is highly corrosive and toxic. NASA is seeking new, non-toxic high performance green propellants that could be safely and widely used by rocketeers, ranging from government to industry and academia. Green propellants include liquid, solid, mono- propellant, which use one fuel source, or bi-propellants, which use two, and hybrids that offer safer handling conditions and lower environmental impact than current fuels.

"High performance green propellant has the potential to revolutionize how we travel to, from and in space," said Michael Gazarik, director of NASA's Space Technology Program at NASA Headquarters in Washington. "An effective green rocket fuel would dramatically reduce the cost and time for preparing and launching space missions while decreasing pollution and harm to our environment."

Following a solicitation and peer-review selection process, NASA chose the Green Propellant Infusion Mission proposal and a team lead by Ball and co-investigators from the Aerojet Corporation in Redmond, Washington, the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory at the Wright Patterson Air Force Base in Ohio, the U.S. Air Force Space and Missile Systems Center at the Kirkland Air Force Base in New Mexico, NASA's Glenn Research Center in Cleveland and NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida for the new mission.

NASA's Green Propellant Infusion Mission is expected to be developed and flown in approximately three years. The Space Technology Program will provide $45 million for the mission, with some additional cost-sharing by mission co-investigators.

This demonstration will bridge the gap between technology development and use of green propellant. The team will develop and fly a high performance green propellant, demonstrating and characterizing in space the functionality of the integrated propulsion system. Such a demonstration will provide the aerospace community with a new system-level capability for future missions.

Maturing a space technology, such as a revolutionary green propellant, to mission readiness through relevant environment testing and demonstration is a significant challenge from a cost, schedule and risk perspective. NASA's Technology Demonstration Missions Program performs this function, bridging the gap between laboratory confirmation of a technology and its inital use on an operational mission.

The Technology Demonstration Missions Program is part of the Space Technology Program, which is innovating, developing, testing and flying hardware for use in NASA's future science and exploration missions.

For more information about NASA's Space Technology Program and Technology Demonstration Missions, visit:

http://www.nasa.gov/oct [/size]

[Dmitri]

моча и какашки астронавтов с  натрием.

[Salo]

http://www.spacenews.com/article/launch-report/36220green-fuel-thruster-passes-key-preflight-test#.UeBGNqzzPTo

Green Fuel Thruster Passes Key Preflight Test

 By Irene Klotz | Jul. 11, 2013
 

Michael Gazarik, NASA associate administrator for space technology, holds up a model thruster at the GPIM press conference with an inset of the flight demonstration configuration. Credit: NASA photo by Carla Cioffi (main) and Aerojet Rocketdyne image (inset).
 
 A NASA-backed project to demonstrate a safer and more efficient propellant for in-space propulsion is on track for launch in 2015 following a key ground test proving a small rocket thruster could burn the green fuel for about as long as what would be needed for an operational mission.
"We got the data we needed. We're continuing to do a little more testing now, but we're ready for our flight design," said Roger Myers, executive director for advanced propulsion at Aerojet Rocketdyne, which is developing the technology for Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp., NASA's prime contractor for the Green Propellant Infusion Mission (GPIM).
GPIM is intended to demonstrate an alternative to highly toxic hydrazine that is safer to handle, less expensive and more efficient for use on satellites. Green propellants like AF-M315E have been around for decades but their higher operating temperatures complicate engine operations.
About two years ago, Aerojet developed a new catalyst that resolved the problem, leading NASA to commit about $42 million for the GPIM flight demonstration.
"Up until that time we were talking about 10 seconds of firing timing before the engine would decay," GPIM lead scientist Christopher McLean, with Ball Aerospace, told reporters July 9.
The team recently completed a thruster pulsing test culminating in 11 hours of continuous firing, paving the way for a critical design review before the end of the year.
The flight demonstration will showcase two thrusters — a 1 Newton and a 22 Newton type — that have the largest share of the market. They will be integrated into a Ball Aerospace satellite and launched as a secondary payload aboard a Space Exploration Technologies' Falcon Heavy rocket flying the U.S. Air Force's Space Test Program-2 mission. The Air Force Space and Missile Systems Center's Space Development and Test Directorate told SpaceNews in June that the launch is scheduled for September 2015.
During GPIM's planned 81-day flight, the thrusters will be fired to simulate a spacecraft's typical modes of operation in orbit and during re-entry into the atmosphere.
While NASA and the Air Force are interested in the green fuel technology for their own missions, the real target for GPIM is the commercial market.
"In today's world you can not — and do not — want to load a spacecraft with hydrazine and ship it. The dangers are just too great. You can do that now with this propellant. That really changes the game of how we do spacecraft processing and get it to the launch site," said Michael Gazarik, NASA's associate administrator for space technology.
"If you get this stuff on your hands, you wash it off. It's not going to kill you," McLean added. "I wouldn't want to drink it, however, the lethal dose on this is pretty good especially compared to the fuels we've been using."
Tests show the green fuel AF-M315E boost performance by 50 percent over hydrazine and is less expensive, though much of the cost savings would stem from simpler ground processing, storage and handling.
AF-M315E was developed by the Air Force Research Laboratory, which is a partner in the project.

[SFN]

The propellant for this mission is a Hydroxyl Ammonium Nitrate (HAN) fuel/oxidizer blend, or AF-M315E.

[SFN]

HAN/HN-Based Monopropellant Thrusters
http://www.ihi.co.jp/var/ezwebin_site/storage/original/application/2827924773183efab0a3c981ed4c45a2.pdf

[Искандер]

NASA's Quest for Green Rocket Fuel Passes Big Test
http://www.space.com/21941-nasa-green-rocket-fuel-test.html


The GPIM initiative aims to demonstrate that a green fuel with nearly 50 percent better performance than hydrazine (!!!) could power Earth-circling satellites and eventually deep space missions.

[Salo]

http://www.aviationweek.com/Article.aspx?id=/article-xml/asd_07_12_2013_p01-02-596382.xml&p=1

Ball, Aerojet Rocketdyne Ground-Test Green Thrusters
By Frank Morring, Jr.
Source: Aerospace Daily & Defense Report

July 12, 2013

Another non-toxic replacement for hydrazine monopropellant has passed ground testing, paving the way for a satellite flight test as early as 2015.

Ball Aerospace and Aerospace Rocketdyne say their system, which uses a hydroxyl ammonium nitrate (HAN) mixture designated AF-M315E, with a special catalyst, has greater density than hydrazine for better storage efficiency, and produces better performance.

"When we look at this compared to a hydrazine monopropellant type of system, where we have a single fluid driving the system on the spacecraft, we have a 50% increase in performance over the standard hydrazine," says Christopher McLean, principal investigator on NASA's upcoming Green Propellant Infusion Mission (GPIM).

GPIM is scheduled to fly as a secondary payload on a SpaceX Falcon 9 Heavy, using a Ball Configurable Platform (BCP) 100 spacecraft bus and an Aerojet Rocketdyne thruster system that combines a 22N (5-lb.-thrust) thruster with four 1N units, all burning the "green" fuel to put the satellite testbed through the maneuvers an operational small satellite would see.

"These were selected because they have the largest market share, [so] we are developing the technologies that really meet the needs of the marketplace for this type of attitude control on a spacecraft," McLean says.

Ecological Advanced Propulsion Systems (Ecaps), a unit of the Swedish Space Corporation, has tested a different green propellant — based on ammonium dinitramide — in space. The fuel was used in tandem with a hydrazine system on the Prisma mission's Mango satellite to maneuver in formation with a smaller spacecraft.

Despite the completion of space qualification, sales of the Ecaps system have been slow to take off. Roger Myers of Aerojet Rocketdyne's Redmond, Wash., facility said the performance of the U.S. system in the ground test is better than the Swedish approach, and suggested there may be safety issues with the by-products of its evaporation.

Ultimately Aerojet Rocketdyne hopes to "infuse" its new green technology into applications other than small satellites, including tactical missiles and large geostationary satellites, Myers said. The advantages of green propulsion over hydrazine, which requires special handling and equipment, should make it attractive wherever the toxic fuel is used.

"We can move, we think, to a shirtsleeve environment with this new fuel," says Michael Gazarik, associate administrator for NASA's Space Technology Mission Directorate, which is funding the GPIM mission. "That means less ground-processing time [and] less ground-processing cost in order to load the spacecraft with the fuel."

[ааа]

Коньячный спирт.

[mihalchuk]

А ацетам им впарить не пробовали?

[SFN]

mihalchuk пишет:
А ацетам им впарить не пробовали?

1.Монопропель нужен.
2.Аммиак - экологичен и нетоксичен?
Вывод - денег не дадут :oops:

[Mark]

mihalchuk пишет:
AF-M315E

Топливо AF-M315E, на много  лучьше от Ацетама, будет только использование в маленьких коррекционных двигателях. Тоже интересно:

В прошлом году запущен был первый беспилотный истребитель с водорослей топлива в баке.

Исследователи калифорнийской компании Flometrics и военно-воздушных сил США, показали, что ракеты также с дизельного топлива из рапса и сои могут летать. Така био ракета ускорился на почти до sonic скорости.

Как я уже писал, ТТУ очень не екологичныэ, выделают соляной кислоты в больших количествах и не толко. Инженеры в университете Purdue в Индиана разработали зеленые Солид топливо. Очень тонкий алюминиевый порошок разбивает это замороженные воды на водород и кислород, получившаяся смесь сгорает оксида алюминия и воды. Первые испытания были успешно. Толко, производство алюминия является очень энергоемким.

Источник: P.M. Magazin, Май 2013
 

[Salo]

http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/tdm/green/green-propellant-infusion-mission-passes-spacecraft-integration-milestone-on-track-for-2016.html

Oct. 5, 2015
Green Propellant Infusion Mission Passes Spacecraft Integration Milestone, On Track for 2016 Launch
 

A Ball Aerospace engineer adjusts the thermal insulation on NASA's Green Propellant Infusion Mission spacecraft bus following integration of the propulsion system.
Credits: Ball Aerospace
 
The propulsion subsystem for NASA's Green Propellant Infusion Mission has been integrated onto the spacecraft, moving the mission another major step toward scheduled launch in 2016.
GPIM prime contractor Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. in Boulder, Colorado, was able to integrate the green propellant propulsion subsystem in less than two weeks after receiving it from Aerojet Rocketdyne in Redmond, Washington. The propulsion subsystem will be the primary payload on the mission's spacecraft -- a Ball Configurable Platform 100 small satellite. System performance and environmental testing has already begun.
The mission will demonstrate the practical capabilities of a hydroxyl ammonium nitrate based fuel/oxidizer propellant blend, known as AF-M315E, developed by the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory at Edwards Air Force Base in California. It offers higher performance but is safer to handle and easier on the environment or "greener" than traditional chemical fuels such as hydrazine currently used in spacecraft thrusters. It also requires fewer handling restrictions and has potentially shorter launch processing times, resulting in lowered costs.
Because the new propellant provides improved performance and volumetric efficiency compared to hydrazine, more of it can be stored in propellant tanks of the same volume, resulting in a 50-percent increase in spacecraft maneuvering capability for a given volume. It also has a lower freezing point than hydrazine, requiring less spacecraft power to maintain the propellant temperature. These characteristics make it ideal for a wide range of emerging small, deep space satellite missions.
"NASA is always looking for new technologies that also allow us an opportunity to improve safety and cost efficiency," said Trudy Kortes, program executive for NASA's Technology Demonstration Missions. "GPIM additionally affords us an opportunity to test an environmentally-friendly fuel in space for the first time and there's nothing more rewarding than a trailblazing mission."
The GPIM propulsion subsystem on the satellite will be loaded with the low-toxicity AF-M315E propellant before launch. During the 13-month mission, researchers will conduct orbital maneuvers to demonstrate the performance of the propellant during attitude control shifts, changes in orbital inclination and orbit lowering.
"GPIM is the key mission to demonstrate a green monopropellant alternative to hydrazine," said Jim Oschmann, vice president and general manager of Civil Space and Technology at Ball Aerospace. "Everyone in the industry, from NASA to our industry partners to green propellant suppliers, is eager to see 10 years of American-led research and development realized with this spaceflight mission."
Three Department of Defense experimental payloads will also fly aboard the Green Propellant Infusion Mission spacecraft, which is scheduled for a launch to low-Earth orbit in 2016 in partnership with the Army Space and Missile Defense Command. Additional team members include the Air Force Space and Missile Systems Center at Kirtland Air Force Base, New Mexico, and NASA's Glenn Research Center in Cleveland, Goddard Space Flight Center in Maryland and Kennedy Space Center in Florida.
The mission is part of a portfolio of technology demonstration flight and ground projects led by NASA teams and industry partners across the country, managed by the Technology Demonstration Missions program office at NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama.
Technology demonstration missions are sponsored by NASA's Space Technology Mission Directorate in Washington, which is innovating, developing, testing and flying hardware for use in future missions. NASA's technology investments provide cutting-edge solutions for our nation's future. For more information about the directorate, visit:
 

http://www.nasa.gov/spacetech

For more information about the NASA's Green Propellant Infusion Mission, visit:
 

http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/tdm/green/overview.html

For more information about NASA's Technology Demonstration Missions, visit:
 

http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/tdm/main/

Kim Newton
 Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Alabama
 256-544-0371
kimberly.d.newton@nasa.gov
 
Last Updated: Oct. 5, 2015
Editor: Lee Mohon