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ЦитироватьVSSC new director Somnath told TOI that his priorities will be on technology upgradation of launch vehicle design and to focus on immediate launches including GSLV-Mark (MK) II and PSLV-C41 in Feb. GSAT -MKII (F09) will be for the launch of communication satellite GSAT-6A and PSLV-C41 for launch of Indian remote sensing satellite IRNSS-1I.

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PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I Mission

India's Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle, in its forty-third flight (PSLV-C41) in XL configuration will launch IRNSS-1I Satellite from SDSC SHAR, Sriharikota. The IRNSS-1I is the eighth satellite to join the NavIC navigation satellite constellation.

]PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I Mission is scheduled in First half of 2018 and the launch will take place from the First Launch Pad (FLP) of SDSC SHAR.

ЦитироватьPublished Wednesday, 14 March 2018
...
ఇదిలావుండగా మొదటి ప్రయోగ వేదికపై పిఎస్‌ఎల్‌వి-సి 41 రాకెట్ అనుసంధాన పనులు శరవేగంగా జరుగుతున్నాయి. ఇందులో భాగంగా సోమవారం రాత్రి రెండో అనుసంధాన పనులు జరుగుతుండగా సాంకేతిక లోపం తలెత్తినట్లు సమాచారం. మొదటి దశ నుంచి రెండో దశకు అమర్చే ఎలక్ట్రికల్ కన్వటర్ ఫ్లెగ్‌లో సాంకేతిక లోపం తలెత్తడంతో అనుసంధాన పనులు ఆగిపోయాయి. రెండు దశల మధ్య అమర్చే ఈ ఎలక్ట్రికల్ వ్యవస్థకు సంబంధించిన ప్రధాన ఫ్లెగ్ సరిపడకపోవడంతో అనుసంధాన పనులు ఆగిపోయాయి. వెంటనే శాస్తవ్రేత్తలు ఆ ఎలక్ట్రికల్ ఫ్లెగ్‌ను తిరువనంతపురంలోని విక్రమ్ సారాభాయ్ స్పేస్ సెంటర్ (విఎస్‌ఎస్‌సి) నుంచి రప్పించి మంగళవారం మధ్యాహ్నానికి రెండో దశ అనుసంధాన పనులు పూర్తిచేశారు. బుధవారం మూడో దశ, నాలుగో దశ అనుసంధాన పనులు పూర్తిచేసి ప్రయోగానికి సిద్ధం చేస్తారు. ఈ రాకెట్ ద్వారా కక్ష్యలోకి పంపే ఐఆర్‌ఎన్‌ఎస్‌ఎస్-1ఐ ఉపగ్రహం రూపకల్పన బెంగళూరులో జరుగుతోంది. ఈనెలాఖరులో శాటిలైట్‌ను షార్‌కు తీసుకురానున్నారు. మార్చి 30 నుంచి రాకెట్ శిఖర భాగాన ఉపగ్రహాన్ని అమర్చే ప్రక్రియను ప్రారంభించనున్నారు. ఏప్రిల్ 12న పిఎస్‌ఎల్‌వి-సి 41 రాకెట్ ప్రయోగం చేపట్టనున్నట్లు సమాచారం.
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ЦитироватьРакета PSLV-C 41 находилась на первом этапе сборки. Во время установки 2-й ступени РН в понедельник была обнаружена неисправность кабеля связи. Сборка РН была приостановлена. Инженеры получили запасной кабель из космического центра Викрам Сарабхай (VSSC) в Тируванантапураме и завершили второй этап сборки во вторник днем. Третий этап сборки был завершен в среду. Спутник IRNSS-1I, который должен быть выведен на орбиту ракетой, продолжает находиться в Бангалоре. Ожидается его доставка в космический центр в Шрихарикоте. Процесс интеграции спутника с ракетой должен начаться 30 марта. Предполагаемая дата запуска ракеты PSLV-C41 - 12 апреля

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PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I

India's Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle, in its forty-third flight (PSLV-C41) in XL configuration will launch IRNSS-1I Satellite from First Launch Pad (FLP) of SDSC SHAR, Sriharikota. The 'XL' configuration of PSLV is used for the twentieth time. The IRNSS-1I is the eighth satellite to join the NavIC navigation satellite constellation.

PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I Mission is scheduled to be launched on Thursday morning, April 12, 2018 at 04:04 Hrs (IST).

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IRNSS-1I

IRNSS-1I is the eighth navigation satellite to join the IRNSS space segment. Its predecessors, IRNSS-1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F and 1G were launched by PSLV-C22, PSLV-C24, PSLV-C26, PSLV-C27, PSLV-C31, PSLV-C32 and PSLV-C33 in July 2013, April 2014, October 2014, March 2015, January 2016, March 2016 and April 2016 respectively. Like all other IRNSS satellites, IRNSS-1I also has a lift-off mass of 1425 kg. The configuration of IRNSS-1I is similar to IRNSS-1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F and 1G.

Payloads: Like its other IRNSS predecessors, IRNSS-1I also carries two types of payloads – navigation payload and ranging payload. The navigation payload of IRNSS-1I transmits signals for the determination of position, velocity and time. This payload is operating in L5-band and S-band. Rubidium atomic clocks are part of the navigation payload of the satellite. The ranging payload of IRNSS-1I consists of a C-band transponder, which facilitates accurate determination of the range of the satellite. It also carries Corner Cube Retro Reflectors for LASER Ranging.

IRNSS-1I will be launched by PSLV-C41 on Thursday morning, April 12, 2018 at 04:04 Hrs (IST) from SDSC SHAR, Sriharikota.

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PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I Gallery

Спойлер

(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/206666.jpg) (https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/galleries/PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I%20Gallery/6-irnss-1ispacecraftisbeingintegratedwithpslv-c41_0.jpg) (https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/206664.webp) (https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/galleries/PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I%20Gallery/5-pslv-c41integrateduptofourthstageinsidemobileservicetower_0.jpg) (https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/206660.jpg) (https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/galleries/PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I%20Gallery/2-strap-onmotorsarebeingintegratedwithpslv-c41corestageatvehicleassemblybuilding.jpg) (https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/206657.jpg) (https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/galleries/PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I%20Gallery/1-pslv-c41corestageintegrationinprogress.jpg) (https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/206656.jpg) (https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/galleries/PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I%20Gallery/10-irnss-1iundergoingcatftest_0.jpg) (https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/206667.jpg) (https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/galleries/PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I%20Gallery/9-irnss-1iundergoingemi-emctest_0.jpg) (https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/styles/gallery_thumb/public/galleries/PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I%20Gallery/8-irnss-1iundergoingacoustictest_0.jpg?itok=02KyENLq) (https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/galleries/PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I%20Gallery/8-irnss-1iundergoingacoustictest_0.jpg) (https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/styles/gallery_thumb/public/galleries/PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I%20Gallery/7-irnss-1iundergoingvibrationtest_0.jpg?itok=w0vAvGuq) (https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/galleries/PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I%20Gallery/7-irnss-1iundergoingvibrationtest_0.jpg) (https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/206665.jpg) (https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/galleries/PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I%20Gallery/6-irnss-1iatcleanroomwithoneofitssolarpanelsdeployed_0.jpg) (https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/styles/gallery_thumb/public/galleries/PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I%20Gallery/4-irnss-1ibeingloadedintothelargespacesimulationchamberforthermalvacuumtest_0.jpg?itok=fC5UI8s1) (https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/galleries/PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I%20Gallery/4-irnss-1ibeingloadedintothelargespacesimulationchamberforthermalvacuumtest_0.jpg) (https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/styles/gallery_thumb/public/galleries/PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I%20Gallery/3-irnss-1ispacecraftundergoingtestatcleanroomofisiteisacbengaluru_0.jpg?itok=SqTmnLM6) (https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/galleries/PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I%20Gallery/3-irnss-1ispacecraftundergoingtestatcleanroomofisiteisacbengaluru_0.jpg)

[свернуть]

ЦитироватьCHENNAI: The Indian Space Research Organisation will launch IRNSS-1I (https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/topic/IRNSS-1I) -- the eighth satellite in the NavIC navigation satellite (https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/topic/navigation-satellite) constellation -- on April 12, an update on Isro's website said on Friday evening. Isro's workhorse Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV-C41 (https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/topic/PSLV-C41)) will take off from the first launch pad at Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota at 4.04am on that day carrying IRNSS-1I. The launch will be PSLV's 20th flight with 'XL' configuration. IRNSS-1I is expected to replace IRNSS-1A, the first of the seven navigation satellites, which was rendered ineffective after its three rubidium atomic clocks failed. In August 2017, Isro (https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/topic/ISRO) launched IRNSS-1H as a replacement, but the mission failed after the heat shield covering the satellite failed to separate. The IRNSS-1I mission will happen two weeks after Isro launched GSAT-6A onboard GSLV Mk-II. Though the rocket placed GSAT-6A.in orbit, Isro lost communication with the satellite.

ЦитироватьHYDROPAC 1340/2018 (63)

INDIAN OCEAN.
BAY OF BENGAL.
DNC 03.
1. HAZARDOUS OPERATIONS, ROCKET LAUNCHING
   2145Z TO 0145Z COMMENCING DAILY 11 THRU 19 APR:
   A. WITHIN TEN MILES OF 13-43.9N 080-14.2E.
   B. IN AREA BOUND BY
   13-30N 080-30E, 13-50N 080-35E,
   13-35N 081-30E, 13-15N 081-25E.
   C. IN AREA BOUND BY
   13-00N 082-10E, 13-30N 082-15E,
   12-55N 084-05E, 12-25N 084-00E.
   D. IN AREA BOUND BY
   12-20N 084-05E, 13-00N 084-15E,
   12-45N 085-10E, 12-05N 085-00E.
   E. IN AREA BOUND BY
   11-10N 088-25E, 11-45N 088-35E,
   11-25N 089-40E, 10-50N 089-30E.
   F. IN AREA BOUND BY
   09-05N 094-50E, 09-55N 095-05E,
   09-35N 096-00E, 08-45N 095-45E.
2. CANCEL THIS MSG 200245Z APR 18.

( 071912Z APR 2018 )

ЦитироватьHYDROPAC 1321/2018 (22,83)

EASTERN SOUTH PACIFIC.
DNC 06, DNC 07.
1. HAZARDOUS OPERATIONS, ROCKET LAUNCHING
   2145Z TO 0145Z COMMENCING DAILY
   11 THRU 19 APR IN AREA BOUND BY
   17-00S 134-00W, 13-00S 112-00W,
   07-30S 090-00W, 09-30S 090-00W,
   15-00S 112-00W, 19-00S 134-00W.
2. CANCEL THIS MSG 200245Z APR 18.

( 061419Z APR 2018 )

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PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I Mission Curtain Raiser Video - English

https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/videos/pslv-c-41-english.mp4.mp4 (https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/videos/pslv-c-41-english.mp4.mp4)
(video (https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/videos/pslv-c-41-english.mp4.mp4))
Description: A curtain raiser video of PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I
Format : MP4
File Size : 59.59 MB
Duration : 00:08:30

ЦитироватьPSLV C41 .pdf (https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/flipping_book/PSLVC41_IRNSS1I/files/assets/common/downloads/PSLV%20C41%20.pdf) - 676 943 B, 6 стр, 2018-04-09 16:05:44 UTC

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PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I Gallery

(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/206663.jpg) (https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/galleries/PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I%20Gallery/5-panoramicviewofpslv-c41onthefirstlaunchpad.jpg) (https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/206662.jpg) (https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/galleries/PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I%20Gallery/4-pslv-c41onthefirstlaunchpad.jpg) (https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/206661.jpg) (https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/galleries/PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I%20Gallery/3-mstwithdrawalexerciseduringlaunchrehearsal.jpg) (https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/206659.jpg) (https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/galleries/PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I%20Gallery/2-fullyintegratedplsv-c41withirnss-1iatfirstlaunchpadsharsriharikota.jpg) (https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/206658.jpg) (https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/galleries/PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I%20Gallery/1-pslv-c41heatshieldclosedwithirnss-1iencapsulated.jpg)

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Launch of PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I Mission

(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/206473.png)

ЦитироватьApr 10, 2018

The 32 hr countdown activity has commenced at 20:04hr IST on Tuesday, April 10, 2018 for the launch of PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I Mission scheduled at 04:04 hr IST on April 12, 2018

Цитировать(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/186040.jpg)Chris B - NSF‏ @NASASpaceflight (https://twitter.com/NASASpaceflight) 7 мин. назад (https://twitter.com/NASASpaceflight/status/984065766109712386)

ARTICLE: India's PSLV rocket set to loft the IRNSS-1I -

https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2018/04/indias-pslv-rocket-irnss-1i/ ... (https://t.co/YUu4QaFqas)

- By William Graham

(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/162540.jpg)

Спойлер

(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/162541.jpg)
(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/162542.jpg)
(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/162526.jpg)

[свернуть]

ЦитироватьLive coverage: India's PSLV counting down to satellite launch
April 11, 2018 (https://spaceflightnow.com/2018/04/) | Stephen Clark (https://spaceflightnow.com/author/stephen-clark/)

04/11/2018 21:25 Stephen Clark

India's Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle is set for liftoff at 2234 GMT (6:34 p.m. EDT) with the country's ninth navigation satellite, bolstering a regional positioning and timing network after the loss of a navigation craft on a previous PSLV mission last year.

Today's mission, codenamed PSLV-C41, will boost a nearly 1.6-ton (1.4-metric ton) satellite into orbit for the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System.

Спойлер

The Indian-built spacecraft poised for blastoff today is named IRNSS 1I. It will be ninth member of India's regional navigation network, including one satellite that was lost on a PSLV launch failure in August 2017.

Unlike U.S., Russian, European and Chinese navigation fleets designed for global reach, India's navigation satellite constellation is intended to provide positioning services over the country's domestic territory and neighboring nations.

Built for a 10-year mission, IRNSS 1I will replenish the Indian navigation system. India initially ordered and launched seven spacecraft for the navigation system, but built more to keep the network running after some of the early satellites encountered trouble with their atomic clocks.

The 145-foot-tall (44-meter) PSLV will place the IRNSS 1I satellite into an elliptical "sub-synchronous" transfer orbit with a low point of 176 miles (284 kilometers), a high point of 12,831 miles (20,650 kilometers) and an inclination of 19.2 degrees, according to flight data published by the Indian Space Research Organization.

The PSLV will deploy the payload around 19 minutes after liftoff. The satellite's on-board engine will fire several times to raise its orbit to an altitude of more than 22,000 miles (nearly 36,000 kilometers), tilted at an angle of 29 degrees to the equator, where IRNSS 1I will enter service in the next couple of months.

ISRO decided to go ahead with today's launch despite a failure afflicting the GSAT 6A communications satellite launched by the larger GSLV Mk.2 rocket March 29. Ground controllers lost contact with the satellite two days after launch, and have been unable to reestablish communications with the spacecraft.

[свернуть]

Цитировать04/12/2018 00:44 Stephen Clark

T-minus 50 minutes. There are no problems reported in the countdown, and launch remains on track for 0359 GMT (11:59 p.m. EDT).

Some statistics on today's flight:

43rd PSLV mission
20th launch in PSLV XL configuration
3rd Indian launch of 2018
2nd PSLV flight of 2018
9th launch for IRNSS program
32nd PSLV launch from Sriharikota's First Launch Pad

Цитировать04/12/2018 01:21 Stephen Clark

T-minus 14 minutes. The automatic countdown sequence has started.

Цитировать(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/67530.jpg)Spaceflight Now‏ @SpaceflightNow (https://twitter.com/SpaceflightNow) 6 мин. назад (https://twitter.com/SpaceflightNow/status/984195132571439105)

All weather and technical parameters are reported "go" for launch of India's Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle at 2234 GMT (6:34pm EDT) with a new Indian navigation satellite.

Цитировать04/12/2018 01:32 Stephen Clark

T-minus 3 minutes. On-board computers on the PSLV are reported in flight mode.

ЦитироватьApr 12, 2018

PSLV-C41 Successfully Launches IRNSS-1I

Цитировать(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/186040.jpg)Chris B - NSF‏ @NASASpaceflight (https://twitter.com/NASASpaceflight) 38 мин. назад (https://twitter.com/NASASpaceflight/status/984203164583940097)

S/C Sep for IRNSS-1I after PSLV-XL Launch.

ARTICLE:

https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2018/04/indias-pslv-rocket-irnss-1i/ ... (https://t.co/YUu4QaFqas)

- by William Graham

(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/162591.jpg)

Спойлер

(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/162592.jpg)
(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/162587.jpg)
(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/162593.jpg)

[свернуть]

ЦитироватьPSLV-XL launches IRNSS-1I satellite

SciNews (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCjU6ZwoTQtKWfz1urL7XcbA)

Опубликовано: 11 апр. 2018 г.

ЦитироватьImpressive PSLV Night Launch Sends Replacement Craft for India's Navigation Constellation to Orbit
 April 11, 2018 (http://spaceflight101.com/pslv-c41-launches-irnss-1i/)

(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/153476.jpg) (http://spaceflight101.com/pslv-c41/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/pslvc41-05.jpg)
Photo: DD News Launch Broadcast

India's Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle successfully sent the IRNSS-1I navigation satellite into orbit on Wednesday after an impressive nighttime liftoff fr om the country's Satish Dhawan Space Center. Powered aloft by a solid-fueled core stage and six strap-on boosters, PSLV thundered away fr om India's eastern shore to the south-east, en-route to a Subsynchronous Transfer Orbit from where the satellite will climb under its own power to patch a gap left in India's NavIC constellation due to problems with the atomic clocks of the original navigation satellites.

PSLV provided its 1,425-Kilogram payload with a smooth ride and separated the satellite into the intended orbit less than twenty minutes after taking flight, successfully sending a badly needed replacement on its way after the originally intended IRNSS replacement craft was lost in a rare PSLV launch failure seven and a half months ago. Indian officials confirmed the success of Wednesday's launch shortly after the satellite had arrived in orbit and status telemetry confirmed the health of its systems.

Спойлер

(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/153473.jpg) (http://spaceflight101.com/pslv-c41/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/4-pslv-c41onthefirstlaunchpad1.jpg)
Photo: ISRO

Wednesday's night's PSLV launch came right on the heels of the successful March 29 launch of India's Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle, (http://spaceflight101.com/gslv-gsat-6a/) marking the shortest gap between two orbital launches carried out by the Indian Space Research Organization. Although GSLV performed admirably during its 12th launch, communications with the GSAT-6A satellite were unexpectedly lost after if performed the second of three apogee maneuvers and efforts to make contact with the satellite have come up empty-handed up to this point.

ISRO nevertheless decided to press ahead with Wednesday night's mission as the IRNSS satellite placed atop PSLV does not share any power system components with GSAT-6A which may have succumbed to a power-related failure somewh ere aboard the communications craft per initial analysis of the fault signature.

India's NavIC navigation system, formally known as the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS), consists of seven satellites operating from Geosynchronous Orbits to provide coverage of the Indian Subcontinent and surrounding areas. The project started out in 2006 and was born out of a desire to establish an independent navigation capability across India for government and civilian use – ending reliance on foreign systems like the American GPS which may be disabled in times of distress.

(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/153459.jpg) (http://spaceflight101.com/pslv-c39/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/irnssconst.jpg)
IRNSS Constellation – Image: ISRO

India opted for a regional solution instead of global systems like those operated by the U.S., Europe, Russia and China.

Seven IRNSS satellites were lifted by PSLV rockets between 2013 and 2016, three reside in Geostationary Orbit above the equator and four are located in two orbital planes in 29-degree Geosynchronous Orbits to create a coverage area spanning the entire Indian territory and around 1,500 Kilometers beyond its borders.

The IRNSS satellites are essentially carbon copies, employing ISRO's I-1K satellite platform and weighing 1,425 Kilograms at liftoff. At the heart of each satellite are three Rubidium Atomic Frequency Standard (RAFS) clocks that deliver the ultra-precise timing needed for the generation of navigation signals which are then transmitted to the ground in the L5 and S-bands and processed by compatible receivers to calculate a user's position via triangulation – requiring a sufficient number of satellites, typically four, to be visible at any given time (three for location, the fourth provides time synchronization).

>> IRNSS Satellite & Constellation Overview (http://spaceflight101.com/spacecraft/irnss/)

(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/153482.jpg) (http://spaceflight101.com/pslv-c41/wp-content/uploads/sites/220/2018/04/7-irnss-1iundergoingvibrationtest_0.jpg)
IRNSS-I during Testing – Photo: ISRO

IRNSS was designed with redundancy on the constellation and satellite levels – installing three clocks on each satellite to protect against isolated failures and operating the constellation in a one-redundant configuration (allowing one satellite to fail without affecting the quality/availability of service). As an additional insurance against a system outage, ISRO commissioned two satellites to act as ground spares.

The initial plan was for the two satellites to be kept in storage and launch in case any active satellite encountered problems to ensure the constellation would stay at operational strength throughout its planned ten-year service life.

Problems aboard the first constellation satellite, IRNSS-1A launched in July 2013, began in mid-2016 with the failure of one of its three rubidium clocks. The two remaining clocks followed suit in the second half of that year and left IRNSS-1A without the ability of delivering precise signals, leaving it in a much degraded state not suitable for accurate navigation.

(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/153479.jpg) (http://spaceflight101.com/pslv-c41/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/pslvc41-rafs.jpg)
SpectraTime RAFS Clocks – Image: SpectraTime

The plot thickened when the European Galileo constellation also noted an alarming failure rate on its clocks, affecting both types used on the European system – the more accurate Hydrogen Masers and the RAFS Clocks which are considered more robust.

IRNSS, Galileo and China's Beidou-2 navigation systems all use clocks from the same supplier, Swiss company SpectraTime, and analysis of the failures on IRNSS and Galileo showed the exact same mechanism that implicated an inexpensive electronics component causing short circuits within the clocks.

As a result of the inquiry into the clock troubles, existing clocks were removed from the two IRNSS spares and Galileo satellites waiting for launch to undergo repairs before being re-installed on their respective satellites.

(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/153481.jpg) (http://spaceflight101.com/pslv-c41/wp-content/uploads/sites/220/2018/04/6-irnss-1iatcleanroomwithoneofitssolarpanelsdeployed_0.jpg)
Photo: ISRO

To extend the operational lives of the satellites in orbit, ISRO decided to change the procedure of how the three clocks are operated. Initially, two clocks were kept in a powered state with one in primary mode and the other as a hot backup while the third was powered down. As a life extension measure, IRNSS satellites now only have one clock in a powered state, keeping the other powered off to preserve their useful lifetime for when they are needed.

Despite the complete failure of clocks on IRNSS-1A, ISRO initially planned to keep the planned early 2018 in-service date for the NavIC system. To bring the constellation back to a redundant configuration, ISRO readied IRNSS-1H – one of the two ground spares – for liftoff on August 31, 2017. Unfortunately, the satellite fell victim to the first PSLV failure in 37 missions when the rocket's payload fairing failed to separate due to a rubber bellows within the fairing separation system that failed to pressurize properly to push the fairing halves apart.

(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/153478.jpg) (http://spaceflight101.com/pslv-c41/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/pslvc41-closeup.jpg)
Photo: ISRO

PSLV successfully returned to flight in January 2018 with a cluster delivery but the grand-rollout of operational IRNSS services remained on hold as the system was not considered fully operational without the seventh satellite – especially since another two Rubidium clocks on the active satellites have encountered failures since trouble arose with IRNSS-1A.

Timelines for IRNSS-1I – the first satellite integrated and tested in part by an industrial consortium – were not changed and its launch remained planned for early 2018.

The PSLV C41 launch campaign began in early February with the stacking of the four-stage rocket atop the First Launch Pad at SDSC. IRNSS-1I was flagged off from the ISRO Satellite Center on March 22nd to begin a final processing flow at the launch site and prepare for a nighttime liftoff.

PSLV enjoyed a smooth 32-hour countdown before coming alive at 22:34 UTC on Wednesday, 4:04 a.m. local time on Thursday.

(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/153474.jpg) (http://spaceflight101.com/pslv-c41/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/pslvc41-02.jpg)
Photo: DD News Launch Broadcast

(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/153475.jpg) (http://spaceflight101.com/pslv-c41/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/pslvc41-04.jpg)
Photo: DD News Launch Broadcast

Shooting skyward, PSLV burned 1,600 Kilograms of propellant per second with its S139 Core Stage and four of its six Solid Rocket Boosters, the other two joining in at the T+25 second mark to increase the vehicle's thrust to 803 metric ton-force.

The 12-meter long ground-lits burned out at T+50 seconds and separated in pairs at T+70 seconds when the rocket was crossing 24 Kilometers in altitude. Separation of the remaining two PSOM-XL boosters occurred 92 seconds into the flight and the core stage burned for another 17 seconds to accelerate the vehicle to a speed of 2.4 Kilometers per second when dropping away from the PS2 at T+1 minute and 49 seconds.

>> PSLV Launch Vehicle Overview (http://spaceflight101.com/spacerockets/pslv/)

Starting out at an altitude of 55 Kilometers, the PS2 stage fired up its 81,500-Kilogram-force Vikas engine, burning 42 metric tons of self-igniting Nitrogen Tetroxide and UH25 Hydrazine. PSLV entered closed loop steering during the second stage burn to dynamically adjust its flight profile based on measured navigation data to ensure it steered toward its precise cutoff target in space.

The two fairing halves dropped away three minutes and 22 seconds into the mission when PSLV had passed 113 Kilometers in altitude and the hypergolic-fueled second stage handed off to PS3 at T+262.2 seconds with the third stage lighting up its solid rocket motor moments later to generate 25 metric tons of thrust for a 113-second burn.

>> Flight Profile (http://spaceflight101.com/pslv-c41/flight-profile/)

(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/153480.jpg) (http://spaceflight101.com/pslv-c41/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/pslvc41-track.jpg)
PSLV C41 Ground Track – Image: ISRO

(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/153477.jpg) (http://spaceflight101.com/pslv-c41/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/pslvc41-06.jpg)
Photo: DD News Launch Broadcast

Expending 7,600kg of composite fuel, PS3 boosted the vehicle onto a sub-orbital trajectory and remained attached to the stack until T+9 minutes and 58 seconds when it separated en-route toward re-entry over the Pacific Ocean while the PS4 stage readied for ignition to lift the stack into orbit. Firing up its twin L-2-5 engines, the fourth stage was set for a lengthy burn of eight minutes and 34 seconds aiming for an injection orbit of 284 by 20,650 Kilometers, inclined 19.2 degrees – a typical sub-GTO delivery arising from the limited performance of the PSLV rocket that normally handles Low Earth Orbit missions.

Separation of IRNSS-1I was confirmed 19 minutes and 20 seconds after launch into its desired transfer orbit from wh ere the spacecraft will maneuver up to its operational slot within the IRNSS constellation. Replacing the 1A satellite, the craft will enter the western GSO plane of the constellation, aiming for an orbital inclination of 29 degrees and an equator-crossing at a longitude of 55 degrees East.

Checking off its third successful launch of 2018, ISRO is currently looking at late May for its next space launch, involving a PSLV rocket lifting a not-yet-announced primary payload into Sun Synchronous Orbit. For the IRNSS navigation system, the future will hold an expansion from seven to eleven constellation craft to extend its coverage area.

[свернуть]

ЦитироватьApr 12, 2018

PSLV-C41 Successfully Launches IRNSS-1I Navigation Satellite

In its forty third flight, ISRO's Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle PSLV-C41 successfully launched the 1425 kg IRNSS-1I Navigation Satellite today (April 12, 2018 ) from Satish Dhawan Space Centre SHAR, Sriharikota.

PSLV-C41 lifted off at 0404 hrs (4:04 am) IST, as planned, from the First Launch Pad.  After a flight lasting about 19 minutes, the vehicle achieved a Sub Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit with a perigee (nearest point to earth) of 281.5 km and an apogee (farthest point to earth) of 20,730 km inclined at an angle of 19.2 degree to the equator following which IRNSS-1I separated from PSLV.

After separation, the solar panels of IRNSS-1I were deployed automatically. ISRO's Master Control Facility (MCF) at Hassan, Karnataka took over the control of the satellite. In the coming days, orbit manoeuvres will be performed from MCF to position the satellite at 55 deg East longitude in the planned Geosynchronous Orbit with an inclination of 29 deg to the equator.

IRNSS-1I is the latest member of the 'Navigation with Indian Constellation (NavIC)' system.  NavIC, also known as Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS), is an independent regional navigation satellite system designed to provide position information in the Indian region and 1500 km around the Indian mainland.

A number of ground facilities responsible for IRNSS satellite ranging  and monitoring, generation and transmission of navigation parameters, satellite control, network timing, etc., have been established in many locations across the country as part of NavIC.

Till now, PSLV has successfully launched 52 Indian satellites and 237 customer satellites from abroad.

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PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I Gallery

(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/206675.jpg) (https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/galleries/PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I%20Gallery/c41l7306.jpg) (https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/206668.jpg) (https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/galleries/PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I%20Gallery/avp1570.jpg) (https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/206669.jpg) (https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/galleries/PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I%20Gallery/avp8511.jpg) (https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/206674.jpg) (https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/galleries/PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I%20Gallery/c417949.jpg) (https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/206670.jpg) (https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/galleries/PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I%20Gallery/bjs3918.jpg) (https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/206671.jpg) (https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/galleries/PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I%20Gallery/c397578.jpg) (https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/206673.jpg) (https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/galleries/PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I%20Gallery/c417935.jpg) (https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/206672.jpg) (https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/galleries/PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I%20Gallery/c416472.jpg)

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PSLV-C41 Liftoff and Onboard Camera View

https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/videos/pslv_c_41_for_hq.mp4.mp4 (https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/videos/pslv_c_41_for_hq.mp4.mp4)
(video (https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/videos/pslv_c_41_for_hq.mp4.mp4))

Description: PSLV-C41 Liftoff and Onboard Camera Video
Format : MP4
File Size : 11 MB
Duration : 00:01:42

ЦитироватьApr 12, 2018

The first orbit raising operation of IRNSS-1I is planned to be carried out at 4:15 hr IST on April 13, 2018. The targeted perigee height is 322 km and apogee height is 35887 km

ЦитироватьISRO launches for second time in two weeks
April 11, 2018 (https://spaceflightnow.com/2018/04/) | Stephen Clark (https://spaceflightnow.com/author/stephen-clark/)

(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/144325.jpg)
India's Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle lifted off at 2234 GMT (6:34 p.m. EDT; 4:04 a.m. local time) from Sriharikota Island on India's east coast. This image shows insulation panels falling away from the rocket at liftoff, as planned. Credit: ISRO

Riding a column of red-hot rocket exhaust, an Indian Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle fired into orbit Wednesday with a replacement satellite for the country's home-grown navigation network.

The PSLV took off at 2234 GMT (6:34 p.m. EDT) with a rush of flame from a solid-fueled core motor and four strap-on solid rocket boosters. Two more augmentation rockets ignited around 25 seconds after liftoff to give the 145-foot-tall (44-meter) launcher another boost into a predawn sky over India's spaceport on Sriharikota Island, a piece of land on the country's eastern coastline.

A liquid-fueled second stage Vikas engine, a third stage solid rocket motor and a twin-engine fourth stage fired in succession as the PSLV shed spent rocket components over the Bay of Bengal heading to the east-southeast from Sriharikota.

The mission director stationed at the spaceport's launch control center announced the successful separation of India's ninth navigation satellite — IRNSS 1I — approximately 19 minutes after liftoff. A live video feed from the PSLV's fourth stage showed the 3,141-pound (1,425-kilogram) spacecraft flying away from the rocket.

Indian Space Research Organization officials quickly declared success on the mission, which launched at 4:04 a.m. Indian Standard Time on Thursday.

Спойлер

The IRNSS 1I satellite joins seven other satellites in the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System, also known as NavIC, which stands for Navigation with Indian Constellation. The other IRNSS payload built and launched by India failed to enter the navigation network when it was stranded on its rocket during a PSLV flight in August.

On that mission, the PSLV's payload fairing failed to jettison from the rocket as programmed. The satellite remained inside the nose shroud after the rocket reached a lower-than-planned orbit.

India has conducted three space launches since the mishap last year, including two PSLV missions, all successfully. Wednesday's flight was the second launch by ISRO in less than two weeks, after the March 29 liftoff of a Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Mk.2, a more powerful rocket than the PSLV.

(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/144290.jpg)
The IRNSS 1I satellite mounted on top of the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle. Credit: ISRO

The March 29 mission lofted India's GSAT 6A communications satellite designed to provide mobile video and data services across the Indian subcontinent. But ground controllers lost contact with GSAT 6A two days after launch, soon after the satellite's on-board engine completed the second of three planned maneuvers to maneuver into its planned perch in geostationary orbit more than 22,000 miles (nearly 36,000 kilometers) over the equator.

Indian engineers have been unable to restore communications with GSAT 6A. The Times of India reported Tuesday that ISRO continues to track the satellite in orbit, suggesting GSAT 6A remains intact.

ISRO officials did not mention GSAT 6A in their remarks after Wednesday's flight, codenamed PSLV-C41, which placed the IRNSS 1I navigation satellite into an on-target orbit ranging between 174 miles (281 kilometers) and 12,881 miles (20,730 kilometers) above Earth, according to R. Hutton, the mission director.

"As of now, the (IRNSS 1I) satellite is doing well," said M. Annadurai, director of the ISRO Satellite Center. "The baby has been delivered, and it's unfolded its solar arrays."

IRNSS 1I is scheduled to enter service in May, after four orbit-raising burns with the satellite's main engine to climb into a circular geosynchronous-type orbit at an altitude of more than 22,000 miles. The craft's operating orbit will be tilted at an angle of 29 degrees to the equator and centered at 55 degrees east longitude, requiring a plane change from the 19.2-degree inclination targeted on Wednesday's launch.

Developed to replace the IRNSS 1A satellite, which launched in 2013 with faulty atomic clocks, the new satellite will begin a 10-year mission beaming time-stamped navigation signals across India and neighboring countries. IRNSS 1I is also heading to the same slot in the Indian navigation constellation that was intended for the spacecraft lost on the failed launch in August.

The NavIC constellation has three satellites in circular geostationary orbits over the equator, and four craft in inclined orbits — like IRNSS 1I — that oscillate north and south of the equator, ensuring multiple satellites are always high in the sky over the Indian subcontinent.

(https://img.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/144364.jpg)
Artist's illustration of the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System. Credit: ISRO

The Indian navigation network provides position estimates with a precision of about 66 feet, or 20 meters, to users in India and across a region extending up to 900 miles (1,500 kilometers) from its borders, according to ISRO. The program provides enhanced navigation coverage when combined with signals from GPS satellites, and independent positioning data in case foreign navigation signals are cut off.

K. Sivan, ISRO's chairman, said the launch of the IRNSS 1I satellite completes the first phase of the Indian navigation system. The Indian government will now focus on completing development of user applications, ground terminals and other technology to allow Indian citizens, the Indian military, airliners and ships to relay on data from IRNSS satellites.

"Very soon, we are going to come to the community — to the people — to deliver this product, and this is going to continue forever," Sivan said. "For this purpose, the support of different institutions, as well as industry, is required for producing more and more navigation-based services for the country. I'm sure all of us will make use of this constellation to ensure that the underprivileged, underserved and unreached people also get wonderful applications from position-based services."

The launch Wednesday marked the shortest time between rocket flights from the Satish Dhawan Space Center at Sriharikota. It was the 43rd flight of a Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle, 41 of which have been successful, and the 20th mission to fly in the PSLV XL configuration with bigger solid rocket boosters.

"PSLV is once again on a successful stride," said P. Kunhikrishnan, director of the spaceport at Sriharikota. "One speciality of this mission is it was within two weeks (of the last launch), the shortest time span we had two missions from the spaceport. That very clearly proves the professionalism in the launch campaign."

The GSLV flight March 29 used a different launch pad at Sriharikota, has two launch facilities for parallel campaigns.

ISRO officials said the rocket launched Wednesday was also the first to fly with propellant tanks constructed using a technique called friction stir welding, a more efficient manufacturing method used on SpaceX's Falcon rocket family and NASA's Space Launch System.

The introduction of friction stir welding is "going to improve the productivity and also enhance the payload capability of the vehicle," Sivan said.

Sivan said ISRO has nine more missions planned in the next eight months, including the third test flight of India's GSLV Mk.3 rocket — the country's biggest launcher — and the deployment of a high-power broadband communications satellite in late May aboard a European Ariane 5 rocket.

In October or November, India plans to launch the Chandrayaan 2 mission, a combined lunar orbiter, lander and rover, on a GSLV Mk.2.

[свернуть]

ЦитироватьApr 13, 2018

The first orbit raising operation of IRNSS-1I is successfully carried out at 4:19 hr IST on April 13, 2018

The achieved perigee height is 315 km and apogee height is 35809 km.

The second orbit raising operation of IRNSS-1I is planned to be carried out around 20:00 hr IST on April 13, 2018. The targeted perigee height is 8536 km and apogee height is 35793 km.

ЦитироватьApr 13, 2018

The second orbit raising operation of IRNSS-1I is successfully carried out at 20:04 hr IST on April 13, 2018

ЦитироватьApr 14, 2018

The second orbit raising operation of IRNSS-1I Satellite has been successfully carried out at 20:04 hr IST on April 13, 2018. The achieved perigee height is 8683 km and apogee height is 35733 km.

The third orbit raising operation of IRNSS-1I is planned to be carried out at around 22:45 hr IST on April 14, 2018. The targeted perigee height is 31,540 km and apogee height is 35,797 km.

ЦитироватьApr 14, 2018

The third orbit raising operation of IRNSS-1I is successfully carried out at 22:50 hr IST on April 14, 2018

ЦитироватьApr 15, 2018

The third orbit raising operation of IRNSS-1I is successfully carried out at 22:50 hr IST on April 14, 2018. The achieved perigee height is 31,426 km and apogee height is 35,739 km

The fourth and the final orbit raising operation of IRNSS-1I is planned to be carried out at around 21:20 hr IST on April 15, 2018. The targeted perigee height is 35,381 km and apogee height is 35,793 km.

ЦитироватьApr 15, 2018

The fourth and the final orbit raising operation of IRNSS-1I is successfully carried out at 21:05 hr IST on April 15, 2018. The achieved perigee height is 35,462.9 km and apogee height is 35,737.8 km