Venus Climate Orbiter "AKATSUKI"(PLANET-C,"Акацуки"), IKAROS, UNITEC-1, WASEDA-SAT2, Negai-Star, KSAT – H-2A – 21.05.2010 01:58 ЛМВ

[zandr]

https://ria.ru/science/20181029/1531690533.html

Зонд "Акацуки" получил красивые "цветные" фотографии Венеры

МОСКВА, 29 окт – РИА Новости. Японское космическое агентство раскрыло новую порцию научных данных, полученных зондом "Акацуки" в прошлом году, в том числе большое количество очень качественных и красивых фотографий Венеры. Об этом пишет Дамия Буик, астроном и известный популяризатор космоса.
"Недавно JAXA опубликовала данные, собранные "Акацуки" за прошлый год работы. Я взяла снимки, полученные ультрафиолетовой камерой зонда в двух разных диапазонах волн, объединила и окрасила их. Получились своеобразные "цветные" фотографии Венеры, на которых можно увидеть тонкие детали в устройстве ее атмосферы", — пояснила Буик.
Зонд "Акацуки", запущенный в мае 2010 года, должен был начать изучать тайны атмосферы Венеры в декабре 2010 года, однако он пролетел мимо планеты из-за проблем с работой двигателей. Через пять лет, когда "Акацуки" вернулся к Венере, сделав круг вокруг Солнца, инженеры смогли затормозить зонд и вывести его на стабильную орбиту вокруг планеты, фактически воскресив миссию, уже считавшуюся потерянной.
За последующие три года японскому аппарату удалось получить массу информации по устройству атмосферы Венеры, ее климату и другим ее тайнам. К примеру, ему удалось найти намеки на то, что жизнь, если она существует на "утренней звезде", может прятаться в ее "кислотных" облаках, а также объяснить загадку непостоянной продолжительности дня на "сестре" Земли.
Как изначально предполагали ученые, японский зонд должен был проработать на орбите Венеры около двух лет. Он уже превзошел их ожидания, а текущие запасы топлива и общее состояние космического аппарата позволяют надеяться на то, что "Акацуки" сможет прожить еще несколько лет.
Недавно "Акацуки" передал на Землю новую порцию научных данных и снимков, полученных его ультрафиолетовой камерой во время наблюдений за атмосферой Венеры.
Используя снимки, на которых можно увидеть то, как распределены углекислый газ, серная кислота и другие газы по воздуху "утренней звезды", Буик раскрасила эти фотографии, сделав вторую планету Солнечной системы менее "монохромной", чем она выглядит в реальности.

[pkl]

Красиво, ничего не скажешь! Удивительно похожа на водный мир!

[Salo]

https://www.europlanet-society.org/venus-puts-on-variety-show-among-its-cloud-tops/

Venus puts on variety show among its cloud-tops            
September 19, 2019      
                 Studies of the cloud-tops of Venus by JAXA's Akatsuki spacecraft show  striking variety in wind speeds year-on-year and between the planet's  northern and southern hemispheres. The first fine-scale observations of  cloud-top temperatures have also revealed a tendency for clouds to  converge towards the equator at night, in contrast to poleward  circulation seen previously in daytime studies. 


The results, which have been presented today at the EPSC-DPS Joint  Meeting 2019 in Geneva, provide new insights into the mystery of why the  Venusian atmosphere rotates much faster than the planet itself.


Prof Masato Nakamura, Project Manager of Akatsuki at JAXA, said: "The  Venusian 'super-rotation' is most pronounced at the tops of Venus's  clouds, making this an important region for understanding the dynamics  of the planet's atmosphere. The Akatsuki mission is in a highly  elliptical orbit around Venus that enables the spacecraft to image both  the north and south hemispheres of the planet simultaneously."


An international team of researchers has used advanced cloud-tracking  and quality control techniques to analyse with high accuracy the  direction and speed of cloud top winds using data collected by the  Ultraviolet Imager (UVI) instrument over three years.


The study, led by Prof Takeshi Horinouchi of Hokkaido University,  Japan, and Dr Yeon Joo Lee of JAXA/ISAS and TU Berlin, found that the  super-rotation speed at the cloud tops not only changes over time but is  different in the northern and southern hemispheres. The team also  detected planetary-scale atmospheric waves at the cloud tops, which may  interact with the super-rotation.


The degree of difference between the hemispheres, or 'asymmetry', may  be linked to a second mystery at Venus: an as-yet unidentified chemical  species in the atmosphere that strongly absorbs ultraviolet radiation  from the Sun. 


Prof Horinouchi said: "The asymmetry in super-rotation speeds in  cloud tops in the northern and southern hemispheres might be caused by  variability in the distribution of the so-called 'unknown' ultraviolet  absorber, which plays a key role in regulating how much radiation from  the Sun that Venus can absorb. Our results provide new questions about  the atmosphere of Venus, as well as revealing the richness of variety of  the Venus atmosphere over space and time." 


A separate study has revealed a detailed picture of Venus's cloud  temperatures for the first time on both the dayside and nightside of the  planet. A team from the University of Tokyo, Rikkyo University and the  National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology in  Japan tracked the development over time of mottled clouds and streaky  features in imagery from Akatsuki's LIR infrared camera. 


The observation of cloud motions throughout the day and night has  enabled the team to determine the average circulation in north-south  directions and to detect thermally driven tides that create waves in the  atmosphere and could play a key role in maintaining the super-rotation.


Mr Kiichi Fukuya of the University of Tokyo, who presented the  results at the EPSC-DPS Joint Meeting 2019, said: "The most exciting  discovery is the frequent occurrence of equatorward motions on the  nightside – this is in contrast to the strong poleward circulation on  the dayside we have observed previously at other wavelengths." 


The findings suggest that there are as-yet unknown processes that are  affecting cloud formation and atmospheric dynamics."Akatsuki team  members have been presenting their hottest topics today at the EPSC-DPS  Joint Meeting 2019. The main goal of Akatsuki is to understand the  Venusian atmospheric dynamics and cloud physics, which is quite  different from that of the Earth. As the culmination of these studies,  we believe that we will give a definitive answer how the super-rotation  is maintained at Venus very near future," said Prof Nakamura.



Venus  dayside synthesized false color image by UVI and IR1 (2016 Apr 25) No.1  A synthesized false color image of Venus using 283-nm and 365-nm images  taken by UVI plus 0.90-µm (900-nm) image taken by IR1. Images are  colorized as follows: 283 nm → blue; 365 nm → green; 0.90 µm → red. In  the 283 nm band observed by UVI, there is an absorption band of sulfur  dioxide (SO2). Also, there is an absorption band of an unidentified  chemical substance in the 365 nm band. For example, it can be said that  the amount of SO2 is relatively low in the bluish areas in this image. ©  PLANET-C Project Team
   

Спойлер

Equator-wards motion of clouds on night side. Credit: University of Tokyo.  
 
Pole-wards motion of clouds on day side. Credit: University of Tokyo.    

Artist's impression of the Akatsuki mission. Credit: ISAS/JAXA  
 Science contacts


Takehiko Satoh
 Project Scientist of Akatsuki
 satoh.takehiko@jaxa.jp


Masato Nakamura
 Project Manager of Akatsuki
 nakamura.masato@jaxa.jp


Media contacts


Anita Heward
 EPSC Press Officer
 +44 7756 034243
 anita.heward@europlanet-eu.org
 epsc-dps-press@europlanet-society.org


Livia Giacomini
 EPSC Press Officer
 epsc-dps-press@europlanet-society.org


Adriana Postiglione
 EPSC Press Officer
 epsc-dps-press@europlanet-society.org


Shantanu Naidu
 DPS Press Officer
 dpspress@aas.org


During the meeting, the EPSC-DPS Press Office can be contacted on +41 22 791 9617.


Notes for Editors


Europlanet
 The Europlanet Society, launched in September 2018, is an organization  for individual and corporate members to promote the advancement of  planetary science and related fields in Europe. The Society provides  Europe's planetary science community with a platform to exchange ideas  and personnel, share research tools, data and facilities, define key  science goals for the future, and engage stakeholders, policy makers and  European citizens with planetary science. The Europlanet Society is the  parent organisation of the European Planetary Science Congress (EPSC).


Europlanet Society website: www.europlanet-society.org
 EPSC-DPSC 2019 Joint Meeting 2019 website: www.epsc-dps2019.eu


DPS
 The Division for Planetary Sciences (DPS), founded in 1968, is the  largest special-interest Division of the American Astronomical Society  (AAS). Members of the DPS study the bodies of our own solar system, from  planets and moons to comets and asteroids, and all other solar-system  objects and processes. With the discovery that planets exist around  other stars, the DPS has expanded its scope to include the study of  extrasolar planetary systems as well.


The AAS, established in 1899, is the major organization of  professional astronomers in North America. The membership (approx.  7,500) also includes physicists, mathematicians, geologists,
 engineers, and others whose research interests lie within the broad  spectrum of subjects now comprising contemporary astronomy. The mission  of the AAS is to enhance and share humanity's scientific understanding  of the universe, which it achieves through publishing, meeting  organization, education and outreach, and training and professional  development.

[свернуть]

[Pirat5]

По состоянию на декабрь 2021 года Акацуки продолжает работать и собирать данные без запланированной даты окончания миссии.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akatsuki_(spacecraft)