http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/sbirs-high.htm
ЦитироватьSBIRS-GEO 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/83565.jpg)
SBIRS-GEO [Lockheed Martin]
SBIRS-GEO (Space Based Infra Red Sensor - Geostationary) is the geostationary component of the SBIRS-High program, which will replace the DSP system of early warning satellites in providing early warning for Intercontinental Ballistic Missile launches.
The SBIRS sensors are designed to provide greater flexibility and sensitivity than DSP and can detect short-wave and expanded mid-wave infrared signals allowing the system to perform a broader set of missions. These enhanced capabilities will result in improved prediction accuracy for global strategic and tactical warfighters.
The SBIRS-GEO spacecraft is a 3-axis stabilized A2100M platform with a scanning sensor and a staring sensor. Sensor pointing is accomplished with pointing mirrors within the telescopes. The GEO scanning sensor will provide a shorter revisit time than DSP over its full field of view, while the staring sensor will be used for step-stare or dedicated stare operations over smaller areas.
On Oct. 3, 1996, the SBIRS High program received approval from the Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Technology, Dr Paul Kaminski. The SBIRS High Component element, featuring a mix of Geosynchronous Earth Orbit (SBIRS-GEO) satellites, Highly Elliptical Earth Orbit (SBIRS-HEO) payloads on other satellites, and a new consolidated Ground Processing station, will incrementally replace the existing DSP infrastructure over the FY99 - FY03 time frame. This element is the first of two planned elements which will provide an enhanced follow-on capability to the current DSP system. The second element, commonly known as the Low Component, has been designated as a Major Defense Acquisition Program but is being developed as an integral part of the overall SBIRS "System of Systems" development concept.
The EMD contract for SBIRS High was awarded to Lockheed Martin Missiles & Space as the prime contractor on 8 Nov 1996. Lockheed's team-members include Aerojet and Lockheed Martin Federal Systems to provide satellite control, mission data processing and telemetry and tracking and operations, Northrop Grumman to provide primary infrared sensor payload and Honeywell for on-board data processing. This contract value is $1.8B for High Component work spanning the next 10 years.
In late 2005, the SBIRS-High program has been curtailed to no more than three satellites due to skyrocketing costs, but this decision was reversed later, as there was no viable alternative to SBIRS-GEO. In June 2009 the third satellite was ordered. In January 2011, GEO-4 was ordered along with long lead items for GEO-5. In October 2012 Lockheed Martin was awarded an US$82 million contract to begin initial work on the fifth and sixth geosynchronous satellites.
Nation: USA
Type / Application: Early Warning
Operator: USAF
Contractors: Lockheed Martin
Equipment: 2 SBIRS sensors (scanning and staring)
Configuration: A2100M
Propulsion: LEROS-1C
Power: 2 deployable solar arrays, batteries
Lifetime:
Mass: ~ 4500 kg
Orbit: GEO
14 марта.
20 марта около 05:00 ЛМВ.
http://www.spaceflightnow.com/atlas/av037/stacking.html#.USKtQfK55eE
ЦитироватьAtlas 5 rocket preparing for its third launch of the year
BY JUSTIN RAY
SPACEFLIGHT NOW
Posted: February 18, 2013
After successfully carrying out two high-profile satellite launches for NASA in the opening weeks of the year, the Atlas 5 rocket program has stacked its third booster of 2013 to deploy a critical missile-warning spacecraft for the Pentagon.
(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/27668.jpg)
File image of Centaur being hoisted atop Atlas first stage. Credit: NASA-KSC
The second Space Based Infrared System Geosynchronous satellite, or SBIRS GEO 2 for short, will be hauled into orbit atop an Atlas 5 from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station on March 19.
It has been a hectic start to the year for United Launch Alliance and its Atlas 5 fleet, completing the quickest-ever pre-flight campaign in January at just 27 days from the start of stacking until liftoff of NASA's Tracking and Data Relay Satellite K on Jan. 30.
That was followed a mere 12 days later by NASA's first Atlas 5 mission from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California that put the Landsat Data Continuity Mission spacecraft into orbit to extend the four-decade legacy of environmental monitoring by the satellite series.
"I don't think everyone realizes what all is involved in launching two Atlas 5s, one of the East Coast, one off the West Coast, 11.5 days apart," said NASA launch director Tim Dunn.
"Tremendous teamwork between the NASA (Launch Services Program) team, the spacecraft teams and especially United Launch Alliance. To review all of the data, to disposition all of the data observations, just exceptional work."
Next up, SBIRS GEO 2 will join the Air Force's constellation of missile launch detection observatories flying 22,300 miles above Earth that provide a constant vigil to warn of incoming threats.
Built by Lockheed Martin, SBIRS is the next-generation system replacing the Defense Support Program satellites and their scanning infrared telescopes. The new birds offer increased sensitivity and the ability to stare at a specific spot on the globe.
The first SBIRS GEO was deployed in May 2011.
The Atlas 5 first stage and Centaur upper stage were delivered from the Decatur manufacturing plant to the Cape for the SBIRS launch, which will be the 37th flight of the vehicle and the 12th for the Defense Department.
The bronze first stage with its RD-180 main engine was brought to the Vertical Integration Facility last Thursday for hoisting aboard the mobile launch platform.
After installing the interstage adapter atop the stage, the Centaur with its RL10 engine was lifted into position Monday for the basic buildup of the rocket.
It is the 401-version of the Atlas 5, which uses no strap-on solid rocket boosters. A four-meter-diameter payload fairing will shroud the satellite for launch.
(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/27669.jpg)
Artist's concept of SBIRS GEO. Credit: Lockheed Martin
The spacecraft was shipped to the Florida spaceport aboard a C-5 aircraft from Lockheed Martin's Sunnyvale, Calif., factory on Jan. 11. It has been undergoing final testing in preparation for fueling and encapsulation in the rocket's nose cone. The craft will be delivered to the VIF for mating atop the Centaur in early March.
"We performed a disciplined integration and test campaign for GEO-2 and are now looking forward to successfully launching this spacecraft to ultimately help protect our nation and allies with unprecedented global, persistent infrared surveillance capabilities," Jeff Smith, vice president of Lockheed Martin's Overhead Persistent Infrared (OPIR) mission area, said at the time of shipment.
"As we continue to produce SBIRS assets, we expect to drive even greater efficiency into our operations to reduce costs for the government while still ensuring mission success."
ULA hopes to conduct 8 Atlas 5 launches this year, including three more for the Air Force, a classified NRO mission and sending NASA's MAVEN atmospheric spacecraft to orbit Mars.
http://www.spaceflightnow.com/atlas/av037/payload.html#.UTl0rTe55eE
ЦитироватьAtlas 5 fitted with satellite payload for next launch
BY JUSTIN RAY
SPACEFLIGHT NOW
Posted: March 7, 2013
An Air Force surveillance satellite and its United Launch Alliance Atlas 5 booster were joined together today as the duo targets a March 19 blastoff fr om Cape Canaveral.
Fitting a payload atop a towering rocket is the sure sign a launch is right around the corner, and that milestone was achieved this morning at Complex 41.
(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/84551.jpg)
File image of Atlas payload being hoisted for attachment. Credit: United Launch Alliance
It is the second Space Based Infrared System Geosynchronous satellite, or SBIRS GEO 2, for the U.S. military's network of missile early-warning detection spacecraft. The SBIRS project is advancing the heritage capabilities of the aging Defense Support Program satellites from the Cold War focus on intercontinental ballistic missiles to today's short-range missile threats by incorporating new technologies to make quicker detections of fainter objects.
Orbiting high above Earth, these spacecraft are designed as a "silent safety net" to spot hostile missiles launches that warfighters can take defensive measures against. The system determines the trajectory and wh ere a missile is aiming to hit, giving the necessary alert to intercept the incoming weapon.
The Pentagon calls SBIRS and missile-warning one of the nation's highest priority space programs.
The Atlas 5 is scheduled for blastoff March 19 at 5:21 p.m. EDT (2121 GMT) at the opening of a 40-minute launch opportunity that extends to 6:01 p.m. EDT (2201 GMT).
Firing on its RD-180 kerosene-fueled main engine, the 19-story rocket will head eastward from the Florida coastline en route to a standard geosynchronous transfer orbit to deploy the 10,000-pound payload.
The bronze first stage, which gains an icy white coat during the countdown as supercold liquid oxygen gets loaded inside, will burn for four minutes before retro-thrusters assist in the separation event.
The foam-covered Centaur upper stage then takes over, lighting its cryogenic RL10 engine to consume liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen during a pair of burns that accelerate the payload into its desired drop off orbit.
As soon as the first firing gets underway, the aluminum nose cone shrouding the satellite will be jettisoned in clamshell fashion, the two halves peeling away from the rocket.
(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/84552.jpg)
File image of SBIRS GEO 1 being encapsulated in the rocket's nose cone. Credit: Lockheed Martin
SBIRS GEO 2 arrived at the Cape in January to undergo final testing, the loading of maneuvering fuel and encapsulation within the nose cone at a processing facility cleanroom.
The payload was hauled out the Vertical Integration Facility this morning and hoisted into the assembly building for mating to the Centaur.
The shroud, known in Atlas parlance as the "large payload fairing" option for mission designers to select, is 14 feet in diameter and 39 feet tall. It gives the Atlas 5 an overall height of 189 feet for launch.
Once Centaur is up and running and the fairing is separated, the upper stage performs an 11-minute initial burn that injects the vehicle into a preliminary parking orbit.
A quiet coast phase lasts for 9 minutes over the equatorial Atlantic before the RL10 is restarted about 24 minutes into the flight. The second burn, running four minutes in length, boosts the payload into a highly elliptical orbit of 22,237 statute miles at its high point and 115 miles at its closest point to Earth and tilted 22 degrees to the equator.
The rocket releases the satellite 43 minutes after launch, completing the third Atlas flight of the year and the fourth in the past four months.
Built by Lockheed Martin, SBIRS GEO 2 will perform its own maneuvering into a circular geosynchronous orbit 22,300 miles above the planet for checkout and commissioning into the nation's missile-warning constellation.
20 марта 01:21-02:01 ЛМВ.
http://www.spaceflightnow.com/atlas/av037/preview.html#.UUZHaze55eE
ЦитироватьNew security satellite will peer down on Earth
BY JUSTIN RAY
SPACEFLIGHT NOW
Posted: March 17, 2013
Highly sophisticated infrared eyes to spot incoming enemy missiles against the United States and its allies will rocket into space Tuesday atop a United Launch Alliance Atlas 5 booster fr om Cape Canaveral.
(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/84733.jpg)
An artist's concept of the SBIRS GEO satellite deployed in space. Credit: Lockheed Martin
Destined for a classified position somewhere in orbit 22,300 miles above the planet, the Air Force's second Space Based Infrared System Geosynchronous satellite, known as SBIRS GEO 2 for short, will further upgrade the nation's surveillance to detect and track missile launches around the globe.
"Our ability to provide strategic missile warning is critical to the nation's survival," says Gen. William Shelton, leader of Air Force Space Command.
Спойлер
Devised in the Cold War to provide warning of intercontinental ballistic missiles launched at the U.S., this national security space project has broaden to cover short-range missiles and threats facing troops on the modern day battlefield.
"I would argue that the nation's missile warning system is critical now, or perhaps even more so, than it was even during Cold War," said Col. Jim Planeaux, director of the Infrared Space Systems Directorate at the Air Force's Space and Missile Systems Center.
"Certainly strategic and tactical missile threats have proliferate in both number and type, (and) the number of countries that own these systems has increased. So with SBIRS our core mission continues to be that missile warning, and we're modernizing the nation's systems so that we remain highly capable against today's threats, just as we have through the 40 years of DSP legacy, and we'll continue to meet the needs of our national leadership, decision makers, our warfighters and our allies."
Once the system detects a target, it determines the flight trajectory and wh ere a hostile missile will hit, giving warfighters the necessary alert to intercept the weapon as part of the OODA loop (Observe, Orient, Decide and Act). The satellite launching Tuesday will work to expedite that time-critical sequence by identifying faint missiles faster and allowing forces to engage sooner.
GEO 2 in the satellite production factory. Credit: Lockheed Martin
Спойлер
In 2011, early-warning surveillance was used "to alert our forces and those of our global partners to nearly 200 missile launches and to report an additional 7,100 special infrared events. And I believe with some of the activity we're seeing around the world even this year, we're seeing an increase in the number of global missile launches," Planeaux said.
On Friday, Defense Secretary Chuck Hagel announced deployment of additional missile interceptors in Alaska to guard against increased threats fr om North Korea and Iran.
"The United States has missile defense systems in place to protect us from lim ited ICBM attacks, but North Korea in particular has recently made advances in its capabilities and has engaged in a series of irresponsible and reckless provocations," Hagel said.
Starting in 1970, the Pentagon deployed a long line of spinning satellites for the Defense Support Program, or DSP. The infrared telescopes continuously scanned the globe looking for the super-heated exhaust plumes emitted by missiles, allowing that information to sound the alarm for the nation's leadership and military commanders.
By the mid 1990s, the Air Force sel ected Lockheed Martin to develop the Space Based Infrared System and use new technology to greatly advance the monitoring efforts by make quicker detections of dimmer objects.
The new system would fly "hosted" surveillance payloads on secret spy satellites in highly inclined Earth orbits to observe the northern latitudes and dedicated SBIRS spacecraft parked in geosynchronous orbit 22,300 above the equator for mid-latitude coverage.
And unlike the previous generation of Defense Support Program missile warning satellites that have only scanning sensors, the SBIRS GEO spacecraft would be equipped with two Short Schmidt telescopes for both scanning and staring instruments to increase the amount of reconnaissance that could be collected.
The windshield wiper-type scanner gives a wide view of the planet below and a the starer can be tasked to observe a very specific region for emerging threats and fast-moving targets.
Building the complex system, however, ran into lengthy delays and cost vastly more than originally envisioned.
(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/84735.jpg)
An artist's concept depicts a notional constellation of DSP, SBIRS GEO and SBIRS HEO platforms. Credit: Lockheed Martin
Спойлер
The first highly elliptical orbit hosted payload, known as HEO 1, finally went into space from Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif., in 2006, a full decade into the development effort. HEO 2 followed from Vandenberg in 2008.
Getting the first GEO off the ground from Cape Canaveral came in May 2011, bringing the modernize enhancements to the surveillance network.
The second GEO awaits blastoff from the Cape on Tuesday at 5:21 p.m. EDT. (Live updates and streaming video)
GEO 1 has gone through rigorous testing and trial runs to prove its data can be trusted, and project officials say it should be fully accepted into the operational fleet later this year.
"Based on GEO 1's on-orbit performance to date, we expect GEO 2 to also provide exceptional improvements to global and theater mission capabilities to our warfighters and the nation," Planeaux said.
Lockheed Martin is building four GEO satellites and four HEO payloads, and anticipates beginning production of GEOs 5 and 6 this year, to replenish the orbiting constellation as aging DSP spacecraft fade out. The military won't say exactly how many remain in service.
"SBIRS improved sensor technology and ground processing capabilities enable us to respond to growing needs, evolving threats, and will serve us as the foundation of the nation's overhead infrared constellation for many, many years to come," Planeaux said.
The shrouded GEO 2 is hoisted atop the Atlas 5. Credit: United Launch Alliance
Спойлер
The GEO 2 satellite was mounted atop the Atlas rocket on March 7, allowing the integrated systems test between the duo to be performed successfully. This past week was spent installing ordnance, closing out the rocket's payload shroud and buttoning up the vehicle's other compartments.
Mission managers conducted their launch readiness review at the Cape on Friday morning and granted approval for Monday's 10 a.m. EDT rollout of the Atlas 5 rocket from its assembly building to the pad at Complex 41.
Tuesday's countdown will start ticking just after 10 a.m. EDT, followed by the loading of liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen into the rocket just after 3 p.m. EDT.
The day's launch opportunity opens at 5:21 p.m. EDT (2121 GMT) and extends 40 minutes to 6:01 p.m. The window moves four minutes earlier if the liftoff is bumped back to Wednesday for some reason.
Weather forecasters predict a 70 percent chance of acceptable conditions during Tuesday's window.
It will mark the 37th launch of an Atlas 5 booster in the past decade, the 17th in the 401 configuration with a four-meter nose cone and no strap-on solid motors and the fourth Atlas flight in four months. It also represents United Launch Alliance's 69th mission in six years and the 29th using an Atlas 5.
The previous SBIRS GEO 1 was entrusted to fly on Atlas and GEO 2 is the rocket's 12th launch for the Defense Department. Including NRO satellite deployments, this is the vehicle's 19th in service to U.S. national security payloads.
The launch of GEO 2 will "take another big step in delivering the next generation of Air Force infrared surveillance capability," Planeaux said.
"While our current constellation of Defense Support Program satellites has served the nation and our allies well for over 40 years, SBIRS is bringing unprecedented new capabilities into service to support our mission areas, which are missile warning, missile defense, technical intelligence and battlespace awareness."
(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/84737.jpg)
An illustration shows the SBIRS GEO sensor systems. Credit: Lockheed Martin
Спойлер
Weighing about 10,000 pounds at launch, the satellite will be injected by the Atlas 5 into a standard geosynchronous transfer orbit with a high point of 22,237 statute miles, low point of 115 miles and inclination of 22 degrees to the equator. Separation of the spacecraft from the rocket occurs about 43 minutes after liftoff.
Fr om there, ground controllers will spend about 9 days performing 6 firings of the craft's main engine to circularize the orbit before deploying the appendages and commencing the testing campaign.
"We are obviously very excited for the launch, we're also challenging our team and we're confident we do this to achieve the (satellite's) checkout and certification in a little over 6 months," Planeaux said.
Built around Lockheed Martin's commercial A2100 satellite platform, with a 12-year design life, the craft is a clone of the GEO 1, having been built at the same time using the same parts. The craft are equipped with RH-32 radiation-hardened single board computers with reloadable flight software.
After deploying its pair of power-producing solar arrays for 2,800 watts, GEO 2 will have a wing span of 49 feet. The craft also extends a light shade for the payload and unfolds gimbaled communications antennas for secure, spot beam transmissions.
Its scanner and starer instruments, amounting to 1,000 pounds of hardware, have highly agile pointing mirrors and the dual infrared sensors that feature short wave, mid wave and see-to-ground spectral band assemblies.
"At a time when this capability is more vital than ever, the addition of GEO 2 will further enhance our nation's capabilities for early warning detection of ballistic missile launches around the globe, support our nation's ballistic missile defense system, greatly expand our technical intelligence-gathering capability and provide enhanced situational awareness for warfighters on the battlefield," said Dave Sheridan, Lockheed Martin's SBIRS program director in Sunnyvale, Calif.
Integration of the sensors and satellite for GEO 3 will be finished next year for launch in 2015, with GEO 4 following along about a year later in the sequence. HEO 3 is nearing completion in preparation for handover this year to the host NRO satellite. HEO 4's construction is progressing approximately in parallel to GEO 4, according to Planeaux.
А что за диапазон See-to-ground? ну понятно,что "до поверхности Земли", но разве ж и предыдущие поколения ИК-сенсоров не учитывали минимальный фон земли, им и так их 2,7-2,9 микрон (для DSP) позволяли "видеть" объекты на земле?
Или это вообще не ИК-диапазона и что-то, позволяющее смотреть сквозь облачный слой (как раз описывается высота 6,2км, ниже которой может видеть see-to-ground)...
На стартовой площадке...
(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/84743.jpg)
(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/84744.jpg) (https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/84745.jpg) (https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/84746.jpg)
https://twitter.com/ulalaunch
ЦитироватьSlaanesh пишет:
А что за диапазон See-to-ground? ну понятно,что "до поверхности Земли", но разве ж и предыдущие поколения ИК-сенсоров не учитывали минимальный фон земли, им и так их 2,7-2,9 микрон (для DSP) позволяли "видеть" объекты на земле?
Или это вообще не ИК-диапазона и что-то, позволяющее смотреть сквозь облачный слой (как раз описывается высота 6,2км, ниже которой может видеть see-to-ground)...
Может быть "на фоне Земли"?
Такие датчики летали далеко не всегда.
ЦитироватьCAPE CANAVERAL AIR FORCE STATION, Fla., March 18, 2013 --- The U.S. Air Force and Lockheed Martin [NYSE : LMT] are ready to launch the second Space Based Infrared System (SBIRS (http://www.lockheedmartin.com/sbirs)) Geosynchronous Earth Orbit (GEO-2) spacecraft on Tuesday, March 19 aboard a United Launch Alliance Atlas V (http://www.ulalaunch.com/site/pages/Products_AtlasV.shtml) rocket from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Fla. The launch window is 5:21 EDT to 6:01 p.m. EDT.
A live launch broadcast will begin at 5:01 p.m. EDT and will be accessible via the ULA webcast (http://www.ulalaunch.com/site/pages/Multimedia_Webcast.shtml).
Featuring a mix of satellites in geosynchronous orbit, hosted payloads in highly elliptical earth (HEO) orbit, and ground hardware and software, the SBIRS program delivers resilient and improved missile warning capabilities for the nation while also providing significant contributions to the military's missile defense, technical intelligence and battlespace awareness mission areas.
"We understand the important role SBIRS plays in our national security architecture and the entire SBIRS team has worked tirelessly to prepare this satellite for a successful launch," said Jeff Smith, Lockheed Martin's vice president of Overhead Persistent Infrared (OPIR) mission area. "The dedication and talent of this SBIRS team is remarkable and we are keenly focused on delivering mission success for the warfigher."
Lockheed Martin's SBIRS contracts include four HEO payloads, four GEO satellites, and ground assets to receive, process, and disseminate the infrared mission data. The team has also begun procuring long lead parts for the fifth and sixth GEO satellites (http://www.lockheedmartin.com/us/news/press-releases/2013/march/March52013.html). HEO payloads and the first GEO satellite have already launched into orbit.
GEO-1 is meeting or exceeding performance expectations on its path to operational certification. The satellite's sensor pointing accuracy is nine times more precise than required and the sensors are detecting targets 25 percent dimmer than required with an intensity measurement 60 percent more accurate than specification.
The SBIRS team is led by the Infrared Space Systems Directorate (http://www.losangeles.af.mil/library/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=5330) at the U.S. Air Force Space and Missile Systems Center. Lockheed Martin is the SBIRS prime contractor, Northrop Grumman (http://www.northropgrumman.com/) is the payload integrator. Air Force Space Command (http://www.afspc.af.mil/) operates the SBIRS system.
http://www.lockheedmartin.com/us/news/press-releases/2013/march/318-ss-sbirs.html
ЦитироватьАртём Жаров пишет:
фотки
На самой нижней фотке стрелки в разные стороны :o то есть в случае чего тягачи с ракетой не в сторону уедут а сойдут с рельс?
ЦитироватьМожет быть "на фоне Земли"?
Такие датчики летали далеко не всегда.
Так все DSP с такими летали, но у них это называлось below-the-horizon. Хотя я тоже думаю , что возможно имелось в виду именно это, хотя в ряде публикаций употребляется see-to-the-ground band.
ЦитироватьSlaanesh пишет:
А что за диапазон See-to-ground? ...... (как раз описывается высота 6,2км, ниже которой может видеть see-to-ground)...
Наверное все-таки окна прозрачности атмосферы в ИК-диапазоне
речь шла об overhead non-imaging infrared (ONIR) sensor with see-to-ground capability. Заглядывает под облака 24х7 и выдает более точные координаты и тип\класс ракеты\самолета, если сможет определить по пятну, тепловому следу факела.
ЦитироватьТак все DSP с такими летали, но у них это называлось below-the-horizon. Хотя я тоже думаю , что возможно имелось в виду именно это, хотя в ряде публикаций употребляется see-to-the-ground band
нет, под облачностью сенсоры DSP видели плохо, координаты места пуска определялись где-то после 30 сек от пуска или на высоте 7-10 км.
Сомнительно это все же . Сильно вундервафельно: и сквозь облака смотрит и еще и на фоне земли определяет то же, что (по чувствительности) мог DSP. При этом учитывая что диапазон для дсп был выбран именно с учетом минимального фона земли- значит в другом диапазоне можно с ума сойти, очищая информативный сигнал от шумов ...
ЗЫ: под тем, что на DSP такие были- подразумевал их ориентацию точно вниз (ну 4 градуса не в счет), а не под углом для наблюдения на фоне космоса above the horizon
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joint_Tactical_Ground_Station
давно считают число и координаты пусков тактических ракет, типа Скадов и Точек.и никто с ума не сходит.
Это-то причем? Там сенсоры абсолютно те же самые, 2,5-2,7 микрон, это алгоритмический пакет просто другой, засечка идет все на том эе минимальном фоне земли.
о чем вы говорите, это в 90-х и сейчас сенсоры те же самые? Сама SBIRS, как система, появилась как реализация нового поколения IR сенсоров.
диапазон чувствительности остался тот же, что и был обкатан на DSP. ближний и средний ИК, 2,5-2,7 и 4,3микрона. это максимумы светимости ракетных факелов (для первой и второй ступеней соответственно), полученные в результате эмпирических исследований, помноженных также на исследования фона земли-несмотря на то, что первый диапазон попадает в окно непрозрачности атмосферы, где ИК поглощается водой и СО. Ну вот теория теорией, а практика показала, что все ж по границам спектра сильное ИК-таки проходит.
То, что там может другие стекла, другие элементы в самом ФПУ, другие криогенные приблуды, другая периодичность сканирования-другое дело. Главная проблема DSP была не столько в чувствительности элементов, сколько в малом числе засечек, обеспечивавшихся ей (при вращении 6об/мин).
Соответственно,загадкой остается,как можно смотреть сквозь облака (недоступно для предыдущих ИК сенсоров), детектировать при этом факел ракеты (доступно для предыдущих сенсоров),однозначно определять его среди прочих сигналов - и зачем тогда нужны остальные, если он один справляется с самой сложной задачей (засечка на самом раннем участке- самом неблагоприятном с точки зрения и прозрачности атмосферы, и влияния земли).
Либо это аналог термина below the horizon, либо что-то не ИК диапазона вообще.
ну, там же английским языком написано, что три линейки детекторов в приборе, три диапазона, в каждом телескопе. Та что STG - откалибрована для наблюдения поверхности закрытой облачностью, и выполнять задачи за всех три не может.
А под облачностью факел будет светиться в некотором другом диапазоне, нежели без нее?
И светиться он будет не на фоне той же земли, на котором светится факел в безоблачную погоду?
Если он может различать сигнатуры под облачностью, то нафига нужен тогда ближний ИК, он явно и без облачности сможет засечь тот же факел.
Тогда достаточно его и допустим среднего-для верхних ступеней.
причем тут максимумы факела, для того чтобы "работать" под сильной облачностью детектор надо делать под окно прозрачности 8-14мкм, пересчитать уровни на рассеивание при известной высоте облачности и вторичное излучение от факела. Очевидно, что для места ракетного пуска они будут значительно выше шума от Солнца.
Именно добавлением линейки детекторов с предельно задранной чувствительностью на более длинные волны, и можно объяснить постановки "тактических" задач для SBIRS.
Цитировать Очевидно, что для места ракетного пуска они будут значительно выше шума от Солнца.
Кому очевидно?Для этого амеры запускали аппаратуру на U-2, мучались с MIDASом, мы и они рисовали грифованные карты фона Земли?
Про тактические задачи для SBIRS- еще раз: и DSP в состоянии отслеживать и пуски Скадов, и даже зенитных ракет, и факелы самолетов (в основном на форсаже), все эти опции с успехом были реализованы с помощью специального софта.
Не нужно для решения тактических задач СБИРСом задирать чувствительность. А вот проблем с такой чувствительностью при решении задач фиксирования пуска можно получить много.
да и к тому же, как вы будете наблюдать явления под облаками в диапазоне 8-14мкм, если этот диапазон в частности используется для наблюдения ЗА развитием облачности и ее параметрами?) облачность для него непрозрачна.
Зато в этом же диапазоне много чего другого светится на земле.
ЦитироватьSlaanesh пишет:
да и к тому же, как вы будете наблюдать явления под облаками в диапазоне 8-14мкм, если этот диапазон в частности используется для наблюдения ЗА развитием облачности и ее параметрами?) облачность для него непрозрачна.
Зато в этом же диапазоне много чего другого светится на земле.
В этом диапазоне как раз окно прозрачности
(http://poteplenie.ru/faq/ir.gif)
И много чего излучающих объектов.
^^^^^
Ну, к чему все эти слова. Ну, чего вам не понятно. Сначала летали КА только с одной линейкой детекторов типа above-the-horizont, только на фоне космоса, потом добавили второй в окне 4-5мкм и начали наблюдать за на фоне Земли, на последних DSP добавили резервную линейку в том же окне прозрачности, против засветки, в том числе и чтобы уменьшить ущерб от лазеров. Сейчас перешли к следующему окну прозрачности.
Мало ли чего там светится, расчеты ведутся по быстрой серии снимков, статические элементы вообще в процессе удаляются. Поэтому и такая выгода от снимков в другом окне прозрачности. Новые сенсоры кроме добавления STG и повышения SNR дали ещё и возможность следить за менее контрастными и более медленными объектами, такими как самолеты.
Slaanesh (http://novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/forum/user/17051/), Поэтому принимают излучение одновременно в разных диапазонах. В каждом диапазоне в отдельности объект обнаруживается с некоторой неопределенностью. Использование многих диапазонов вероятность обнаружения и распознования увеличивает.
Ничего подобного, начинали летать как раз с DSP, которые и наблюдали на фоне земли. и начинали как раз с 2,5-2,7, только потом на некоторое добавили 4,3мкм.
Проблемы с переходом к другому окну прозрачности и тогда не было, была проблема того, что удастся увидеть на таком расстоянии.Отсюда и определение максимума факелов и прочее.
Статические снимки не удаляются никуда, о чем в частности свидетельствует использование DSP в последней кампании в Ираке для фиксирования объемов ущерба от бомбардировке- фиксировались как раз факты взрыва. ну и их интенсивность- насколько возможно.
Насчет разных диапазонов- конечно, в этом есть смысл, если наблюдаются объекты РАЗНОЙ светимости или на разном фоне.
Но если STG и традиционные сенсоры так же ориентированы below the horizon, то что мешает использовать лишь один- для обнаружения первых ступеней? Если STG способен уловить ее еще и сквозь облака? Наблюдается ведь один и тот же объект, Вторая ступень- ладно, тут действительно имеет смысл в другом диапазоне.
Только вот все равно сомнительно, что в этом окне прозрачности, который вы предлагаете рассматривать, ракетный факел будет на таком расстоянии виден. и его не забьет естественный фон земли, например.
(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/84759.jpg)
Именно, разница между кадрами(background elimination process) и убирает облака, помехи и т.д. Насчет демонстрации статических снимков, это один из режимов обработки - на самом деле это сумма нескольких кадров, от 2 до 200. По одному кадру они ничего не считают, так исторически сложилось, в требованиях стояла автоматическая выдача координат, иначе реализовать было невозможно, слишком медленно идет распознавание и требует участия оператора.
http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB235/13.pdf
см. 8 там показан процесс обработки и на 16 с. указаны ограничения системы на 2.6мкм - solar interference, и методы их устранения - добавление сенсоров 4.3 мкм и starring sensor, если 4.3 добавили ещё в рамках DSP, до staring sensor дошли только сейчас, а раньше, если надо было по координатам КА DSP работал в паре с КА NRO.
Не, staring-это ж другое, это не диапазон, а принцип, матрица, в отличие от линейных ФПУ.
По кадрам- не спорю, естественно, по нескольким кадрам строят, только автоматической отсечки неподвижной цели там нет, потому что бывают ситуации, когда ракета летит точно в морду спутнику- и несколько засечек совпадают (такое было не только в теории- как здесь в приведенном Вами документе описано, но и в ходе первой кампании в Ираке. Там вообще труба была, один спутник не распознал из-за такого движения ракеты, другой был в резерве, третий- операторов не было на месте. Как-то так).
Да, другое, просто показываю, как давно это планировалось сделать. Растут тех. возможности и меняются парадигмы. Раньше физики были главные, а теперь айтишники. Под "узким" сенсором 2.7 мкм была заложена физическая идея получения SNR, если следить за максимумом излучения горячего пара в факеле, при большом затухании в атмосфере, чтобы уменьшить уровень отраженного света от той же воды, но в более холодном состоянии. А сейчас всё сводится к чувствительным матрицам и обработке сигналов, для этого и ввели "широкий" диапазон и STG.
http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB235/12.pdf
А вот этот документ- это когда горящая скважина ДСП помехи ставила?
Отчетливая ирония ощущается в том, что военный спутник с такой пафосной эмблемой с орлами и надписями типа US Air Force запускается на российском двигателе. Когда я представляю себе обратную ситуацию, если, например, на "Союз-2.1в" поставят какой-нибудь RS-25, и ту истерику, которая в таком случае поднимется в интернете, то никак не могу удержаться от смеха.
Цитироватьlozga пишет:
и ту истерику, которая в таком случае поднимется в интернете, то никак не могу удержаться от смеха.
Да. мир интернета очень чуднОй. Вот только что есть больший позор?
T-3 часа.
lozga, двигатели проданы, они уже США. По-факту - конечно нужно представить специалистов Энергомаша и их управляющих организаций к гос.наградам США за добросовестный труд. Идеологически ветеранам можно только посочувствовать...
ЦитироватьG.K. пишет:
http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB235/12.pdf
А вот этот документ- это когда горящая скважина ДСП помехи ставила?
Они еще подняли шум о якобы лазерной атаке ссср. Помимо этого случая ДСП еще ловил отраженные блики от снежных шапок гор. Тоже дорабатывали потом алгоритмически . А насчет автоматики: в 1983г за полгода прошло более 2000 совещаний на уровне офицеров на бд по поводу факту обнаружения, все оказались ложные, но удивляет то, что на верхний уровень автоматически ничего не передавалось. Только четверть этих фактов пошла выше, а до уровня МО-единицы. Когда планировали использование системы для моряков и их целей, то опять же чуть не в ручном режиме сидели и наблюдали. Кстати для наблюдения за медленными целями типа ту-22 ДСП тож использовался в рамках программы Slow Walker
Трансляции:
http://www.ulalaunch.com/site/pages/Webcast.shtml
http://www.spaceflightnow.com/atlas/av037/status.html
Цитировать2104 GMT (5:04 p.m. EDT)
Upper level winds are good for launch today, ULA says.
2101 GMT (5:01 p.m. EDT)
Twenty minutes from liftoff. Weather is GO for launch.
2100 GMT (5:00 p.m. EDT)
Here's a look at some stats about today's mission. This will be:
The 619th launch for Atlas program since 1957
The 329th Atlas to occur from Cape Canaveral
The 208th mission for the Centaur upper stage
The 185th use of Centaur by an Atlas rocket
The 37th launch of an Atlas 5 since 2002
The 58th Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle flight
The 12th Atlas 5 dedicated to the Defense Department
The 31st Atlas 5 to occur from the Cape
The 25th daytime Atlas 5 from the Cape
The 29th Atlas 5 under United Launch Alliance
The 25th 400-series flight of the Atlas 5
The 17th Atlas 5 to fly in the 401 configuration
The fourth SBIRS program launch
The third SBIRS program launch on Atlas 5
The second SBIRS GEO spacecraft
The third Atlas launch of 2013
2057 GMT (4:57 p.m. EDT)
The first stage liquid oxygen tank and Centaur's liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen tanks are topped at flight level.
2055 GMT (4:55 p.m. EDT)
All weather conditions remain GO at the current time. There is a cumulus cloud being watched to the northwest of the pad over the Shuttle Landing Facility, however it is not violating any launch rules at this time.
Цитировать2120 GMT (5:20 p.m. EDT)
T-minus 20 seconds. "Go Atlas" and "Go Centaur" was just called by launch team during a final status check.
2120 GMT (5:20 p.m. EDT)
T-minus 40 seconds. Centaur's liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen tanks are stable at flight pressures.
2120 GMT (5:20 p.m. EDT)
T-minus 55 seconds. Range is green.
2120 GMT (5:20 p.m. EDT)
T-minus 1 minute. Now 60 seconds away from launching the SBIRS GEO 2 satellite that will bolster and upgrade the U.S. military's infrared surveillance system that continuously scans the world looking for enemy missile launches and sounding the alarm on impending threats.
2119 GMT (5:19 p.m. EDT)
T-minus 90 seconds. The rocket's safety system has been armed.
2119 GMT (5:19 p.m. EDT)
T-minus 1 minute, 45 seconds. Liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen propellant topping to the Centaur upper stage is being secured.
2119 GMT (5:19 p.m. EDT)
T-minus 1 minute, 55 seconds. The launch sequencer has been commanded to start.
2119 GMT (5:19 p.m. EDT)
T-minus 2 minutes. The Atlas first stage and Centaur upper stage are now switching from ground power to internal batteries.
2118 GMT (5:18 p.m. EDT)
T-minus 2 minutes, 30 seconds. The first stage RP-1 kerosene fuel tank and the liquid oxygen have stepped up to proper flight pressure levels.
2118 GMT (5:18 p.m. EDT)
T-minus 3 minutes. The Atlas first stage liquid oxygen replenishment is being secured so the tank can be pressurized for launch.
2117 GMT (5:17 p.m. EDT)
T-minus 3 minutes, 50 seconds. The ground pyrotechnics are enabled.
2117 GMT (5:17 p.m. EDT)
T-minus 4 minutes and counting. Clocks have resumed for the final minutes of today's countdown to launch the Atlas 5 rocket with SBIRS surveillance satellite.
2116 GMT (5:16 p.m. EDT)
The GEO 2 spacecraft is running on internal power for launch.
2115 GMT (5:15 p.m. EDT)
ULA and the Air Force have given their respective final approvals to resume the countdown as scheduled.
2114 GMT (5:14 p.m. EDT)
Polling of the team by Atlas launch conductor just occurred. All systems are "go" for a liftoff today at 5:21 p.m. EDT.
2111 GMT (5:11 p.m. EDT)
Standing by for the final readiness check to be conducted. The launch team will be polled for a "go" or "no go" to proceed with the count.
2110 GMT (5:10 p.m. EDT)
The SBIRS GEO 2 satellite is switching to internal power for launch.
Улетела!
Полетела...
Есть отделение первой ступени!
Улетающие взад створки ГО - просто фантастика :D
Цитироватьinstml пишет:
Улетающие взад створки ГО - просто фантастика :D
Вот-вот... Ни разу такого еще не наблюдал 8) .
(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/84762.jpg)(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/84763.jpg) (https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/84764.jpg)
ЦитироватьUnofficial launch time 2121:00.219UTC.
http://forum.nasaspaceflight.com/index.php?topic=26456.msg1028164#msg1028164
Цитировать2133 GMT (5:33 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 12 minutes, 30 seconds. RL10 engine parameters still look good.
2132 GMT (5:32 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 11 minutes, 40 seconds. The rocket traveling at 14,540 mph.
2132 GMT (5:32 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 11 minutes, 30 seconds. About four minutes are left in this burn of Centaur.
2131 GMT (5:31 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 10 minutes. All systems reported stable as the Centaur fires to reach an initial Earth orbit.
2129 GMT (5:29 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 8 minutes. The RL10 continues to perform well, burning liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen propellants.
2128 GMT (5:28 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 7 minutes, 45 seconds. The rocket is 179 miles in altitude, some 856 miles downrange and traveling at 12,129 mph.
2127 GMT (5:27 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 6 minutes, 30 seconds. Centaur performance right on target.
2126 GMT (5:26 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 5 minutes, 45 seconds. The rocket is tracking right down the planned flight path.
2126 GMT (5:26 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 5 minutes, 28 seconds. The rocket is 123 miles in altitude and traveling over 11,262 mph already.
2126 GMT (5:26 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 5 minutes. Centaur engine readings look good as this burn gets underway.
2125 GMT (5:25 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 5 minutes, 45 seconds. The rocket is tracking right down the planned flight path.
2125 GMT (5:25 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 5 minutes, 28 seconds. The rocket is 123 miles in altitude and traveling over 11,262 mph already.
2125 GMT (5:25 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 5 minutes. Centaur engine readings look good as this burn gets underway.
2124 GMT (5:24 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 4 minutes, 25 seconds. Centaur has ignited! The RL10 engine is up and running at full thrust for its first of two planned firings today.
2124 GMT (5:24 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 4 minutes, 14 seconds. The Atlas 5's Common Core Booster first stage has been jettisoned, and the Centaur upper stage's liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen systems are being readied for engine start.
2125 GMT (5:25 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 4 minutes, 5 seconds. BECO. Booster Engine Cutoff is confirmed as the RD-180 powerplant on the first stage completes its burn. Standing by to fire the retro thrusters and separate the spent stage.
2124 GMT (5:24 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 3 minutes, 50 seconds. The vehicle is accelerating at 5 g's.
2124 GMT (5:24 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 3 minutes, 30 seconds. Atlas is 42 miles in altitude, 89 miles downrange, traveling at 6,909 mph.
2124 GMT (5:24 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 3 minutes, 25 seconds. The rocket now weighs only a quarter of what it did at liftoff.
2124 GMT (5:24 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 3 minutes. RD-180 is performing well as the rocket climbs away from the planet.
2123 GMT (5:23 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 2 minutes, 45 seconds. Reaction control system has been activated.
2123 GMT (5:23 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 2 minutes. The rocket is tracking on course.
2122 GMT (5:22 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 1 minutes, 45 seconds. The RD-180 main engine continues to fire normally, burning a mixture of highly refined kerosene and liquid oxygen.
2122 GMT (5:22 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 95 seconds. Maximum dynamic pressure.
2122 GMT (5:22 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 85 seconds. Mach 1.
2122 GMT (5:22 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 60 seconds. One minute into the ascent. It will take 43 minutes for the two-stage rocket to deploy the Space Based Infrared System Geosynchronous 2 satellite into the desired orbit.
2121 GMT (5:21 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 40 seconds. Good engine performance is reported from the rocket as the booster's thunder crackles across the Cape.
2121 GMT (5:21 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 15 seconds. The vehicle has cleared the towers at Complex 41 on 860,000 pounds of thrust from the RD-180 main engine.
2121 GMT (5:21 p.m. EDT)
Main engine start, release and LIFTOFF! Liftoff of the Atlas 5 rocket and the SBIRS GEO 2 missile warning satellite, improving the nation's safety net in space. And the vehicle has cleared the tower!
Цитировать2138 GMT (5:38 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 17 minutes, 30 seconds. That first burn by Centaur ins erted the rocket in to the correct orbit an orbit with a high point of 658 statute miles, a low point of 109 statute miles and inclination of 26.77 degrees.
2137 GMT (5:37 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 16 minutes, 45 seconds. Centaur is performing a one-degree roll during this coast for thermal conditioning.
2137 GMT (5:37 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 16 minutes. The rocket is performing its turn to the proper position for the next engine firing.
2136 GMT (5:36 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 15 minutes, 24 seconds. MECO 1. Centaur's main engine has shut down following its first burn today, achieving a preliminary orbit around Earth. The rocket will coast in this orbit for about 9 minutes before the RL10 engine re-ignites.
2136 GMT (5:36 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 15 minutes. Orbital velocity has been achieved.
2135 GMT (5:35 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 14 minutes, 30 seconds. Everything looking normal with one minute to go in this burn.
2134 GMT (5:34 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 13 minutes, 35 seconds. Centaur is 171 miles in altitude, 2,130 miles downrange from the launch pad, traveling at 15,992 mph.
2134 GMT (5:34 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 13 minutes. Centaur remains on course and looking good.
Повтор http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=Wkz5NHhtdvM :)
http://youtu.be/Wkz5NHhtdvM (http://youtu.be/Wkz5NHhtdvM)
Цитировать2201 GMT (6:01 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 40 minutes. Deployment of the SBIRS GEO 2 spacecraft to complete today's launch sequence is expected at 6:04 p.m. EDT.
2158 GMT (5:58 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 37 minutes. The vehicle has crossed Africa. It's now soaring above the Indian Ocean while climbing away from the planet. Currently 900 miles in altitude.
2156 GMT (5:56 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 35 minutes. The concept of having infrared satellites orbiting Earth to detect and provide early warning of a nuclear attack on the U.S. dates back to 1960s. Today's launch of the Air Force's SBIRS GEO 2 satellite will take the next step in improving and modernizing the constellation of observatories that serve as the nation's safety net.
"That's still the primary mission. Folks think of that as a Cold War mission, but the reality is it's a dangerous world still today and these infrared-detectable missiles are even more numerous in type and capability than they have ever been," said Col. Jim Planeaux, director of the Infrared Space Systems Directorate at the Air Force's Space and Missile Systems Center.
GEO 2 is built by Lockheed Martin with scanning and staring sensors to provide wide and narrow views of the globe below the spacecraft.
"They work a little bit like night vision goggles in that infrared is very visible to anything that is much warmer than its surroundings. Things like missiles and very bright events are extremely visible in the infrared. So the sensor is tuned and set up so that it's highly sensitive to that radiation," Planeaux said.
"These sensors are like a big eyeball. They have a telescope that let the light in, focuses it on the focal plane, which is a lot like your retina of the eyeball, that is tuned to the infrared frequencies, then that shows up a very detectable signature when anything bright is happening down on the Earth. There's also mechanisms inside the sensor that allow very agile movement to look at different points on the Earth through scanning mirrors."
The satellite should be checked out and certified for missile warning alert duty by the end of this year.
"We really hope it never has to do its primary mission -- to warn the president and secretary of defense if there is an attack on the United States homeland," Planeaux said.
2155 GMT (5:55 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 34 minutes, 30 seconds. Centaur is operating well with good battery voltages.
2153 GMT (5:53 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 32 minutes. Although the Centaur has finished firing, the rocket won't immediately deploy the payload. That milestone moment will wait about 15 minutes as the rocket crosses Africa and Madagascar, eventually flying within communications range of the Diego Garcia tracking station on an island in the Indian Ocean for live telemetry coverage of the critical event.
Release of the payload from the rocket to complete the launch is expected at T+plus 43 minutes.
2151 GMT (5:51 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 30 minutes. The Centaur's orbit is right on target with an apogee of approximately 22,233 statute miles, perigee of 115 statute miles and inclination of 22.2 degrees.
2149 GMT (5:49 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 28 minutes, 8 seconds. MECO 2. Main engine cutoff confirmed. Centaur has completed its second burn of the day.
2148 GMT (5:48 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 27 minutes, 10 seconds. Engine performance still reported nominal.
2147 GMT (5:47 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 26 minutes, 15 seconds. About two minutes are left in the burn to reach the planned geosynchronous transfer orbit.
2146 GMT (5:46 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 25 minutes, 45 seconds. The engine is burning well. This is a planned four-minute firing by the Centaur's single Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne RL10 engine.
2146 GMT (5:46 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 25 minutes, 10 seconds. Bus and battery voltages, tank pressures and other system measurements look good.
2145 GMT (5:45 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 24 minutes, 55 seconds. Centaur is accelerating at 0.82 g's.
2145 GMT (5:45 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 24 minutes, 12 seconds. Ignition and full thrust! The Centaur's single RL10 engine has re-ignited to accelerate the SBIRS GEO 2 payload into the planned deployment orbit.
2144 GMT (5:44 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 23 minutes. Centaur is getting pressurized again in preparation for the next engine burn.
2143 GMT (5:43 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 22 minutes, 30 seconds. Centaur is de-spinning out of its thermal roll.
2141 GMT (5:41 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 20 minutes. The flight path is taking the vehicle over the equatorial Atlantic Ocean, just off the western coast of Africa.
2140 GMT (5:40 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 19 minutes, 45 seconds. Centaur's onboard systems are stable in this coast period continues.
Цитировать2204 GMT (6:04 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 43 minutes, 20 seconds. SPACECRAFT SEPARATION! The Centaur upper stage has deployed the second Space Based Infrared System Geosynchronous satellite into orbit following today's launch from Cape Canaveral.
2204 GMT (6:04 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 43 minutes, 8 seconds. Centaur has begun a one-degree-per-second roll for spacecraft deploy.
2203 GMT (6:03 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 42 minutes, 20 seconds. One minute away from releasing the payload.
2203 GMT (6:03 p.m. EDT)
T+plus 42 minutes. The upper stage is despinning from the coast phase's thermal conditioning roll.
Цитировать2205 GMT (6:05 p.m. EDT)
The next Atlas rocket launch is scheduled for May 15 from Cape Canaveral to deploy a replenishment satellite into orbit the Global Positioning System. The target liftoff time is 5:39 p.m. EDT.
Какоето слишком уж красно-чёрное пламя у РД-180. Неполное сгорание или мне показалось?
http://www.spaceflightnow.com/atlas/av037/launch/
ЦитироватьAtlas 5 rocket launches SBIRS GEO 2
Blasting off right on time Tuesday at 5:21 p.m. EDT, United Launch Alliance Atlas 5 rocket thunders away from Cape Canaveral's Complex 41 carrying the second Space Based Infrared System Geosynchronous satellite, or SBIRS GEO 2, for the U.S. military's network of missile early-warning detection spacecraft.
See our Mission Status Center for the latest news on the launch.
Photo Credit: Walter Scriptunas II / Spaceflight Now
(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/27782.jpg)
(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/27783.jpg)
(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/27784.jpg)
(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/27785.jpg)
(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/27786.jpg)
(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/27787.jpg)
(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/27788.jpg)
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Возвращаясь к теме спектров,нашел небольшой документ:
Miscellaneous
• Phenomenology: data collection / analysis
to assess viability of See-to-Ground band
data for real-time Missile Warning
да, получается, оценивают возможность применения этого диапазона для задач СПРЯУ.
Ну в принципе с введением обработки данных еще и на борту (для уменьшения кол-ва сгружаемых на наземный пункт),может что-то выйдет
но все же скепсис остается...
http://smcindustrydays.org/2009/Teague.pdf (http://smcindustrydays.org/2009/Teague.pdf)
Фотогалереи:
http://www.ulalaunch.com/site/PhotoGallery/Photo_gallery.shtml
http://www.spaceflightnow.com/atlas/av037/remotes/
http://www.spaceflightnow.com/atlas/av037/bionetics/
http://www.aviationweek.com/Article.aspx?id=/article-xml/asd_04_23_2013_p03-01-572052.xml
ЦитироватьSbirs Gets Second Set Of Eyes In Orbit
By Amy Butler
Source: Aerospace Daily & Defense Report
April 23, 2013
(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/67209.jpg)
Credit: Lockheed Martin
The second Space-Based Infrared System (Sbirs) satellite has achieved "first light," and officials expect that it will be certified to warn commanders of ballistic missiles by year's end, says Jeff Smith, vice president for the program for prime contractor Lockheed Martin. First light means the covers for the sensitive infrared payloads — a scanner and a starer — were removed. The system is now being calibrated.
The Sbirs satellite, the second to be placed in geosynchronous (GEO) orbit, was launched March 19 on an Atlas V from Cape Canaveral.
GEO-1 was launched in May 2011. Its scanner has yet to be certified to deliver Integrated Tactical Warning/Attack Assessment (ITWAA) messages. These messages are used to tip off U.S. missile defenses about incoming targets. The Air Force has prioritized use of the scanning sensor first, leaving the newer staring sensor for certification later.
As a replacement for the Defense Support System (DSP), Sbirs will be responsible for providing information on targets — such as launch point, vector and impact point.
Its data will be fed into the Missile Defense Agency's Command, Control Battle Management and Communications System, which links to sea- and ground-based interceptors in the field.
Because Sbirs GEO-1 was the first of a new breed of spacecraft, ITWAA certification has been a long journey. Officials will not provide details on what, specifically, has taken so long to check out, citing security concerns. But Smith says GEO-1's scanner is in what is expected to be the final, 30-day trial period of some tweaks. "It is a rigid, structured process, and we are just checking every box," he says.
GEO-2 is en route to its operational location. Once in place, the two GEOs in orbit will be able to provide "stereo" coverage of launches from the Middle East to the Pacific region.
Two scanning payloads are also continuing operations on separate, classified satellites in highly elliptical orbit.
Meanwhile, Lockheed Martin has begun work on GEO-3, and HEO-3 is slated for delivery within the next six weeks. The company has submitted a proposal to the Air Force for production of GEO satellites 5 and 6. A contract award is expected by the end of September, when the fiscal year ends.