CZ-9 - SLS по-китайски

[Salo]

И.Чёрный "Самый великий поход" , НК  №10 2011:

[Salo]

http://www.globalsecurity.org/space/world/china/cz-x.htm

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Китай планирует повторно использовать ракеты

Член НПКСК, секретарь партийного комитета Научно-исследовательского института ракетной техники Китайской аэрокосмической научно-технической корпорации Лян Сяохун на днях осведомил, что в настоящее время идет обсуждение и планирование повторного использования ракет, «предполагается, что в ближайшее время будет предложен соответствующий проект».

Сейчас в Китае используются «одноразовые» ракеты, которые выполняют одну задачу и завершают свою работу. А космические шатлы США могут использоваться повторно. Лян Сяохун отметил, что в настоящее время идет обсуждение и планирование повторного использования ракет. «Сначала будет осуществлено повторное применение ракетных ускорителей, после будут повторно использоваться и сами ракеты, которые смогут обратно возвращаться на Землю, однако они будут отличаться от космических шатлов».

Ранее научно-технический консультант Китайской аэрокосмической научно-технической корпорации, главный конструктор программы создания космических кораблей серии «Шэньчжоу» академик Ци Фажэнь отмечал, что космические шатлы довольно передовые, но сложные, вместе с тем, несопоставимы затраты с эффективностью оборудования. «Изначально планировалось отправить в космос пилотируемый шатл и спутник, но не удалось, предполагалось повторное использование, но сейчас понятно, что можно повторно применить только часть оборудования, после возвращения на Землю устройства необходимо заново приводить в порядок, что дороже, чем создание новой ракеты-носителя».

Кроме того, быстрый запуск – это практическая необходимость ракеты.

В настоящее время ракеты нового поколения «Чанчжэн-5» производятся в Тяньцзине. Лян Сяохун отметил, что по сравнению с ракетой-носителем, которая выведет корабль «Шэньчжоу-9» на нужную орбиту, с взлетной тягой в 600 тонн, показатель «Чанчжэна» больше, составляет 1000 тонн. Кроме того, в ракетах серии «Чанчжэн» впервые применено атоксичное чистое топливо.

Лян Сяохун также осведомил, что обсуждения, связанные с ракетами тяжелого типа (взлетная тяга – более 3000 тонн), уже завершились в прошлом году, в настоящее время идет проверка соответствующими ведомствами. Он отметил, что и США, и Россия обладают ракетами тяжелого типа, кроме того, готовятся к организации новых проектов. Тяжелые ракеты «могут со 100-тонным грузом на борту вывести корабль на околоземную орбиту, не только доставить пилотируемый аппарат на Луну, но и удовлетворить потребности Китая в ведении космических проектов в последующие несколько десятилетий».

http://russian1.peopledaily.com.cn/31517/7759526.html

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http://forum.nasaspaceflight.com/index.php?topic=8447.msg922190#msg922190

Long March 9 and Long March 11?

Source: http://www.sasac.gov.cn/2011qyzr/2011htkj.pdf (Page 24)

Скольки тонник справа?

[Дмитрий В.]

http://forum.nasaspaceflight.com/index.php?topic=8447.msg922190#msg922190

Long March 9 and Long March 11?

Source: http://www.sasac.gov.cn/2011qyzr/2011htkj.pdf (Page 24)

Скольки тонник справа?

130-тонник примерно.
А вот интересно, что такое CZ-8 и CZ-10? :roll:

[SpaceR]

А есть ли они?
У меня почему-то предподозрение, что эта CZ-9 получила своё имя неофициально - из-за 9-метрового диаметра.

[G.K.]

А что такое CZ-11?  Что то она больно мелкая, если в масштабе.

[Дмитрий В.]

А есть ли они?
У меня почему-то предподозрение, что эта CZ-9 получила своё имя неофициально - из-за 9-метрового диаметра.

А CZ-11 - из-за 11-метрового? :lol:

Все же, если серьезно, думаю, обозначения (нумерация) "Великих Походов" больше связана с порядковым номером. :roll:

[SpaceR]

А есть ли они?
У меня почему-то предподозрение, что эта CZ-9 получила своё имя неофициально - из-за 9-метрового диаметра.

А CZ-11 - из-за 11-метрового? :lol:

Все же, если серьезно, думаю, обозначения (нумерация) "Великих Походов" больше связана с порядковым номером. :roll:

Это само собой. Но упоминания о 9-метровом диаметре начали мелькать уже давненько, так что могло получиться и так, что сработала ассоциация. А в случае с маленькой (видимо, твердотопливной?) ракетой - может просто начат новый десяток из-за её конверсионного происхождения?
Но это только версия, само собой. Она исходит из предположения, что эти названия, возможно, ещё не являются официально назначенными CALT.

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First Look: China's Big New Rockets

Images illustrate the diversity of activity under China's heavy lift rocket program.Top graphic depicts a Long March 5 mission with liquid booster and satellite separation. Chart highlights Long March 5 and Long March 9 vehicles, while a Long March 5 propellant tank is at right. Image Credit: CALT

Images from China's new heavy rocket development program show spotless production facilities with advanced tooling to build China's new Long March 5/CZ-5 heavy rocket, along with even more advanced launchers to come.

In addition to CZ-5 hardware development,  China is completing design studies on two 11 million lb. thrust Long March 9 maximum heavy lift rocket configurations. If approved for final development, one of  the designs would emerge for flight in 2020-2025 with the capability to launch Chinese astronauts to the surface of the Moon.

The concepts mean that China is designing "a Super Saturn V rocket," says Charles P. Vick, a highly experienced analyst with GlobalSecurity.Org.



The two options for China's "Super Saturn V" rocket are the favored "Option A" oxygen/kerosene version at left and less favored oxygen/hydrogen "Option B" with solid rocket boosters on the right. Image Credit: CALT

The Long March 5 and other future planned vehicles are shown here in context with each other for the first time in a major news article.

Images of the construction underway at China's new Wenchang Satellite Launch Center on Hainan island are also shown as the site is readied to fire Long March 5's  into space by 2014.

Currently, six Long March 5 vehicle configurations are planned for different missions, with a maximum payload capacity of 55,000 lbs. to LEO and nearly 31,000 lbs. to geostationary transfer orbits. This makes it more powerful than a Delta IV Heavy, depending upon the mission configuration.



Long March 5 stage is welded in modern assembly rig. Photo Credit: CALT

Details emerging from largely secret Chinese rocket projects point up the importance of the Long March 5 to future far more powerful Chinese rockets.

Whether the timing of China's Long March 9 development is a deliberate challenge to the U. S. is unknown. But while neither China nor the U. S. professes to be in a new space race, they may well already be in one.

The most powerful version of the new U. S. Space Launch System (SLS) rocket currently under development is scheduled to be ready for flight at the same time as the CZ-9 to carry NASA astronauts beyond Earth orbit to the Moon, Lagrangian points, asteroids and eventually Mars.



Modern jig for Long March 5 welding and assembly is comparable with western manufacturing hardware. Photo Credit: CALT

The new Long March 9 details were revealed by Liang Xiaohong, the Communist Party Chief at the China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology (CALT),  China's largest rocket  contractor. Vick at Global Security did an extensive review of Liang's revelations.

Liang outlined several new Long March versions, virtually all of them testing elements that would eventually find their way into the Long March 9 that has 4 million lb. more of liftoff thrust than the 7.5 million lb. thrust NASA Saturn V.  Forty-three years ago this week a Saturn V propelled the Apollo 11 astronauts to the first manned landing on the Moon on July 20, 1969.

The Long March 5 appears positioned in the development flow to function like the U. S. Saturn 1B rockets did in relation to the Saturn V in Apollo. That role was to use a powerful, but smaller launch vehicle to launch key elements of the program like the Apollo Command/Service modules and Lunar Modules for test in Earth orbit.

There is one major difference with the Long March 5 however. It is powerful enough to launch a Shenzhou manned  spacecraft on a lunar orbit flight, a mission the Saturn 1Bs could not duplicate.



Larger view of new Long March fleet chart shows medium class Long March 7 at center with smaller but upgraded vehicles to the left and a whole new range of Chinese heavy lift options to the right. The Long March 5 alone has 6 configurations. Image Credit: CALT

For the  massive Long March 9, the Chinese have both an "Option A" oxygen/kerosene powered launcher and an "Option B oxygen/hydrogen rocket. The detailed specifications for both rocket concepts are at the bottom of this article.

Option A appears to be the preferred of the two options because its first stage uses liquid propellant strap on boosters, compared with "Option B" that combines an oxygen/hydrogen core with solid rocket boosters, an area where China lacks experience.

The Option A concept would stand 321 ft. tall and have a design payload to low Earth orbit of  130 metric tons (286,601 lb.)  exactly the same as the largest of two SLS versions.



Hainan Island launch pad for Long March 5 is well under way toward being ready for its first launch in 2014. Photo Credit: CALT

As part of an oxygen/kerosene Long March 9 project, China has already started development of a large new oxygen/kerosene rocket engine called the YF-650 that stems directly from the Long March 5 in advanced production.

"The YF-100, oxygen/kerosene engine with 120 metric tons of thrust for the new Long March-5 debuting in 2014 forms the technical basis for 330 metric tons thrust YF-330 single thrust chamber engine," said Vick.

"It in turn is being combined with a second identical thrust chamber engine to create the YF-650 engine with 650 metric tons thrust," he said.



Rocket engine test stand fire Long March 5 engine. Photo Credit: CALT

This is similar to the Russian Energomash RD-180 design used on the Russian Zenit.  The same engine was essentially cut in half to power the Atlas V.

"The Chinese will combine several of them to achieve 5,200 metric tons of liftoff thrust.  That equates to an 11.46 million lb. thrust 'Super Saturn V' class rocket," said Vick.

Data on the Option A and Option B Chinese "Super Saturn Vs" compiled by Vick from Chinese sources is presented in chart form below.

CZ-9/Long March-9 Lunar, Planetary Heavy Lift Booster
Configurations Studies    Concept-A*    Concept-B
Original Launch Thrust metric tons thrust force 2009    3,000    3,000
New 2012 launch thrust metric ton's    5,200    5,000
Payload capacity- metric tons mass    130    133
Maximum overall booster diameter meters    15.70    15.70
Maximum design height for study meters    98    101-108
Launch mass metric tons    4,100    4,150
Strap-on boosters    4 – liquid Kerosene, Lox boosters    4 five segment solid propellant motors
Strap-on boosters diameter meters    3.35    3.35
Strap-on booster thrust metric tons    1 x 650 x 4 = 2,600, engine YF-650    1 x 1,000, x 4 = 4,000 Solid Motor
Strap-on propellant mass metric tons    1 x 320 x 4= 1,280    1 x 575 4 =2,300
Core Stages diameter meters    8-9    8-9
Core first stage metric tons thrust, propellants and engines    4 x 650 = 2,600, YF-650 engines, Kerosene, Lox propellants**    5 x 200 = 1,000 YF-220 engines, Lox, Hydrogen propellants
Core first stage propellant mass metric tons    1,756    1,000
Core second stage maximum diameters meters    8-9    8-9
Core second stage thrust metric tons and propellants    2 x 200 = 400, Lox, Hydrogen propellants    1 x 200 = 200, YF-220 engine, Lox, Hydrogen
Core second stage propellant mass metric tons    500

This is similar to the Russian Energomash RD-180 design used on the Russian Zenit.  The same engine was essentially cut in half to power the Atlas V.

"The Chinese will combine several of them to achieve 5,200 metric tons of liftoff thrust.  That equates to an 11.46 million lb. thrust 'Super Saturn V' class rocket," said Vick.

Data on the Option A and Option B Chinese "Super Saturn Vs" compiled by Vick from Chinese sources is presented in chart form below.

CZ-9/Long March-9 Lunar, Planetary Heavy Lift Booster
Configurations Studies    Concept-A*    Concept-B
Original Launch Thrust metric tons thrust force 2009    3,000    3,000
New 2012 launch thrust metric ton's    5,200    5,000
Payload capacity- metric tons mass    130    133
Maximum overall booster diameter meters    15.70    15.70
Maximum design height for study meters    98    101-108
Launch mass metric tons    4,100    4,150
Strap-on boosters    4 – liquid Kerosene, Lox boosters    4 five segment solid propellant motors
Strap-on boosters diameter meters    3.35    3.35
Strap-on booster thrust metric tons    1 x 650 x 4 = 2,600, engine YF-650    1 x 1,000, x 4 = 4,000 Solid Motor
Strap-on propellant mass metric tons    1 x 320 x 4= 1,280    1 x 575 4 =2,300
Core Stages diameter meters    8-9    8-9
Core first stage metric tons thrust, propellants and engines    4 x 650 = 2,600, YF-650 engines, Kerosene, Lox propellants**    5 x 200 = 1,000 YF-220 engines, Lox, Hydrogen propellants
Core first stage propellant mass metric tons    1,756    1,000
Core second stage maximum diameters meters    8-9    8-9
Core second stage thrust metric tons and propellants    2 x 200 = 400, Lox, Hydrogen propellants    1 x 200 = 200, YF-220 engine, Lox, Hydrogen
Core second stage propellant mass metric tons    500



Hainan Island launch pads for the Long March 5 and smaller Long March 7 rockets are visible in this overhead shot. There are separate Vehicle Assembly Buildings for each launch pad. Photo Credit: China Space Blog / Bing

http://www.americaspace.org/?p=22881

[ronatu]

BEIJING/XI'AN, July 29 (Xinhua) -- China on Sunday successfully conducted tests on its new 120-tonne-thrust liquid oxygen (LOX) and kerosene engine for its new generation carrier rocket, the Long March-5, according to the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (CASC).

The test was conducted in Xi'an, capital city of northwest China's Shaanxi province, according to the CASC's sixth research institute.

The LOX/kerosene engine underwent a test of a high rotational speed of nearly 20,000 revolutions per minute and a high temperature test of 3,000 degrees Celsius that lasted for 200 seconds, the China Central Television reported.

The high-performance engine, which is the first kind of high-pressure staged combustion cycle engine for which China has proprietary intellectual property rights, is non-toxic, pollution-free and highly reliable, according to the report.

It also makes China the second country in the world, after Russia, to grasp the core technologies for an LOX/kerosene high-pressure staged combustion cycle rocket engine.

The large-thrust carrier rocket under development, the Long March-5, is hoped to make its maiden voyage in 2014. Ahead of that, several limit-determining tests will be conducted to ensure the engine's stability and reliability, according to the statement.

[Димитър]

Китайцы молодцы!

Пора переименовать тему на CZ-9

[Salo]

http://www.aviationweek.com/Article.aspx?id=/article-xml/asd_03_05_2013_p03-01-555346.xml&p=1\

Long March 5 Rocket Delayed To 2015
By Bradley Perrett
Source: Aerospace Daily & Defense Report
....
The state space industry intends during the current five-year planning period, 2011-2015, to ask the government for approval for development of a launcher for manned Moon missions, the China Daily says in the same report.

Since that planning period is already well under way, the industry must hope to launch full-scale development no earlier than 2016. The Moon rocket, with a diameter of at least 8 meters, would loft 100 tons to low Earth orbit, making it smaller than the U.S. Saturn V used in the 1960s and 1970s. The Tianjin space manufacturing base has been sized for up to 10-meter dia.

[Salo]

http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/cndy/2013-03/04/content_16271700.htm

Jumbo rocket design poses challenges
Updated: 2013-03-04 07:48
By Xin Dingding ( China Daily)
...
But to meet long-term space goals, China will need to develop a rocket with a takeoff thrust of 3,000 tons, three times that of Long March-5, which will be able to send men to the moon.

Research on a heavy-thrust launch vehicle has been carried out in the past years. Scientists visualize a rocket with a diameter of at least 8 meters, able to send a 100-ton payload into low earth orbit.

The academy aims to have the heavy-thrust rocket project approved by the government under the 12th Five-Year Plan period (2011-15), Liang said.

"If approved, China will stand in the same line as space powers such as the United States and Russia regarding launch vehicles, which is the precondition for all space activities," he said.

[Salo]

http://www.militaryparitet.com/perevodnie/data/ic_perevodnie/4371/

Китай способен создать ракету-носитель с диаметром корпуса 10 м

4 апреля 2013 г.

Китайская аэрокосмическая промышленность работает над выполнением плана (принят на 2011-2015 годы) по реализации лунной программы. В настоящее время Китай на заводе космической техники в Тянцзине потенциально способен создавать РН с диаметром корпуса до 10 м (диаметр самой тяжелой американской РН Saturn-5 – носителя лунного космического корабля Apollo -  составлял 8 м) для вывода в космос полезных нагрузок массой более 100 т. Прорабатывается программа пилотируемого полета на Луну.  

http://mil.huanqiu.com/observation/2013-04/3785729.html

[Liss]

В подписи к этому снимку, опубликованному 27.12.2012 ( http://www.chinanews.com/mil/hd2011/2012/12-27/160340.shtml ),



фигурирует двигатель YF-660 для ракеты CZ-9.

这两张图直观反映了我国长征九型运载火箭配套的YF660发动机的结构，该发动机采用单涡轮泵结构，同轴布置，涡轮泵位于两喷管中央位置。推力室上方应该是最重要的泵后摇摆软管。

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Salo пишет:
 http://www.militaryparitet.com/perevodnie/data/ic_perevodnie/4371/

Китай способен создать ракету-носитель с диаметром корпуса 10 м
 
4 апреля 2013 г.

Китайская аэрокосмическая промышленность работает над выполнением плана (принят на 2011-2015 годы) по реализации лунной программы. В настоящее время Китай на заводе космической техники в Тянцзине потенциально способен создавать РН с диаметром корпуса до 10 м (диаметр самой тяжелой американской РН Saturn-5 – носителя лунного космического корабля Apollo - составлял 8 м) для вывода в космос полезных нагрузок массой более 100 т. Прорабатывается программа пилотируемого полета на Луну.

 http://mil.huanqiu.com/observation/2013-04/3785729.html

Китайцы молодцы, только диаметр первой ступени РН Сатурн-5 10 метров.  

[SFN]

STS, SaturnV - какая разница, если с китайского переводить    
кусок превью августовского космоснимка

[Salo]

http://www.aviationweek.com/Article.aspx?id=/article-xml/AW_09_30_2013_p22-620995.xml

Chinese Super-Heavy Launcher Designs Exceed Saturn V

By Bradley Perrett
Source: Aviation Week & Space Technology


September 30, 2013
Credit: Beijing Aerospace Propulsion Institute

Chinese engineers are proposing a Moon rocket more powerful than the Saturn V of the Apollo missions and matching the payload of NASA's planned Space Launch System (SLS) Block 2, the unfunded launcher that would put the U.S. back into super-heavy space lift.

Drawing up preliminary designs for the giant Long March 9 launcher, Chinese launch vehicle builder CALT has studied configurations remarkably similar to those that NASA considered in looking for the same capability: to lift 130 metric tons (287,000 lb.) to low Earth orbit (LEO). One of the two preferred Chinese proposals has a similar configuration to the design finally adopted for SLS Block 2, though the takeoff mass for both CALT concepts, 4,100-4,150 tons, is greater. On that measure, at least, China wants to build the largest space launcher in history.

Preliminary work is underway for the intended engines. At the Xian Space Propulsion Institute, engineers are certainly planning and probably doing risk-reduction work for a kerosene-fueled engine, apparently called YF-660, that would be comparable to the 690 tons thrust of the Saturn V's F-1. The Beijing Aerospace Propulsion Institute, meanwhile, is working on critical technologies for a 200-ton-thrust liquid-hydrogen engine that would be used for the first stage of one launcher design and for the second stage of both. That engine is apparently called the YF-220.

Comparison with current launchers and engines highlights the scale of China's ambitions: Whereas U.S. SLS engineers are aiming at a 10% increase on the throw weight of the Saturn V and would use mainly familiar propulsion technology, CALT's super-heavy launcher would have 10 times the throw weight of anything that China now has in service, and would be four times bigger than even the largest rocket it is developing—the Long March 5. The YF-660 engine would be five times as powerful as the biggest engine China has so far built, one that has not yet flown.

The Chinese industry is seeking permission to begin developing a Moon rocket. Studies encompass payloads as low as 70 tons to LEO, says an industry official, suggesting that China may follow the SLS concept by first building a smaller launcher adaptable to enlargement.

Possible Long March 9 configurations were shown two years ago. At the International Astronautical Congress held here Sept. 23-27, CALT published main specifications (see table). One of the two concepts, Scheme A, would have four YF-660s mounted in the core first stage and one in each of four side-mounted boosters. In Scheme B, most of the takeoff thrust would come fr om four solid-propellant boosters, each generating 1,000 tons of thrust, while four YF-220s would be mounted in the first stage. That adds up to 4,800 tons, but the specified total is 5,000 tons, suggesting that the solid-propellant booster engine, the YF-220 or both will generate a little more than the thrust attributed to each individually. The designation of the YF-220 may hint at its real thrust target.

"I don't find much to criticize in their approach, and a lot to like," says an experienced U.S. space engineer.

The YF-220 exists as a concept or preliminary design, says Zhang Nan, president of the Beijing Aerospace Propulsion Institute, without using the name of the engine. His institute is channeling its experience in developing the YF-77 for the Long March 5 as it works on the new engine. So far, developers are tackling critical technologies and have not built parts for a flyable engine. A technology they will not attempt is staged combustion, a means of driving the pumps that, while maximizing engine efficiency, is hard to develop, especially for engines running on liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen. In fact, it is too hard, says Zhang. The corresponding engine of the SLS, the Rocketdyne RS-25 from the Space Shuttle, does combine staged combustion with hydrogen fuel. The future Chinese engine's specific impulse (ISP)—thrust divided by fuel flow—may be as high as 430 sec., compared with 428 sec. for the YF-77, notes Zhang.
China's biggest kerosene-fuel engine, the YF-100, uses staged combustion, but applying the technology will be one of the many challenges that engineers will face in building bigger powerplants. Project managers at Xian appear to have minimized problems by adopting a plan they set out in 2011 and 2012 to first build an engine of more moderate size—300-400 tons thrust, presumably—and then doubling it for Long March 9 by feeding two of its combustion chambers with a single, more powerful propellant pump. A drawing of Long March 9 Scheme A has subtly changed since 2012 to show the extra nozzles of two-chamber engines.
Given the stated fuel loads and likely characteristics of the engines, the boosters of Scheme A are likely to burn for 160 sec. and the core for 220 sec., calculates a foreign rocket engineer. The second stage would run for 500 sec., presumably in several burns. If the Xian Institute can reproduce the efficiency of the YF-100 in the YF-660, then ISP at takeoff will be 305 sec. For Scheme B, the solid-propellant boosters may run for about 120 sec., the core first stage for 500 sec. and the second stage for 400 sec.
At 3.2%, the payload fractions of Schemes A and B are much lower than those of the Saturn V (3.9%) and SLS Block 2 (4.4%). This does not necessarily mean the Chinese design is inefficient, say engineers experienced in comparing launcher configurations; it may just reflect design choices that drive up takeoff weight but are nonetheless cost-effective. Solid-propellant boosters and their mounting structure probably account for much of Scheme B's excess of weight over Scheme A's.
The payload to LEO of the two designs suggests industry leaders here are eyeing lunar expeditions perhaps not much more ambitious than Apollo, although the mass they can deliver to the Moon's surface will also depend on how the mission is executed. Sending a crew aloft on a separate launch to join the rest of their spacecraft, carried by a Long March 9, could greatly expand the mission. The Saturn V, which lofted all Apollo modules in a single shot, had a payload to LEO of 118 tons.
At the International Astronautics Congress, the Chinese industry showed a concept for sending people to the Moon with three launches via smaller rockets. A cargo launcher, perhaps a little sibling of Long March 9, would fire a lunar-landing craft into orbit around the Moon. Then a crewed capsule would follow on an even smaller launcher, presumably a Long March 2F or Long March 7, China's current and future human-rated rockets, respectively. A propulsion unit sent on a second cargo launcher would join the capsule and propel it to lunar orbit, wh ere it would meet the lander.
Smaller launchers are cheaper to develop, but bigger ones offer lower operating costs for their payload sizes. The economics of China's choice, then, must depend on whether it wants to sponsor heavy space missions for the long run, sending a super-heavy launcher up perhaps once a year, and not only to the Moon. If the aim is to perform a few manned lunar missions and then stop, it would surely be cheaper to execute each with multiple launches of moderately sized rockets. If more heavy-load tasks beckon, then a huge rocket is the answer, say Western engineers.
The Chinese space managers are on that wavelength. In the paper presented to the congress that detailed the Long March 9, CALT authors mentioned Moon shots, with a trans-lunar injection load of 50 tons, as only one purpose of the proposed launcher. Deep-space exploration (20 tons escaping Earth gravity), large-scale Earth-orbit missions (50 tons to geostationary transfer orbit) and new concept missions (50 tons escaping Earth gravity) were also touched upon, although the latter would require another rocket design.

Long March 9 Design Alternatives

	Scheme A	Scheme B
Boosters
Engines	4 x YF-660	4 x unknown name
Thrust	4 x 650 metric tons	4 x 1,000 metric tons
Propellant	Liquid oxygen, kerosene	Solid
Tankage	4 x 320 metric tons	4 x 575 metric tons
Core Stage One
Engines	4 x YF-660	4 x YF-220
Thrust	4 x 650 metric tons	4 x 200 metric tons
Propellant	Liquid oxygen, kerosene	Liquid oxygen, liquid hydrogen
Tankage	1,756 metric tons	1,000 metric tons
Core Stage Two
Engines	2 x YF-220	1 x YF-220
Thrust	2 x 200 metric tons	1 x 200 metric tons
Propellant	Liquid oxygen, liquid hydrogen	Liquid oxygen, liquid hydrogen
Tankage	500 metric tons	200 metric tons
Takeoff thrust	5,200 metric tons	5,000 metric tons
Takeoff weight	4,100 metric tons	4,150 metric tons
Dry weight*	434 metric tons	517 metric tons
	10.6% of takeoff weight	12.5% of takeoff weight
Total propellant*	3,666 metric tons	3,633 metric tons
	86.2% of takeoff weight	84.3% of takeoff weight
Payload, LEO	130 metric tons	133 metric tons
	3.2% of takeoff weight	3.2% of takeoff weight
Payload, LTO	50 metric tons	50 metric tons
Length	98 meters (322 ft.)	101 meters (331 ft.)

Source: CALT, except *Aviation Week calculations.

[Shestoper]

Есть возможность увеличить грузоподъемность, если ко второй и третьей ступени от варианта А прикрутить ТТУ от варианта В.  
Если серьёзно - показательно, что планируя варианты как с ТТУ, так и с мощными керосиновыми ЖРД, китайцы ни в одном варианте от водорода не отказались и делать чисто керосиновый носитель не планируют.
Наверняка стоимость ракеты просчитывали квалифицированные люди, значит в китайских условиях водород экономически выгоден.  :!: