Prometheus program

Автор Salo, 01.06.2016 21:14:57

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Apollo13

Цитировать
Due to new players coming into the market, such as Blue Origin, development cycle of the next Ariane is planned to be accelerated, fr om 10 years down to 5.
Ёж птица гордая - пока не пнешь не полетит.

Salo

ЦитироватьГость 22 пишет:
ЦитироватьAn ultra-low cost reusable rocket engine, Prometheus, using liquid oxygen–methane propellants, is set to power Europe's future launchers.

Today (14.12.2017), ESA and ArianeGroup signed a contract to develop a full-scale demonstrator to be ground tested in November 2020.  
Prometheus demonstrates the systematic application of an extreme design-to-cost approach, new propellant and innovative manufacturing technologies.
 It lowers costs to a tenth of those for Ariane 5's Vulcain 2 engine.
 Additive layer-by-layer manufacturing of engine parts enables faster production, with fewer parts.
 Key characteristics of Prometheus include a computer system enabling realtime adjustment and immediate diagnosis for potential reusability.
 Methane propellant is widely available and brings high efficiency, standardisation and operational simplicity, making it a perfect candidate for a reusable booster engine demonstration.  
By 2020, technical knowledge of liquid oxygen–methane propulsion gained through the Prometheus project will allow fast and informed decisions to be made on useful applications.  
Prometheus provides a nominal 1 MN of variable thrust, is suitable for first- and second-stage applications, and is reignitable. It will propel a range of next-generation launchers, including future evolutions of Ariane 6.
 The Prometheus contract, worth €75 million, was signed by ESA Director of Space Transportation, Daniel Neuenschwander, and Alain Charmeau, CEO at ArianeGroup, at ESA headquarters in Paris in the presence of ESA Director General Jan Wörner.  
The project is part of ESA's Future Launchers Preparatory Programme.  
"Prometheus will power Europe's future launchers, forging a path of continuous improvement in competitiveness," commented Mr Neuenschwander.
 "This contract paves the way for the future of Europe's space transportation, and the development of European propulsion technology of tomorrow," added Mr Charmeau.  
The project benefits from significant synergies with other launcher demonstration projects within ESA, national agencies and industry.
http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Transportation/Prometheus_to_power_future_launchers
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Salo

#42
https://spacenews.com/arianegroup-supplier-gkn-to-3d-print-turbines-for-reusable-prometheus-engines/
ЦитироватьArianeGroup supplier GKN to 3D print turbines for reusable Prometheus engines
by Caleb Henry — September 4, 2018

WASHINGTON — European rocket builder ArianeGroup, the company leading development and production of the Ariane 5 and upcoming Ariane 6 rockets, on Sept. 4 awarded a contract to a Swedish supplier for a reusable engine program.
GKN Aerospace's space business unit in Trollhättan, Sweden, will build two turbines for Prometheus, a reusable liquid-oxygen-and-methane engine projected to cost $1 million per unit — one-tenth the cost of Ariane 5's Vulcain 2 first-stage engine.
 
Digital rendering of Europe's proposed reusable rocket engine, Prometheus. Credit: ArianeGroup

GKN, which has participated in Ariane launch programs since 1974, will supply components for the first and second stage engines of the expendable Ariane 6 rocket slated to debut in 2020. For Prometheus, the company said it will use 3D printing to reduce the number of turbine parts from over 100 to two, helping lower costs while enabling the engine to meet high temperature, pressure and velocity criteria.
Prometheus is one of a growing number of engines being designed to use methane. SpaceX's Big Falcon Rocket calls for 31 methane-fueled Raptor engines for the reusable booster and seven more for the reusable spacecraft.
The BE-4 engines Blue Origin is making to power its New Glenn orbital rocket also burn methane, as does Zhuque-2, a Chinese rocket that startup Landspace envisions launching in 2020.
Prometheus isn't expected to see use until 2030, though ArianeGroup has said in the past the engine could be used on the expendable Ariane 6.
The European Space Agency signed a 75 million euro ($86.7 million) contract with ArianeGroup in December for the first two Prometheus prototypes. The agency said then that knowledge of liquid-oxygen-and-methane propulsion systems from Prometheus "will allow fast and informed decisions to be made on useful applications" by 2020.
Prometheus can power the first and second stages of a rocket, and "will propel a range of next-generation launchers, including future evolutions of Ariane 6," ESA said.
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Salo

#43
https://www.gkn.com/en/newsroom/news-releases/aerospace/2018/gkn-aerospace-wins-contract-from-arianegroup-for-ground-breaking-additively-manufactured-rocket-engine-turbines/
Цитировать04 09 2018 Aerospace             
GKN Aerospace wins contract from ArianeGroup for ground-breaking additively manufactured rocket engine turbines
    [/li]
  • Development and manufacturing contract for turbines of re-usable rocket engine demonstrator, part of Prometheus project
  • 90% cost reduction, number of parts to be reduced from more than 100 to 2 thanks to cutting-edge AM technology
  • First additively manufactured rocket engine turbines in Europe
GKN Aerospace will develop and manufacture two full-scale turbines for the Prometheus* low-cost re-usable rocket engine demonstrator on liquid oxygen and methane propellants. The turbines will generate power for the methane fuel system, with the first turbine to be delivered at the end of 2019. Manufacturing will take place in cooperation with partners and at GKN Aerospace's highly automated engine systems centre of excellence in Trollhättan, Sweden.
The new state of the art turbine with all its challenging loads - including very high pressure, high speed and high temperatures - incorporates the latest additive manufacturing (AM) technologies with higher performance, lower lead times and significant cost reduction. This innovative development will support the next step in AM: the use of this technology for future higher loaded critical components in terms of pressure, temperature and rotational speed.
Sébastien Aknouche Vice President and General Manager, Services and Special Products Engine Systems said: "With the support of the Swedish National Space Agency, ESA and ArianeGroup we are proud to participate in the Prometheus project and to make a technological contribution to this key European space project. This allows us together with our suppliers, to work with our customer to develop and demonstrate advanced AM technologies in operation and at full scale. We look forward to demonstrating the benefits and the added value in weight and cost reduction, and in faster production rates. These factors, along with our established expertise in space turbines, have resulted in the award of this engine turbine contract."
GKN Aerospace's space business unit, in Trollhättan, Sweden, has been active in the Ariane programme from its inception in 1974 until the current Ariane 6 partnership and has made over 1,000 combustion chambers and nozzles as well as over 250 turbines for the Ariane rocket to date. Today it is the European centre of excellence for turbines and metallic nozzles, having contributed to the programme at every stage from initial research and development through cooperation with academia to the serial production.
 * Prometheus is an ESA funded program for a low-cost re-usable rocket engine demonstrator on methane propellant, with ArianeGroup as the Prime Contractor.
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tnt22

ЦитироватьCaleb Henry‏ @CHenry_SN 47 мин. назад

.@ArianeGroup and Germany's space agency @DLR_en have started 3D-printed gas generator testing for Prometheus, a future low-cost reusable engine.


tnt22

Пресс-релиз ArianeGroup

https://www.ariane.group/en/news/prometheus-testing-of-the-future-lox-methane-engine-demonstrator-begins/
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Press release
Prometheus: testing of the future lox-methane engine demonstrator begins
или

Test-GG-Prometheus-ENG.pdf - 264.2 KB, 2 стр, 2018-12-13 13:26:38 UTC


Salo

https://arstechnica.com/science/2019/02/europe-unveils-design-of-reusable-rocket-that-looks-a-lot-like-a-falcon-9/
ЦитироватьEurope unveils design of reusable rocket that looks a lot like a Falcon 9 "I have no problem saying we didn't invent anything."  
 Eric Berger - 2/26/2019, 4:31 PM
   
 https://youtu.be/h_rV0eFzeKY
https://youtu.be/h_rV0eFzeKY
 
Late last week, the European rocket maker Ariane Group and the French space agency CNES announced the creation of an "acceleration platform" to speed development of future launch vehicles. The initiative, called ArianeWorks, would be a place where "teams work together in a highly flexible environment, open to new players and internationally."
"In this era of NewSpace and in the context of fierce competition, ArianeWorks will accelerate innovation at grassroots level, in favor of mid-tier firms and start-ups, with commitment to reducing costs a major priority," a news release sent to Ars states.
As part of the announcement, the organizations released a promotional video for the group's first step—a so-called Themis demonstrator. The goal of this project is to build a multiple-engine first-stage rocket that launches vertically and lands near the launch site. The rocket will be powered by Europe's Prometheus engine, a reusable liquid oxygen and methane engine that may cost as little as $1 million to build.
The new video is striking because of how similar the Themis demonstrator of "breakthrough technologies" looks to SpaceX's Falcon 9 rocket. Even the engines, with a thrust of 100 tons each, are similar to the output of the Merlin 1D that powers the Falcon 9 rocket. (One difference is that the Merlin 1D engine uses kerosene fuel instead of methane).
The promotional video shows a rocket taking off and then jumps to a landing, complete with four landing legs. A new rocket then takes off as another one lands—similar to concepts SpaceX has discussed for its next generation-rocket and Starship.

Sure, we're copying

To be fair, the European rocket builders have not sought to hide their emulation of SpaceX. During a presentation last year, the head of the French space agency's launch vehicle program, Jean Marc-Astorg, was asked about the similarities. As part of its development program, Ariane and CNES are also planning a "Callisto" hopper vehicle that is similar the Grasshopper test vehicle SpaceX flew in 2012 and 2013 to demonstrate vertical landing capabilities.
"Callisto is Grasshopper," Astorg said at the time. "The Chinese are also building a similar prototype, I have no problem saying we didn't invent anything."
The Callisto and Themis development projects are contingent upon funding from European governments, of course. Presently, Ariane Group is nearing completion of the Ariane 6 rocket, expected to make its first flight in 2020. This vehicle is expendable, but officials said it will be cost-competitive with the Falcon 9 and other rockets offering commercial launch services.
These development projects are part of Europe's effort to develop a booster than comes after the Ariane 6, and it's unlikely to debut before 2028 or 2030. Europe has a long heritage in building quality rockets—it was the first to market commercial launches—and reliably delivering satellites to geostationary space for big telecoms. But in this case, it will be playing catch-up.
A decade from now, SpaceX will almost certainly have perfected reusable spaceflight with its Falcon 9 rocket and may be offering commercial missions on the much larger Starship. Blue Origin, too, should have considerable experience with its reusable New Glenn rocket, and China will probably have one or more reusable launchers.

Listing image by Ariane Works
"Были когда-то и мы рысаками!!!"

Salo

"Были когда-то и мы рысаками!!!"

Salo

#48
Два прототипа начнут изготавливать в первом полугодии 2019. В 2020 планируются огневые испытания:

http://www.aircosmosinternational.com/arianegroup-advances-on-prometheus-programme-120277
ЦитироватьPublished on 11/02/2019 at 15h22
By Duncan Macrae
ArianeGroup advances on Prometheus programme    
      
The Prometheus demonstrator of a future low-cost engine for European launchers has successfully passed its definition review.
The Prometheus demonstrator of a future low-cost engine for European launchers has successfully passed its definition review, which was concluded on 1st February. It was carried out by ArianeGroup and ESA teams supported by experts from the French and German space agencies, CNES and DLR.
Prometheus is an ESA programme, initiated with CNES. The contract awarded to ArianeGroup by ESA in December 2017 covers the design, construction and testing of the first two examples of the very low cost engine demonstrator, which uses liquid oxygen and methane technology and is potentially reusable.
Prometheus is a precursor of the future engines intended for European launchers by 2030. The technologies and industrial processes developed for this demonstrator programme will also be used for the propulsion upgrades of Ariane 6.
The goal of the Prometheus demonstrator is to be able to build future liquid propellant engines in the 100 tons thrust class, for a cost ten times less than that involved in building an existing engine such as the Vulcain2.
In addition to switching from the traditional Ariane propellant (liquid oxygen/hydrogen) to liquid oxygen/methane, the demonstrator will entail major changes, including digitisation of engine control and diagnostics. It also depends on the use of innovative design and production methods and tools, including construction using 3D printing in a connected factory environment.
The next major programme milestone will be the Manufacturing Readiness Review (MRR) to start the production of two demonstrators in the first half of 2019. Testing of those two engines is scheduled for 2020.
"Были когда-то и мы рысаками!!!"

Salo

http://www.aircosmosinternational.com/arianegroup-cnes-launch-arianeworks-acceleration-platform-
ЦитироватьPublished on 25/02/2019 at 11h09
By Duncan Macrae
ArianeGroup, CNES launch ArianeWorks acceleration platform
          
French space agency CNES is teaming with ArianeGroup to create an acceleration platform dedicated to laying the groundwork for future launchers.
Jean-Yves Le Gall, president of French space agency CNES, and ArianeGroup CEO André-Hubert Roussel have signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) to create an acceleration platform dedicated to the preparation of future launchers. Dubbed ArianeWorks, the new platform aims to boost innovation for future launcher development by bringing teams together under one roof and connecting them to Europe's space ecosystem.
CNES and ArianeGroup are currently developing Ariane 6 for the European Space Agency (ESA). Since 2015, they have been working together on the Prometheus demonstrator of a future low-cost engine for European launchers. Prometheus is currently under development, with the first prototype due to be tested in two years.
CNES and ArianeGroup are also working together on the development of Callisto — a reusable first-stage demonstrator — alongside Germany (DLR) and Japan (JAXA).
With ArianeWorks, CNES and ArianeGroup are seeking to achieve a step change by creating a new kind of partnership where teams work together in a highly flexible environment, open to new players and internationally. The top priority is to accelerate the Ariane Next roadmap and in particular its first phase, the Themis demonstrator. ArianeWorks is being created in the lead up to the 2019 Ministerial Conference and its results will be made available to ESA.
As international competition intensifies, the goal, ArianeGroup CEO André-Hubert Roussel explains, is to accelerate the innovation process, in order to prepare for future developments of Ariane by involving new players and attracting new types of funding.
ArianeWorks aims to accelerate innovation at grassroots level, in favour of mid-tier firms and start-ups. Cost reductions will be a major priority. The goal is to work together closely through this first phase up to April 2020 by inspiring and involving new players, not least pioneering start-ups, laboratories, SMEs and manufacturers.
ArianeWorks is also intended to act as a pathfinder, able to accurately assess the technological context in order to make the right choices within the shortest timescales. It will adopt an approach resolutely geared towards open innovation, to encourage the exchange of expertise and spawn a ground-breaking new ecosystem.
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Salo

"Были когда-то и мы рысаками!!!"

Salo

"Были когда-то и мы рысаками!!!"

Salo

ЦитироватьSalo пишет:
Статья 2017 года:

 https://www.eucass.eu/doi/EUCASS2017-537.pdf
Параметры Prometheus на середину 2017 года:
ЦитироватьThe engine delivers 100tons of thrust. A single shaft turbo-pump is used to feed the combustion chamber, cooled via a methane regenerative circuit. Four main valves feed the chamber and the gas generator. Three of them are fully regulated valves and allow a throttling level from 30% up to 110%.
The nominal combustion chamber pressure is set to 100 bar, on the basis of engine mass correlation, engine feedback and performance target. The combustion chamber mixture ratio is set to 3.5 which is near the optimum for the combustion chamber, as it is illustrated in Figure 5.
The ejection pressure was selected to 400 mbar. This value was chosen because the Prometheus engine is a 1st stage engine and needs a good sea level thrust.
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Salo

На IAC2017 ариановцы были оптимистами:

Evaluation of Future Ariane Reusable VTOL Booster stages

https://elib.dlr.de/114430/1/Paper_IAC2017_D.2.4.3ENTRAIN.pdf
 

Для газогенераторного метанового движка приводятся следующие параметры:

Соотношение компонентов в ГГ - 2,52;.
Соотношение компонентов в КС - 3,38;
Давление в КС - 120 бар;
Давление в ГГ - 110 бар;
Земной УИ при геометрической степени расширения сопла 20 - 302,5 с;
Вакуумный УИ при геометрической степени расширения сопла 20 - 334,1 с;

Вакуумный УИ при геометрической степени расширения сопла 180 - 369,2 с.
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Salo

#54
На IAC2018 оптимизм несколько подупал:

Assessment of a European Reusable VTVL Booster Stage
https://elib.dlr.de/120200/1/SP2018_478_PA.pdf
Цитировать3.1.2 LOX-LCH4 engines

Several initiatives are currently working on engines with the propellant combination LOX-Methane. Although proposed several times in the past, this "softly cryogenic" blend has never yet been realized in an operational launcher stage.
The main combustion chamber MRs of this combination have been selected close to their optimum Isp, however, slightly shifted towards increased MR to reach increased bulk density. This approach is different to the LOX-LH2 engines and results in slight differences in MCC-MR and significant differences in the engine MR. The method is used in a similar way also for the other hydrocarbons and is justified by their increased propellant density but considerably lower mass specific impulse compared to LOX-LH2.
The gas generator operates methane-rich and its hot gas powers the single shaft turbine. Major characteristics are derived of the PROMETHEUS-Demonstrator [7] but the baseline assumptions remain similar to all other engines of the system study. Obtained data (Table 2) are not far off the expected PROMETHEUS-engine.
The staged combustion type is based on a fuel rich preburner design with a single-shaft turbopump. It's worth noting that both simulation tools lrp and RPA converged only for relatively high preburner pressures resulting in lower T/W than other engines. A direct comparison with another engine is not possible because the staged combustion methane engines under development in the US, Raptor and BE-4, intend to operate in FFSC and in LOX-rich-mode and at significantly different chamber pressures [6]. The LOX-Methane engines deliver the highest performance of all hydrocarbon types, yet roughly 80 s to 90 s below the LOX-LH2 engines.

Соотношение компонентов в ГГ - 2,52;.
Земной УИ при геометрической степени расширения сопла 20 - 289 с;
Вакуумный УИ при геометрической степени расширения сопла 20 - 320 с;
Вакуумный УИ при геометрической степени расширения сопла 120 - 348 с;
Тяговооружённость земной версии - 97,5;
Тяговооружённость вакуумной версии - 66.

PS:  
Масса земного варианта 100 тс/97,5 = 1026 кг.
Масса вакуумного варианта 100 тс/66 = 1515 кг.
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Salo

#55
Для сравнения данные по Merlin-1D:

Little bit more detailed analysis of the SpaceX's Merlin 1D engine / Rev.A

https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-f734HRBdAeYk5tM3lTZjVtOTQ/view

 
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Salo

Оптимизация топологии турбинного коллектора в демонстрационном ракетном двигателе Прометей:

Topology Optimization of Turbine Manifold in the Rocket Engine Demonstrator Prometheus:
https://ltu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1228857/FULLTEXT01.pdf
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Salo

Ещё бы эту статью  найти:

PROMETHEUS: PRECURSOR OF NEW LOW-COST ROCKET ENGINE FAMILY

А пока только аннотация:

https://iafastro.directory/iac/paper/id/44345/summary/
https://iafastro.directory/iac/paper/id/44345/abstract-pdf/IAC-18,C4,1,2,x44345.brief.pdf?2018-07-04.11:29:37
ЦитироватьPaper ID: 44345
oral

69th International Astronautical Congress 2018
IAF SPACE PROPULSION SYMPOSIUM (C4)
Propulsion System (1) (1)

Author: Ms. Pamela SIMONTACCHI
ArianeGroup SAS, France, pamela.simontacchi@ariane.group
Mr. Roland Blasi
ArianeGroup, Germany, roland.blasi@ariane.group

PROMETHEUS: PRECURSOR OF NEW LOW-COST ROCKET ENGINE FAMILY

Abstract
Prometheus is the Precursor of a new liquid rocket Engine family designed for low-cost, flexibility and reusability.
This Project, undertaken through cooperation between CNES and Ariane Group, entered in the ESA Future Launcher Preparatory Programme after the ESA Ministerial Conference in December 2016, with Germany, Italy, Belgium, Sweden and Switzerland joining France in the support of this Programme. The aim of Prometheus project is to design, produce, and test an advanced low-cost 100-tons class LOX/LCH4 reusable Engine. This Engine, designed for 1M recurrent cost, targets also flexibility in operation through variable thrust, multiple ignitions, compatibility to main and upper stage operation, and minimized ground operations before and after flight. To reach those ambitious objectives, an extreme design-to-cost approach is mandatory, as well as innovative technologies and advanced industrial capabilities; among the major levers, there are the extensive recourse to Additive Manufacturing for the production of engine components, the introduction of a full electric command system and the on-board Rocket Engine Computer (REEC) for Engine management and monitoring.
In addition, Prometheus programme promotes the application of Agile and Frugal methodologies to get maximum profit in product innovation and value creation in operation.
This paper presents the global status of Prometheus development and gives a specific insight regarding additive manufacturing production of low-cost components.
Prometheus is part of the effort to prepare long terms Ariane6 evolution, called Ariane6Next.
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Salo

Общий вывод: пока Arianespace делает метановую замену Merlin'a, SpaceX делает метановую замену РД-191М. ;)
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Salo

Европейские ракеты-носители перед вызовом многоразовости:

Les lanceurs européens face au défi du réutilisable

https://academieairespace.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/Conf_rence-palais-de-la-d_couverte-31-mai-2018.pdf
 
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